Cayetana Fitz-James Stuart, 18th Duchess of Alba

Cayetana Fitz-James Stuart
18th Duchess of Alba (more...)
The Duchess in 2006.
Duchess of Alba
Tenure	18 February 1955 – 20 November 2014
Predecessor	Jacobo Fitz-James Stuart, 17th Duke of Alba
Successor	Carlos Fitz-James Stuart, 19th Duke of Alba
Spouse(s)	Luis Martínez de Irujo y Artázcoz (m. 1947; dec. 1972) Jesús Aguirre y Ortiz de Zárate (m. 1978; dec. 2001) Alfonso Díez Carabantes (m. 2011)
Issue Carlos Fitz-James Stuart, 19th Duke of Alba Alfonso Martínez de Irujo, 15th Duke of Aliaga Jacobo Fitz-James Stuart, 23rd Count of Siruela Fernando Martínez de Irujo, 11th Marquis of San Vicente del Barco Cayetano Martínez de Irujo, 13th Count of Salvatierra Eugenia Martínez de Irujo, 12th Duchess of Montoro
Full name María del Rosario Cayetana Paloma Alfonsa Victoria Eugenia Fernanda Teresa Francisca de Paula Lourdes Antonia Josefa Fausta Rita Castor Dorotea Santa Esperanza Fitz-James Stuart, Silva, Falcó y Gurtubay
Family	House of Alba First House of FitzJames
Father	Jacobo Fitz-James Stuart, 17th Duke of Alba
Mother	María del Rosario de Silva, 9th Marchioness of San Vicente del Barco
Born	28 March 1926 Liria Palace, Madrid, Spain
Baptised	18 April 1926 Royal Chapel, Royal Palace of Madrid
Died	20 November 2014 (aged 88) Palace of the Dukes of Alba, Seville, Spain
Religion	Roman Catholicism

Doña María del Rosario Cayetana Fitz-James Stuart y de Silva, 18th Duchess of Alba de Tormes, Grandee of Spain (28 March 1926 – 20 November 2014), was head of the House of Alba and the third woman to hold the title in her own right.

Born at Liria Palace on 28 March 1926, she was the only child of the 17th Duke of Alba (a prominent Spanish politician and diplomat during the 1930s and 1940s) by his wife, María del Rosario de Silva y Gurtubay, 9th Marchioness of San Vicente del Barco. Her godmother was the Queen Consort of Spain, Victoria Eugenie of Battenberg, wife of Alfonso XIII de Borbón, King of Spain.

As head of the dynasty, she was styled by her most senior title of Duchess of Alba, whilst holding over 40 other hereditary titles.^[1] According to Guinness World Records, she was the most titled aristocrat in the world.^[2]

Via her descent from James FitzJames, she was King James II of England's senior illegitimate descendant.

She was inducted into Vanity Fair's International Best Dressed List Hall of Fame^[3] in 2011

Life and family

On 12 October 1947, the Duchess married Don Luis Martínez de Irujo y Artázcoz (1919–1972), son of the Duke of Sotomayor.^[4] The wedding in Spain, just after the Second World War, is considered to be one of the last great weddings of European nobility and attracted the attention of the international media. The New York Times called it "the most expensive wedding of the world."^[5] It was reported that 20 million pesetas (€7,644,678 equivalent in 2014) was spent at that time. Six children were born of this marriage, who were all conferred noble titles by their mother, in accordance with Spanish Royal protocol, including the rank of Grandee of Spain.

