Macroscopic quantum state

A macroscopic quantum state is a state of matter in which macroscopic properties, such as mechanical motion,[1] thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity[2] and viscosity, can be described only by quantum mechanics rather than merely classical mechanics.[3] This occurs primarily at low temperatures where there is little thermal motion present to mask the quantum nature of a substance.

Macroscopic quantum phenomena can emerge from coherent states of superfluids and superconductors.[4] Quantum states of motion have been directly observed in a macroscopic mechanical resonator (see quantum machine).

References

  1. ↑ A. D. O’Connell, M. Hofheinz, M. Ansmann, R. C. Bialczak, M. Lenander, E. Lucero, M. Neeley, D. Sank, H. Wang, M. Weides, J. Wenner, J. M. Martinis, and A. N. Cleland. Quantum ground state and single-phonon control of a mechanical resonator. Nature, 464:697–703, April 2010.
  2. ↑ M. Ansmann, H. Wang, R. C. Bialczak, M. Hofheinz, E. Lucero, M. Neeley, A. D. O’Connell, D. Sank, M. Weides, J. Wenner, A. N. Cleland, John M. Martinis. Violation of Bell’s inequality in Josephson phase qubits. Nature, 461:504-506 September 2009.
  3. ↑ Jaeger, Gregg (September 2014). "What in the (quantum) world is macroscopic?". American Journal of Physics 82 (9): 896–905. Bibcode:2014AmJPh..82..896J. doi:10.1119/1.4878358.
  4. ↑ Jaeger, Gregg (September 2014). "What in the (quantum) world is macroscopic?". American Journal of Physics 82 (9): 896–905. Bibcode:2014AmJPh..82..896J. doi:10.1119/1.4878358.


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