Magnocellular red nucleus

Magnocellular red nucleus
Identifiers
NeuroLex ID	Magnocellular part of red nucleus
*Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy* [edit on Wikidata]

This article is about the magnocellular red nucleus. For other uses, see Magnocellular.

The magnocellular red nucleus (RNm) is located in the rostral midbrain and is involved in motor coordination. Together with the parvocellular red nucleus, it makes up the red nucleus.^[1]

References

↑ Yamaguchi K, Goto N (August 2006). "Development of the human magnocellular red nucleus: a morphological study". Brain Dev. 28 (7): 431–5. doi:10.1016/j.braindev.2006.01.001. PMID 16516425.

External links

Stained brain slice images which include the "Red nucleus" at the BrainMaps project

Anatomy of the midbrain

Tectum
(Dorsal)

Surface	Corpora quadrigemina: Inferior colliculus Brachium Superior colliculus Brachium

Grey matter	Pretectal area

White: Sensory/ascending	Spinotectal tract Central tegmental tract

White: Motor/descending	Tectospinal tract

Peduncle
(Ventral)

Tegmentum

White: Sensory/ascending

White: Motor/descending

Grey: cranial nuclei

Grey: other

Periaqueductal gray Raphe nuclei dorsal

Ventral tegmental area Pedunculopontine nucleus Red nucleus

Rostral interstitial nucleus of medial longitudinal fasciculus

Ventricular system

Cerebral aqueduct

Base

White: Motor/descending	Cerebral crus: Corticospinal tract Corticobulbar tract Corticopontine tract/Frontopontine fibers/Temporopontine fibers

Grey: Substantia nigra	Pars compacta Pars reticulata

Surface	Superior cerebellar peduncle Decussation Interpeduncular fossa

Brain and spinal cord: neural tracts and fasciculi

Sensory/
ascending

PCML

1°:	Pacinian corpuscle/Meissner's corpuscle → Posterior column (Gracile fasciculus/Cuneate fasciculus) → Gracile nucleus/Cuneate nucleus

2°:	→ sensory decussation/arcuate fibers (Posterior external arcuate fibers, Internal arcuate fibers) → Medial lemniscus/Trigeminal lemniscus → Thalamus (VPL, VPM)

3°:	→ Posterior limb of internal capsule → Postcentral gyrus

Anterolateral/
pain

Fast/lateral	1° (Free nerve ending → A delta fiber) → 2° (Anterior white commissure → Lateral and Anterior Spinothalamic tract → Spinal lemniscus → VPL of Thalamus) → 3° (Postcentral gyrus) → 4° (Posterior parietal cortex) 2° (Spinomesencephalic tract → Superior colliculus of Midbrain tectum)

Slow/medial	1° (Group C nerve fiber → Spinoreticular tract → Reticular formation) → 2° (MD of Thalamus) → 3° (Cingulate cortex)

Motor/
descending

Pyramidal

flexion: Primary motor cortex → Posterior limb of internal capsule → Decussation of pyramids → Corticospinal tract (Lateral, Anterior) → Neuromuscular junction

Extrapyramidal

flexion:	Primary motor cortex → Genu of internal capsule → Corticobulbar tract → Facial motor nucleus → Facial muscles

flexion:	Red nucleus → Rubrospinal tract

extension:	Vestibulocerebellum → Vestibular nuclei → Vestibulospinal tract

extension:	Vestibulocerebellum → Reticular formation → Reticulospinal tract

Midbrain tectum → Tectospinal tract → muscles of neck

Basal ganglia

direct:	1° (Motor cortex → Striatum) → 2° (GPi) → 3° (Lenticular fasciculus/Ansa lenticularis → Thalamic fasciculus → VL of Thalamus) → 4° (Thalamocortical radiations → Supplementary motor area) → 5° (Motor cortex)

indirect:	1° (Motor cortex → Striatum) → 2° (GPe) → 3° (Subthalamic fasciculus → Subthalamic nucleus) → 4° (Subthalamic fasciculus → GPi) → 5° (Lenticular fasciculus/Ansa lenticularis → Thalamic fasciculus → VL of Thalamus) → 6° (Thalamocortical radiations → Supplementary motor area) → 7° (Motor cortex)

nigrostriatal pathway:	Pars compacta → Striatum

Cerebellar

Afferent

Vestibular nuclei → Vestibulocerebellar tract → ICP → Cerebellum → Granule cell

Pontine nuclei → Pontocerebellar fibers → MCP → Deep cerebellar nuclei → Granule cell

Inferior olivary nucleus → Olivocerebellar tract → ICP → Hemisphere → Purkinje cell → Deep cerebellar nuclei

Efferent

Dentate nucleus in Lateral hemisphere/pontocerebellum → SCP → Dentatothalamic tract → Thalamus (VL) → Motor cortex

Interposed nucleus in Intermediate hemisphere/spinocerebellum → SCP → Reticular formation, or → Cerebellothalamic tract → Red nucleus → Thalamus (VL) → Motor cortex

Fastigial nucleus in Flocculonodular lobe/vestibulocerebellum → Vestibulocerebellar tract → Vestibular nuclei

Bidirectional:
Spinocerebellar

Unconscious proprioception	lower limb → 1° (muscle spindles → DRG) → 2° (Posterior thoracic nucleus → Dorsal/posterior spinocerebellar tract → ICP → Cerebellar vermis) upper limb → 1° (muscle spindles → DRG) → 2° (Accessory cuneate nucleus → Cuneocerebellar tract → ICP → Anterior lobe of cerebellum)

Reflex arc	lower limb → 1° (Golgi tendon organ) → 2° (Ventral/anterior spinocerebellar tract→ SCP → Cerebellar vermis) upper limb → 1° (Golgi tendon organ) → 2° (Rostral spinocerebellar tract → ICP → Cerebellum)

This article is issued from Wikipedia - version of the Thursday, January 08, 2015. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike but additional terms may apply for the media files.