• Carlos Fitz-James Stuart, 14th Duke of Huéscar, later 19th Duke of Alba (born 2 October 1948, Madrid). In 1988, he married Matilde Solís-Beaumont y Martínez-Campos, but they later divorced. Together they had two children:
  • Fernando Juan Fitz-James Stuart y Solís (born 14 September 1990 at Madrid).
  • Carlos Arturo José María Fitz-James Stuart y Solís (born 29 November 1991 at Madrid).
• Alfonso Martínez de Irujo y Fitz-James Stuart, 19th Duke of Híjar (born 22 October 1950, Madrid). On 4 July 1977 he married Princess María de la Santísima Trinidad of Hohenlohe-Langenburg (born 8 April 1957), whom he later divorced. Together they have two children:
  • Luis Martínez de Irujo y Hohenlohe-Langenburg (born 29 May 1978), 19th Duque of Aliaga.
  • Javier Martínez de Irujo y Hohenlohe-Langenburg (born 9 January 1981), 19th Marquess of Almenara. He married sherry heiress Inés Domecq y Fernández-Govantes in 2008.^[6] They have two children.
    • Sol Martínez de Irujo y Domecq (born 2011).^[7]
    • Alfonso Martínez de Irujo y Domecq (born 2013).^[8]
• Jacobo Fitz-James Stuart y Martínez de Irujo, 23rd Count of Siruela (born 15 July 1954, Madrid). On 1 November 1980, he married María Eugenia Fernández de Castro y Fernández-Shaw (born 15 October 1954), but they later divorced. He remarried journalist, editor and writer Inka Martí Kiemann in April 2004. Jacobo and María Eugenia have two children:
  • Jacobo Fitz-James Stuart y Fernández de Castro (born 23 January 1981). He married Asela Pilar Pérez Becerril on 14 May 2011.^[9] Co-owners of an art gallery. They had a daughter and a son.
    • Asela Fitz-James Stuart y Pérez (born 2012).
    • Jacobo Fitz-James Stuart y Pérez (born 2015).^[10][11]
  • Brianda Eugenia Fitz-James Stuart y Fernández de Castro (born 11 April 1984).
• Fernando Martínez de Irujo y Fitz-James Stuart, 11th Marquis of San Vicente del Barco (born 11 July 1959).
• Cayetano Martínez de Irujo y Fitz-James Stuart, 4th Duke of Arjona, 13th Count of Salvatierra (born 4 April 1963, Madrid). In October 2005, after a five-year relationship, he married Genoveva Casanova y González from Mexico (daughter of Kenneth Larry Casanova and his first wife Mariana González y Reimann). They separated in 2007, but have twin children:
  • Luis Martínez de Irujo y Casanova (born 25 October 2001).
  • Amina Martínez de Irujo y Casanova (born 25 October 2001).
• Eugenia Martínez de Irujo, 12th Duchess of Montoro, born 26 November 1968. On 23 October 1998, she married bullfighter Francisco Rivera Ordóñez of the Ordóñez bullfighting dynasty. The couple divorced in 2002. They have one child:
  • Cayetana Rivera y Martínez de Irujo (born 16 October 1999).

After becoming a widow, the Duchess remarried on 16 March 1978 to Jesús Aguirre y Ortiz de Zárate (1934–2001), a Doctor of Theology and a former Jesuit priest. The wedding caused shock; Aguirre was illegitimate, which was scandalous in 1970s Spain.^[12] Eight years younger than the Duchess, he maintained a good relationship with her children. During their marriage he administered, with his stepson Carlos, the Alba estates.^[13] Aguirre died in 2001.

Details emerged in 2008 regarding the Duchess's intention to marry Alfonso Díez Carabantes, a civil servant who also runs a public relations business, 24 years her junior. It was reported that there were objections from her children and from King Juan Carlos, and the House of Alba that year issued a statement saying that the relationship "was based on a long friendship and there are no plans to marry".^[12][14] The duchess decided to proceed with the marriage, overcoming her children's opposition by giving them their inheritance in advance. The duchess's fortune included ancient palaces throughout Spain, paintings by old and modern masters (from Fra Angelico, Titian and Goya to Renoir and Marc Chagall), a first-edition copy of Cervantes's Don Quixote, letters written by Christopher Columbus, and huge tracts of land; her wealth was estimated at between €600 million and €3.5 billion.^[1] Díez formally renounced any claim to her wealth.^[12] They married on 5 October 2011 at the Palacio de las Dueñas in Seville.^[15] The Duchess, whose passions included flamenco, performed a quick few steps of the dance in front of the crowds that had gathered outside the palace on the day of the wedding.^[16]

As a socialite, the duchess met famous VIPs from Spain and abroad. Jackie Kennedy visited her Seville palace, as did Wallis Simpson, Grace Kelly and Prince Rainier of Monaco. In 1959 the duchess hosted one Dior show for charitable purposes in her Liria Palace in Madrid, together with designer Yves Saint Laurent. Movie stars such as Charlton Heston, Sophia Loren, Audrey Hepburn and Raf Vallone visited Liria Palace. In her youth the duchess posed for Richard Avedon and Cecil Beaton and she appeared on the cover of Time and Harper's Bazaar.

