MDH1

malate dehydrogenase 1, NAD (soluble)
Identifiers
Aliases	MDH1, HEL-S-32, MDH-s, MDHA, MGC:1375, MOR2
External IDs	MGI: 97051 HomoloGene: 4324 GeneCards: 4190
EC number	1.1.1.96
Gene ontology Molecular function • malic enzyme activity • oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-OH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor • oxidoreductase activity • protein binding • diiodophenylpyruvate reductase activity • malate dehydrogenase activity • NAD binding • L-malate dehydrogenase activity • catalytic activity Cellular component • cytosol • extracellular exosome • centrosome • myelin sheath • cytoplasm • mitochondrion • extracellular space Biological process • gluconeogenesis • xenophagy • glucose metabolic process • malate metabolic process • NAD metabolic process • carboxylic acid metabolic process • small molecule metabolic process • oxaloacetate metabolic process • mitophagy in response to mitochondrial depolarization • tricarboxylic acid cycle • carbohydrate metabolic process • NADH metabolic process • oxidation-reduction process • positive regulation of defense response to virus by host Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	4190	17449
Ensembl	ENSG00000014641	ENSMUSG00000020321
UniProt	P40925	P14152
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_005917 NM_001199111 NM_001199112 NM_001316374	NM_008618 NM_001316675
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001186040.1 NP_001186041.1 NP_005908.1 NP_001303303.1	NP_001303604.1 NP_032644.3
Location (UCSC)	Chr 2: 63.59 – 63.61 Mb	Chr 11: 21.56 – 21.57 Mb
PubMed search
Wikidata

View/Edit Human

View/Edit Mouse

Malate dehydrogenase, cytoplasmic also known as malate dehydrogenase 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the MDH1 gene.^[1]

Function

Malate dehydrogenase catalyzes the reversible oxidation of malate to oxaloacetate, utilizing the NAD/NADH cofactor system in the citric acid cycle. The protein encoded by this gene is localized to the cytoplasm and may play pivotal roles in the malate-aspartate shuttle that operates in the metabolic coordination between cytosol and mitochondria. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been found for this gene.^[1]

Interactive pathway map

Click on genes, proteins and metabolites below to link to respective articles. ^{[§ 1]}

[[File:

[[<div style="display:block; width:100px; height:0px; overflow:hidden; position:relative; left:222.5px; top:828px; background:transparent; border-top:3px blue solid"></div>]]

[[<div style="display:block; width:63.6666666666666px; height:0px; overflow:hidden; position:relative; left:695.6666666666667px; top:1197px; background:transparent; border-top:3px blue solid"></div>]]

[[<div style="display:block; width:100px; height:0px; overflow:hidden; position:relative; left:801.0px; top:1029.66666666667px; background:transparent; border-top:3px blue solid"></div>]]

[[<div style="display:block; width:60px; height:0px; overflow:hidden; position:relative; left:555.3333333333333px; top:991.166666666667px; background:transparent; border-top:3px blue solid"></div>]]

[[<div style="display:block; width:100px; height:0px; overflow:hidden; position:relative; left:386.0px; top:594px; background:transparent; border-top:3px blue solid"></div>]]

[[<div style="display:block; width:100px; height:0px; overflow:hidden; position:relative; left:723.0px; top:1086px; background:transparent; border-top:3px blue solid"></div>]]

[[<div style="display:block; width:60px; height:0px; overflow:hidden; position:relative; left:386.0px; top:140.655462184874px; background:transparent; border-top:3px blue solid"></div>]]

[[<div style="display:block; width:60px; height:0px; overflow:hidden; position:relative; left:386.9999999999999px; top:882.666666666667px; background:transparent; border-top:3px blue solid"></div>]]

[[<div style="display:block; width:100px; height:0px; overflow:hidden; position:relative; left:477.6500000000001px; top:942.5px; background:transparent; border-top:3px blue solid"></div>]]

[[<div style="display:block; width:60px; height:0px; overflow:hidden; position:relative; left:386.99999999999994px; top:432.616246498599px; background:transparent; border-top:3px blue solid"></div>]]

