Máramaros County

Máramaros County Комітат Марамарош Comitatul Maramureş Comitatus Maramarosiensis Máramaros vármegye Komitat Maramuresch
County of the Kingdom of Hungary
1876–1920 →   →
Coat of arms
Capital		Máramarossziget 47°56′N 23°53′E / 47.933°N 23.883°ECoordinates: 47°56′N 23°53′E / 47.933°N 23.883°E
History
•	Established	1876
•	Treaty of Trianon	4 June 1920
Area
•	1910	9,716 km^2 (3,751 sq mi)
Population
•	1910	357,700
	Density	36.8 /km^2  (95.4 /sq mi)
Today part of		Ukraine  Romania
Sighetu Marmaţiei is the current name of the capital.

Máramaros (Romanian: Maramureş; Rusyn: Мараморош / Maramorosh, Мараморыш / Maramorŷsh; Ukrainian: Мармарощина – Marmaroshchyna; Latin: Marmatia) was an administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory is now in north-western Romania and western Ukraine. The capital of the county was Máramarossziget (Hungarian, Sighetu Marmaţiei in Romania).

Geography

Máramaros county shared borders with the Austrian crownlands Galicia (now in Poland and Ukraine) and Bukovina (now in Romania and Ukraine) and the Hungarian counties Bereg, Ugocsa, Szatmár, Szolnok-Doboka and Beszterce-Naszód. It was situated on both sides of the river Tisza, and in the Carpathian mountains. Its area was 9720 km² around 1910.

History

In 1920 after the Treaty of Trianon, the northern part of the county became part of newly formed Czechoslovakia (Subcarpathian Ruthenia). The southern part (including Sighetu Marmației) became part of Romania.

During World War II, the Czechoslovak part was occupied by Hungary under the First Vienna Award. The county Máramaros was recreated, with Khust/Huszt as capital. The Romanian part was from 1940 to 1944 a part of Hungary. After World War II, the formerly Czechoslovak part of Máramaros county became part of the Soviet Union, Ukrainian SSR, Zakarpattia Oblast. Since 1991, when the Soviet Union split up, the Zakarpattya region is part of Ukraine.

The southern part of the county is now part of the Romanian county Maramureș.

Demographics

1900

In 1900, the county had a population of 309,598 people and was composed of the following linguistic communities:^[1]

Total:

• Ruthenian: 143,621 (46.4%)
• Romanian: 74,978 (24.2%)
• German: 47,449 (15.3%)
• Hungarian: 42,403 (13.7%)
• Slovak: 545 (0.2%)
• Croatian: 79 (0.0%)
• Serbian: 4 (0.0%)
• Other or unknown: 519 (0.2%)

According to the census of 1900, the county was composed of the following religious communities:^[2]

Total:

• Greek Catholic: 220,817 (71.3%)
• Jewish: 56,006 (18.1%)
• Roman Catholic: 23,430 (7.6%)
• Calvinist: 8,918 (2.9%)
• Lutheran: 310 (0.1%)
• Eastern Orthodox: 88 (0.0%)
• Unitarian: 24 (0.0%)
• Other or unknown: 5 (0.0%)

1910

Ethnic map of the county with data of the 1910 census (see the key in the description).

In 1910, the county had a population of 357,705 people and was composed of the following linguistic communities:^[3]

Total:

• Ruthenian: 159,489 (44.6%)
• Romanian: 84,510 (23.6%)
• German: 59,552 (16.7%)
• Hungarian: 52,964 (14.8%)
• Slovak: 503 (0.1%)
• Croatian: 41 (0.0%)
• Serbian: 6 (0.0%)
• Other or unknown: 640 (0.2%)

According to the census of 1910, the county was composed of the following religious communities:^[4]

Total:

• Greek Catholic: 254,215 (71.1%)
• Jewish: 65,694 (18.4%)
• Roman Catholic: 26,204 (7.3%)
• Calvinist: 9,646 (2.7%)
• Eastern Orthodox: 1,437 (0.4%)
• Lutheran: 464 (0.1%)
• Unitarian: 42 (0.0%)
• Other or unknown: 3 (0.0%)

Subdivisions

In the early 20th century, the subdivisions of Máramaros county were:

Districts (járás)
District	Capital
Dolha	Dolha, UA Dovhe
Huszt	Huszt, UA Khust
Izavölgy	Dragomérfalva, RO Dragomireşti
Ökörmező	Ökörmező, UA Mizhhir'ya
Sugatag	Aknasugatag, RO Ocna Şugatag
Sziget	Máramarossziget, RO Sighetu Marmaţiei
Taracviz	Taracköz, UA Teresva
Técső	Técső, UA Tiachiv
Tiszavölgy	Rahó, UA Rakhiv
Visó	Felsővisó, RO Vişeu de Sus
Urban districts (rendezett tanácsú város)
Máramarossziget, RO Sighetu Marmaţiei

Rakhiv, Teresva, Tiachiv, Khust, Dovhe and Mizhhir'ya are now in Ukraine; Sighetu Marmaţiei, Ocna Şugatag, Dragomireşti and Vişeu de Sus are now in Romania.

References

1. "KlimoTheca :: Könyvtár". Kt.lib.pte.hu. Retrieved 2012-06-26.
2. "KlimoTheca :: Könyvtár". Kt.lib.pte.hu. Retrieved 2012-06-26.
3. "KlimoTheca :: Könyvtár". Kt.lib.pte.hu. Retrieved 2012-06-26.
4. "KlimoTheca :: Könyvtár". Kt.lib.pte.hu. Retrieved 2012-06-26.