The Duchess's titles included that of Duchess of Berwick and she was a direct descendant of King James II and a distant relative of Winston Churchill and Diana, Princess of Wales.^[16] The mother of the first duke of Berwick was Arabella Churchill, sister of the first duke of Marlborough, John Churchill. In 1802 after the death of the 13th duchess, who was childless, the dukedom passed to her relative, the duke of Berwick, a Spanish nobleman.

Death

The Duchess died in the Palacio de las Dueñas on November 20, 2014, at the age of 88. She was survived by her last husband, her six children, nine grandchildren and three great-grandchildren.^[17] She was succeeded by her son Carlos Fitz-James Stuart, 14th Duke of Huéscar, who thus became the 19th Duke of Alba.

Funeral

After her death the Duchess' body was laid in repose at the Town Hall, where thousands of Sevillans paid their last respects. Pictures of the Duchess with her family were placed at her coffin. The King of Spain telephoned her son to pay his respects and sent two flower crowns to Seville. The Lord Mayor said that the flags of the city would be lowered in mourning. Msgrs. Juan José Asenjo and Curro Romero, and Mr. Rajoy also formally paid their respects.^[18] Her funeral was held at Seville Cathedral by Msgr. Carlos Amigo Vallejo where the Royal Family were represented by the Infanta Elena.^[19]

Titles, styles and honours

Titles

Coat of arms of Cayetana, 18th Duchess of Alba.

Dukedoms

• 18th Duchess of Alba, Grandee of Spain
• 15th Duchess of Aliaga, Grandee of Spain -Ceded to her son Don Alfonso
• 13th Duchess of Almazán, Grandee of Spain -obtained in 2013
• 4th Duchess of Arjona, Grandee of Spain -Ceded to her son Don Cayetano^[20]
• 11th Duchess of Berwick, Grandee of Spain
• 17th Duchess of Híjar, Grandee of Spain -Ceded to her son Don Alfonso^[21]
• 11th Duchess of Liria and Jérica, Grandee of Spain
• 11th Duchess of Montoro, Grandee of Spain -Ceded to her daughter Doña Eugenia

Count-Dukedoms

• 12th Countess-Duchess of Olivares, Grandee of Spain

Marquessates

• 17th Marquise of the Carpio, Grandee of Spain
• 10th Marquise of San Vicente del Barco, Grandee of Spain -Ceded to her son Don Fernando
• 16th Marquise of La Algaba
• 16th Marquise of Almenara -Ceded to her son Don Alfonso^[22]
• 18th Marquise of Barcarrota
• 10th Marquise of Castañeda
• 23rd Marquise of Coria
• 14th Marquise of Eliche
• 16th Marquise of Mirallo
• 20th Marquise of la Mota
• 20th Marquise of Moya
• 17th Marquise of Orani -Ceded to her son Don Alfonso^[23]
• 12th Marquise of Osera
• 14th Marquise of San Leonardo
• 19th Marquise of Sarria
• 12th Marquise of Tarazona
• 15th Marquise of Valdunquillo
• 18th Marquise of Villanueva del Fresno
• 17th Marquise of Villanueva del Río