[[<div style="display:block; width:60px; height:0px; overflow:hidden; position:relative; left:384.8991596638656px; top:277.627450980392px; background:transparent; border-top:3px blue solid"></div>]]

[[<div style="display:block; width:60px; height:0px; overflow:hidden; position:relative; left:386.0px; top:200.655462184874px; background:transparent; border-top:3px blue solid"></div>]]

[[<div style="display:block; width:100px; height:0px; overflow:hidden; position:relative; left:222.5px; top:390.333333333333px; background:transparent; border-top:3px blue solid"></div>]]

[[<div style="display:block; width:63.6666666666666px; height:0px; overflow:hidden; position:relative; left:695.6666666666667px; top:1237px; background:transparent; border-top:3px blue solid"></div>]]

[[<div style="display:block; width:60px; height:0px; overflow:hidden; position:relative; left:386.99999999999994px; top:502.666666666667px; background:transparent; border-top:3px blue solid"></div>]]

[[<div style="display:block; width:60px; height:0px; overflow:hidden; position:relative; left:555.3333333333333px; top:891.666666666667px; background:transparent; border-top:3px blue solid"></div>]]

[[<div style="display:block; width:60px; height:0px; overflow:hidden; position:relative; left:322.9999999999999px; top:981.666666666668px; background:transparent; border-top:3px blue solid"></div>]]

[[<div style="display:block; width:63.6666666666666px; height:0px; overflow:hidden; position:relative; left:695.6666666666667px; top:1137px; background:transparent; border-top:3px blue solid"></div>]]

[[<div style="display:block; width:100px; height:0px; overflow:hidden; position:relative; left:222.5px; top:103.366666666667px; background:transparent; border-top:3px blue solid"></div>]]

[[<div style="display:block; width:100px; height:0px; overflow:hidden; position:relative; left:222.5px; top:315.274509803922px; background:transparent; border-top:3px blue solid"></div>]]

[[<div style="display:block; width:63.6666666666666px; height:0px; overflow:hidden; position:relative; left:695.6666666666667px; top:1157px; background:transparent; border-top:3px blue solid"></div>]]

[[<div style="display:block; width:60px; height:0px; overflow:hidden; position:relative; left:657.9999999999997px; top:992.333333333333px; background:transparent; border-top:3px blue solid"></div>]]

[[<div style="display:block; width:100px; height:0px; overflow:hidden; position:relative; left:222.5px; top:749px; background:transparent; border-top:3px blue solid"></div>]]

[[<div style="display:block; width:60px; height:0px; overflow:hidden; position:relative; left:386.9999999999999px; top:696.666666666667px; background:transparent; border-top:3px blue solid"></div>]]

[[<div style="display:block; width:60px; height:0px; overflow:hidden; position:relative; left:386.9999999999999px; top:843.666666666667px; background:transparent; border-top:3px blue solid"></div>]]

[[<div style="display:block; width:60px; height:0px; overflow:hidden; position:relative; left:386.99999999999994px; top:412.616246498599px; background:transparent; border-top:3px blue solid"></div>]]

[[<div style="display:block; width:100px; height:0px; overflow:hidden; position:relative; left:801.0000000000001px; top:945.5px; background:transparent; border-top:3px blue solid"></div>]]

[[<div style="display:block; width:60px; height:0px; overflow:hidden; position:relative; left:386.9999999999999px; top:862.666666666667px; background:transparent; border-top:3px blue solid"></div>]]

[[<div style="display:block; width:100px; height:0px; overflow:hidden; position:relative; left:222.5px; top:223.366666666667px; background:transparent; border-top:3px blue solid"></div>]]

[[<div style="display:block; width:63.6666666666666px; height:0px; overflow:hidden; position:relative; left:695.6666666666667px; top:1177px; background:transparent; border-top:3px blue solid"></div>]]

[[<div style="display:block; width:60px; height:0px; overflow:hidden; position:relative; left:386.99999999999994px; top:542.666666666667px; background:transparent; border-top:3px blue solid"></div>]]

