MacDonald of Glencoe

A romanticised Victorian-era illustration of a MacDonald of Glencoe clansman by R. R. McIan from The Clans of the Scottish Highlands published in 1845.

The MacDonalds of Glencoe also known as Clann Iain Abrach, was a Highland Scottish clan and a branch of the larger Clan Donald.

History

Origins of the clan

The founder of the MacDonalds of Glencoe was Iain Fraoch MacDonald (d. 1368) who was a younger son of Angus Og of Islay (d.1330), 5th chief of Clan Donald, who fought with King Robert the Bruce at the Battle of Bannockburn in 1314.[1]

Tradition records that Iain's marriage to the daughter of MacEanruig or MacHenry the 'head man' in Glencoe brought the MacDonalds these Glencoe lands. Glencoe was however an ever hostile environment where people were obliged by the sparseness of the soil to raid and steal cattle from their neighbours.

The Massacre of Glencoe

Memorial at Glencoe

The MacDonalds alliance to the Stuart cause made them more unpopular with the government. This led to the Massacre of Glencoe (Gaelic: Mort Ghlinne Comhann) in the early hours of the 13th of February 1692, where 38 unarmed MacDonalds were massacred by troops under Robert Campbell of Glenlyon from Clan Campbell. The massacre took place near the village of Glencoe (Gaelic: Gleann Comhann) and in various parts of Glencoe at Inverrigan, Invercoe, Carnoch, Auchnaion and Achtriochtan. Most of the clan, perhaps 300, did escape the initial slaughter only for some to die in the surrounding hills and mountains due to lack of food and shelter as their houses had been burned down.

The massacre was ordered upon them because of the Chief's failure to sign an oath of allegiance to King William III of England, Scotland and Ireland before 1 January 1692. However MacIain had intended to sign the oath but savage snow storms prevented him. Even though his attempt was known to the government they decided an example needed to be made and the massacre went ahead anyway.

18th century and Jacobite risings

The chief's sons had escaped the massacre at Glencoe and escaped into the snow, and although the clan was temporarily demoralised they fought in the 18th century for the House of Stuart during the Jacobite rising of 1715 at the Battle of Sherrifmuir and during the Jacobite rising of 1745 at the Battle of Prestonpans.

Clan Tartan

The clan's tartan is sold as MacIain/MacDonald of Glencoe but sometimes is often sold as MacDonald of Ardnamurchan through confusion of both clans being known as MacIains. There is a separate tartan known as the MacDonald of Glencoe, it is very different from the MacIan or the Ardnamuchan. This is the proper tartan for Glencoe and was found on the bodies exhumed in the 1800s for burial in consecrated ground. This is an ancient tartan and predates the Highland Clearances.

Disputed chiefship

The Cameron Henry of Penicuik is currently claiming clan chief through ancestry by sept Henry. They are represented by the High Chief of Clan Donald. Currently there are 4 contenders for MacDonald of Glencoe Chiefship.The families descended from James Cameron of Madagascar are as well preparing a claim. It is anticipated that this matter will be settled by Lord Lyon King of Arms in the next few years.

Septs of the Clan

The list of Septs of the Clan MacDonald of Glencoe is:

Culp, Henderson, Hendrie, Hendry, Henry, Johnson, Kean, Keene, MacDonald, MacGilp, MacHendrie, MacHendry, MacHenry, MacIan, MacKean, MacKillop, MacPhilip, Moor, Philip, Philp[2][3]

Notes

  1. ↑ The Family Tree of the Lords of the Isles - Finlaggan Trust
  2. ↑ Scots Kith and Kin, Revised Second Edition; published by Albyn Press LTD, Edinburgh, p. 65
  3. ↑ http://johnmoorefamily.org/info_john_moor_1.htm

See also

External links

This article is issued from Wikipedia - version of the Sunday, April 17, 2016. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike but additional terms may apply for the media files.