Countships

• 27th Countess of Aranda, Grandee of Spain -Ceded to her son Don Alfonso^[24]
• 22nd Countess of Lemos, Grandee of Spain
• 20th Countess of Lerín, Grandee of Spain, Constabless of Navarre
• 20th Countess of Miranda del Castañar, Grandee of Spain
• 16th Countess of Monterrey, Grandee of Spain
• 20th Countess of Osorno, Grandee of Spain
• 18th Countess of Palma del Río, Grandee of Spain -Ceded to her son Don Alfonso^[25]
• 12th Countess of Salvatierra, Grandee of Spain -Ceded to her son Don Cayetano
• 22nd Countess of Siruela, Grandee of Spain -Ceded to her son Don Jacobo
• 19th Countess of Andrade
• 14th Countess of Ayala
• 16th Countess of Casarrubios del Monte
• 16th Countess of Fuentes de Valdepero
• 11th Countess of Fuentidueña
• 17th Countess of Galve
• 18th Countess of Gelves
• 16th Countess of Guimerá -Ceded to her son Don Alfonso^[26]
• 21st Countess of Modica (Kingdom of Sicily)
• 24th Countess of Ribadeo -Ceded to her son Don Alfonso^[27]
• 25th Countess of San Esteban de Gormaz
• 12th Countess of Santa Cruz de la Sierra
• 20th Countess of Villalba

Viscountcies

• 12th Viscountess of la Calzada

Manorial lordships

• 29th Lady of Moguer

Styles

• 28 March 1926 – 11 January 1935: The Most Excellent Doña Mª del Rosario Cayetana Fitz-James Stuart y Silva
• 11 January 1935 – 28 January 1947: The Most Excellent The Duchess of Aliaga
• 28 January 1947 – 18 February 1955: The Most Excellent The Duchess of Montoro
• 18 February 1955 – 20 November 2014: The Most Excellent The Duchess of Alba de Tormes

Honours

National honours

•  Spain: Knight Grand Cross of the Royal Order of Isabella the Catholic^[28][29]
•  Spain: Knight Grand Cross of the Civil Order of Alfonso X, the Wise^[30][31][32]
•  Spain: Knight of the Royal and Military Order of Saint Hermenegild^[33]
•  Spain: Knight Grand Cross of the Order of Alcántara^[34]
•  Spain: Knight Grand Cross of the Civil Order of Charity^[35]
•  Spain: Knight Grand Cross of the Civil Order of Agricultural Merit^[36]
•  Spain Recipient of the Medal of Andalusia^[37][38]
•  Spain: Recipient of the Medal of Concepción^[39]
•  Spain: Recipient of the Medal of Línea^[40]
•  Spain: Recipient of the Medal of The Community of Madrid^[41]
•  Spain: Former Grand Master Recipient of the Medal of The Spanish Red Cross^[42]
•  Spain: Recipient of the Medal of Suffering for the Motherland

Foreign honours

• Greek royal family: Dame Grand Cross of the Order of Beneficence^[43][44]
• House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies Dame Grand Cross of Justice of the Calabrian Two Sicilian Order of Saint George^[43][45][46]
•  Japan: Wisteria Dame of the Order of the Precious Crown, 4th Class^[47]

Honorary appointments

National honorary appointments

•  Castilla-La Mancha: Marshal of Castilla-La Mancha^[48]
•  Aragon: Constable of Aragon^[49]
• Llíria: Honorary Mayor of Llíria^[50]
•  Seville: Knight of the Royal Cavalry Armory of Seville^[51][52]
•  Spain: Honorary President of the Spanish Red Cross^[53]
•  Spain: Honorary President of the Spanish National Orchestra^[54]
•  Spain: Honorary President of the Real Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando^[55]

Foreign honorary appointments

•  United States: Member of the Hispanic Society of America^[56]
•  United States: Member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences

Ancestry

Ancestors of Cayetana Fitz-James Stuart, 18th Duchess of Alba

16. Carlos Miguel Fitz-James Stuart, 14th Duke of Alba               8. Jacobo Fitz-James Stuart, 15th Duke of Alba                       17. Rosalía Ventimiglia di Grammonte               4. Carlos María Fitz-James Stuart, 16th Duke of Alba                             18. Cipriano de Palafox, 9th Count of Montijo               9. María Francisca de Palafox, 10th Countess of Montijo                       19. María Manuela Kirkpatrick de Closeburn y Grivegnée               2. Jacobo Fitz-James Stuart, 17th Duke of Alba                                   20. Juan Falcó, 13th Marquis of Castel Rodrigo               10. Manuel Falcó, 14th Marquis of Almonacid de los Oteros                       21. Carolina d'Adda               5. María del Rosario Falcó, 20th Countess of Siruela                             22. Felipe Osorio, 7th Count of Cervellón               11. María del Pilar Osorio, 3rd Duchess of Fernán-Núñez                       23. Francisca de Asís Gutiérrez de los Ríos, 2nd Duchess of Fernán-Núñez               1. Cayetana Fitz-James Stuart, 18th Duchess of Alba                                         24. Andrés de Silva, 13th Duke of Aliaga               12. Alfonso de Silva, 15th Duke of Híjar                       25. María Isabel Campbell y Vicent               6. Alfonso de Silva, 16th Duke of Híjar                             26. Luis Fernández de Córdoba, 15th Duke of Medinaceli               13. María del Dulce Nombre Fernández de Córdoba y Pérez de Barradas                       27. Ángela Pérez de Barradas, 1st Duchess of Denia and Tarifa               3. María del Rosario de Silva, 9th Marquise of San Vicente del Barco                                   28. Simón Gurtubay y Zubero               14. Juan Cruz Gurtubay y Meaza                       29. Rosalía Meaza y Basterra               7. María del Rosario Gurtubay y González de Castejón, Lady-in-waiting                             30. Luis González de Castejón y Gil-Delgado               15. Adelaida González de Castejón y Torre                       31. Adelaida Torre de Lequerica y Uríbarri

Patrilineal descent

Cayetana's patriline is the line from which she is descended via her father's direct male lineage, father to son. Patrilineal descent is the principle behind membership in Ducal Houses, as it can be traced back through the generations – which means that Cayetana's historically accurate House name is FitzJames-Stuart. Alan, Hereditary Steward of Dol, Brittany b. circa 1000 Flaald, Hereditary Steward of Dol, in Brittany, 1035–1106 Alan fitz Flaad, d. 1114 Walter fitz Alan, 1st High Steward of Scotland, 1106–1177 Alan fitz Walter, 2nd High Steward of Scotland, 1140–1204 Walter Stewart, 3rd High Steward of Scotland, d. 1246 Alexander Stewart, 4th High Steward of Scotland, 1214–1283 Sir John Stewart, d. 1298 Sir Alan Stewart, d. 1333 Sir Alexander Stewart, d. 1374 Sir Alexander Stewart, d. 1404 Sir John Stewart, 1st Lord Aubigny, 1370–1429 Sir Alan Stuart of Darnley, d. 1409 John Stewart, 1st Earl of Lennox, 1430–1495 Matthew Stewart, 2nd Earl of Lennox, 1460(?)–1513 John Stewart, 3rd Earl of Lennox, 1490–1526 Matthew Stewart, 4th Earl of Lennox, 1516–1571 Henry Stuart, 1st Duke of Albany, 1545–1567 James I of England, 1566–1625 Charles I of England, 1600–1649 James II of England, 1633–1701 James FitzJames, 1st Duke of Berwick, 1670–1734 James Fitz-James Stuart, 2nd Duke of Berwick, 1696–1738 James Fitz-James Stuart, 3rd Duke of Berwick, 1718–1785 Carlos Fitz-James Stuart, 4th Duke of Liria and Jérica, 1752–1787 Jacobo Fitz-James Stuart, 5th Duke of Liria and Jérica, 1773–1794 Carlos Miguel Fitz-James Stuart, 14th Duke of Alba, 1794–1835 Jacobo Fitz-James Stuart, 15th Duke of Alba, 1821–1881 Carlos María Fitz-James Stuart, 16th Duke of Alba, 1849–1901 Jacobo Fitz-James Stuart, 17th Duke of Alba, 1878–1953 Cayetana Fitz-James Stuart, 18th Duchess of Alba, 1926–2014

References

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2. Burgen, Stephen (7 August 2011). "Spanish duchess gives away fortune in order to marry civil servant". The Guardian. Retrieved 23 September 2011.
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40. "Grupo Diario Area » Último adiós a la Duquesa de Alba, Medalla de Oro de La Línea". grupodiarioarea.es.
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External links

• House of Híjar
• Euskomedia
• The Late Duchess of Alba audio clip of name.
• Obituary in The Independent by Marcus Williamson