[[<div style="display:block; width:100px; height:0px; overflow:hidden; position:relative; left:801.0px; top:844px; background:transparent; border-top:3px blue solid"></div>]]

[[<div style="display:block; width:100px; height:0px; overflow:hidden; position:relative; left:222.5px; top:470px; background:transparent; border-top:3px blue solid"></div>]]

[[<div style="display:block; width:100px; height:0px; overflow:hidden; position:relative; left:222.5px; top:894.366666666667px; background:transparent; border-top:3px blue solid"></div>]]

[[<div style="display:block; width:60px; height:0px; overflow:hidden; position:relative; left:872.3333333333333px; top:893.666666666667px; background:transparent; border-top:3px blue solid"></div>]]

[[<div style="display:block; width:100px; height:0px; overflow:hidden; position:relative; left:477.6500000000001px; top:844px; background:transparent; border-top:3px blue solid"></div>]]

[[<div style="display:block; width:60px; height:0px; overflow:hidden; position:relative; left:386.9999999999999px; top:716.666666666667px; background:transparent; border-top:3px blue solid"></div>]]

[[<div style="display:block; width:63.6666666666666px; height:0px; overflow:hidden; position:relative; left:695.6666666666667px; top:1217px; background:transparent; border-top:3px blue solid"></div>]]

[[<div style="display:block; width:100px; height:0px; overflow:hidden; position:relative; left:477.6500000000001px; top:1029.66666666667px; background:transparent; border-top:3px blue solid"></div>]]

[[<div style="display:block; width:100px; height:0px; overflow:hidden; position:relative; left:222.5px; top:669px; background:transparent; border-top:3px blue solid"></div>]]

[[<div style="display:block; width:100px; height:0px; overflow:hidden; position:relative; left:222.5px; top:1033.66666666667px; background:transparent; border-top:3px blue solid"></div>]]

[[<div style="display:block; width:60px; height:0px; overflow:hidden; position:relative; left:386.99999999999994px; top:522.666666666667px; background:transparent; border-top:3px blue solid"></div>]]

[[<div style="display:block; width:60px; height:0px; overflow:hidden; position:relative; left:386.0px; top:180.655462184874px; background:transparent; border-top:3px blue solid"></div>]]

[[<div style="display:block; width:60px; height:0px; overflow:hidden; position:relative; left:872.3333333333334px; top:992.166666666667px; background:transparent; border-top:3px blue solid"></div>]]

[[<div style="display:block; width:60px; height:0px; overflow:hidden; position:relative; left:329.33333333333303px; top:629.666666666666px; background:transparent; border-top:3px blue solid"></div>]]

[[<div style="display:block; width:100px; height:0px; overflow:hidden; position:relative; left:222.5px; top:588.616666666667px; background:transparent; border-top:3px blue solid"></div>]]

[[<div style="display:block; width:100px; height:0px; overflow:hidden; position:relative; left:773.5px; top:1270.7px; background:transparent; border-top:3px blue solid"></div>]]

[[<div style="display:block; width:60px; height:0px; overflow:hidden; position:relative; left:386.0px; top:160.655462184874px; background:transparent; border-top:3px blue solid"></div>]]

[[<div style="display:block; width:60px; height:0px; overflow:hidden; position:relative; left:386.9999999999999px; top:349.445378151261px; background:transparent; border-top:3px blue solid"></div>]]

[[<div style="display:block; width:60px; height:0px; overflow:hidden; position:relative; left:386.0px; top:120.655462184874px; background:transparent; border-top:3px blue solid"></div>]]

[[<div style="display:block; width:60px; height:0px; overflow:hidden; position:relative; left:119.22128851540629px; top:246.677871148459px; background:transparent; border-top:3px blue solid"></div>]]

[[<div style="display:block; width:60px; height:0px; overflow:hidden; position:relative; left:119.22128851540629px; top:306.67787114846px; background:transparent; border-top:3px blue solid"></div>]]

[[<div style="display:block; width:60px; height:0px; overflow:hidden; position:relative; left:119.22128851540629px; top:286.67787114846px; background:transparent; border-top:3px blue solid"></div>]]

[[<div style="display:block; width:60px; height:0px; overflow:hidden; position:relative; left:119.22128851540629px; top:266.67787114846px; background:transparent; border-top:3px blue solid"></div>]]

[[<div style="display:block; width:60px; height:0px; overflow:hidden; position:relative; left:117.66666666666674px; top:425.666666666666px; background:transparent; border-top:3px blue solid"></div>]]

[[<div style="display:block; width:60px; height:0px; overflow:hidden; position:relative; left:117.66666666666674px; top:405.666666666666px; background:transparent; border-top:3px blue solid"></div>]]

[[<div style="display:block; width:60px; height:0px; overflow:hidden; position:relative; left:117.66666666666674px; top:445.666666666666px; background:transparent; border-top:3px blue solid"></div>]]

[[<div style="display:block; width:63.3333333333333px; height:0px; overflow:hidden; position:relative; left:125.00000000000004px; top:616.333333333333px; background:transparent; border-top:3px blue solid"></div>]]

[[<div style="display:block; width:63.3333333333333px; height:0px; overflow:hidden; position:relative; left:125.00000000000004px; top:636.333333333333px; background:transparent; border-top:3px blue solid"></div>]]

[[<div style="display:block; width:60px; height:0px; overflow:hidden; position:relative; left:113.00000000000006px; top:799.333333333333px; background:transparent; border-top:3px blue solid"></div>]]

[[<div style="display:block; width:60px; height:0px; overflow:hidden; position:relative; left:113.00000000000006px; top:779.333333333333px; background:transparent; border-top:3px blue solid"></div>]]

[[<div style="display:block; width:60px; height:0px; overflow:hidden; position:relative; left:104.29411764705867px; top:952.333333333333px; background:transparent; border-top:3px blue solid"></div>]]

[[<div style="display:block; width:60px; height:0px; overflow:hidden; position:relative; left:104.29411764705867px; top:972.333333333333px; background:transparent; border-top:3px blue solid"></div>]]

[[<div style="display:block; width:60px; height:0px; overflow:hidden; position:relative; left:104.29411764705867px; top:932.333333333333px; background:transparent; border-top:3px blue solid"></div>]]

[[<div style="display:block; width:60px; height:0px; overflow:hidden; position:relative; left:89.0px; top:1044.66666666667px; background:transparent; border-top:3px blue solid"></div>]]

[[<div style="display:block; width:60px; height:0px; overflow:hidden; position:relative; left:89.0px; top:1064.66666666667px; background:transparent; border-top:3px blue solid"></div>]]

[[<div style="display:block; width:60px; height:0px; overflow:hidden; position:relative; left:89.0px; top:1104.66666666667px; background:transparent; border-top:3px blue solid"></div>]]

[[<div style="display:block; width:60px; height:0px; overflow:hidden; position:relative; left:89.0px; top:1084.66666666667px; background:transparent; border-top:3px blue solid"></div>]]

[[<div style="display:block; width:100px; height:0px; overflow:hidden; position:relative; left:197.3666666666667px; top:1129.36666666667px; background:transparent; border-top:3px blue solid"></div>]]

[[<div style="display:block; width:193px; height:0px; overflow:hidden; position:relative; left:539.9495798319327px; top:314.941176470588px; background:transparent; border-top:3px blue solid"></div>]]

[[<div style="display:block; width:163px; height:0px; overflow:hidden; position:relative; left:541.9495798319327px; top:358.941176470588px; background:transparent; border-top:3px green solid"></div>]]

[[<div style="display:block; width:95px; height:0px; overflow:hidden; position:relative; left:870.0px; top:1149px; background:transparent; border-top:3px blue solid"></div>]]

[[<div style="display:block; width:80px; height:0px; overflow:hidden; position:relative; left:593.0px; top:1076px; background:transparent; border-top:3px green solid"></div>]]

[[<div style="display:block; width:80px; height:0px; overflow:hidden; position:relative; left:593.0px; top:1096px; background:transparent; border-top:3px blue solid"></div>]]

[[

]]

|{{{bSize}}}px|alt=Glycolysis and Gluconeogenesis edit]]

Glycolysis and Gluconeogenesis edit

1. The interactive pathway map can be edited at WikiPathways: "GlycolysisGluconeogenesis_WP534".

References

1. "Entrez Gene: Malate dehydrogenase 1, NAD (soluble)".

Further reading

• Fahien LA, Laboy JI, Din ZZ, Prabhakar P, Budker T, Chobanian M (Apr 1999). "Ability of cytosolic malate dehydrogenase and lactate dehydrogenase to increase the ratio of NADPH to NADH oxidation by cytosolic glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase". Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 364 (2): 185–94. doi:10.1006/abbi.1999.1117. PMID 10190973.
• Kaltenbach LS, Romero E, Becklin RR, Chettier R, Bell R, Phansalkar A, Strand A, Torcassi C, Savage J, Hurlburt A, Cha GH, Ukani L, Chepanoske CL, Zhen Y, Sahasrabudhe S, Olson J, Kurschner C, Ellerby LM, Peltier JM, Botas J, Hughes RE (May 2007). "Huntingtin interacting proteins are genetic modifiers of neurodegeneration". PLoS Genetics 3 (5): e82. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.0030082. PMC 1866352. PMID 17500595.
• Rio Frio T, Panek S, Iseli C, Di Gioia SA, Kumar A, Gal A, Rivolta C (2009). "Ultra high throughput sequencing excludes MDH1 as candidate gene for RP28-linked retinitis pigmentosa". Molecular Vision 15: 2627–33. PMC 2790479. PMID 20011630.
• Tanaka T, Inazawa J, Nakamura Y (Feb 1996). "Molecular cloning and mapping of a human cDNA for cytosolic malate dehydrogenase (MDH1)". Genomics 32 (1): 128–30. doi:10.1006/geno.1996.0087. PMID 8786100.
• Friedrich CA, Ferrell RE, Siciliano MJ, Kitto GB (Jan 1988). "Biochemical and genetic identity of alpha-keto acid reductase and cytoplasmic malate dehydrogenase from human erythrocytes". Annals of Human Genetics 52 (Pt 1): 25–37. doi:10.1111/j.1469-1809.1988.tb01075.x. PMID 3052244.
• Chapman AD, Cortés A, Dafforn TR, Clarke AR, Brady RL (Jan 1999). "Structural basis of substrate specificity in malate dehydrogenases: crystal structure of a ternary complex of porcine cytoplasmic malate dehydrogenase, alpha-ketomalonate and tetrahydoNAD". Journal of Molecular Biology 285 (2): 703–12. doi:10.1006/jmbi.1998.2357. PMID 10075524.
• Martins-de-Souza D, Gattaz WF, Schmitt A, Maccarrone G, Hunyadi-Gulyás E, Eberlin MN, Souza GH, Marangoni S, Novello JC, Turck CW, Dias-Neto E (Jul 2009). "Proteomic analysis of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex indicates the involvement of cytoskeleton, oligodendrocyte, energy metabolism and new potential markers in schizophrenia". Journal of Psychiatric Research 43 (11): 978–86. doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2008.11.006. PMID 19110265.
• Kim EY, Kim WK, Kang HJ, Kim JH, Chung SJ, Seo YS, Park SG, Lee SC, Bae KH (Sep 2012). "Acetylation of malate dehydrogenase 1 promotes adipogenic differentiation via activating its enzymatic activity". Journal of Lipid Research 53 (9): 1864–76. doi:10.1194/jlr.M026567. PMC 3413227. PMID 22693256.
• Corbett JM, Wheeler CH, Baker CS, Yacoub MH, Dunn MJ (Nov 1994). "The human myocardial two-dimensional gel protein database: update 1994". Electrophoresis 15 (11): 1459–65. doi:10.1002/elps.11501501209. PMID 7895732.

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.