Maria Anna Sophia of Saxony

Maria Anna Sophia of Saxony (Maria Anna Sophia Sabina Angela Franciska Xaveria; 29 August 1728 – 17 February 1797) was a daughter of King Augustus III of Poland and his wife Maria Josepha of Austria who became Electress of Bavaria.

Biography

In all, her parents had fifteen children; her most notable siblings were Frederick Christian, Elector of Saxony, Queen Maria Amalia of Spain and Maria Josepha, Dauphine of France, the mother of Kings Louis XVI, Louis XVIII, and Charles X of France.

She was married to the Bavarian Elector Maximilian III Joseph in 1747.

Having no children of her own, Maria Anna negotiated with Frederick II of Prussia after her husband's death in 1777 to secure Bavaria's independence against Austria and to support the succession rights of the Wittelsbach branch Palatinate Zweibrücken-Birkenfeld in Bavaria when the new Elector Charles Theodore attempted to cede Lower Bavaria to Austria. A secret treaty with Holy Roman Emperor Joseph II had been concluded. In exchange for Lower Bavaria, Charles Theodore was to receive the Austrian Netherlands (close to his ancestral domains), the Palatinate (already his patrimony), Jülich and Berg.

These plans failed with the War of the Bavarian Succession in 1778, in which the Prussian king stifled the Austrian attempts to exchange the Austrian Netherlands for Bavaria. When Emperor Joseph II tried the scheme again in 1784, Frederick created the Fürstenbund.

After her husband died, Maria Anna Sophia spent the rest of her life in Fürstenried Palace and enjoyed the gratitude of the Bavarian people and the heirs of the Zweibrücken branch: Charles II, Duke of Zweibrücken, and his brother Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria, who finally succeeded Charles Theodore in 1799.

Ancestry

Ancestors of Maria Anna Sophia of Saxony

16. John George II, Elector of Saxony

8. John George III, Elector of Saxony

17. Magdalene Sibylle of Brandenburg-Bayreuth

4. Augustus II of Poland

18. Frederick III of Denmark

9. Anne Sophie of Denmark

19. Sophie Amalie of Brunswick-Lüneburg

2. Augustus III of Poland

20. Erdmann August of Brandenburg-Bayreuth

10. Christian Ernst, Margrave of Brandenburg-Bayreuth

21. Sophie of Brandenburg-Ansbach

5. Christiane Eberhardine of Brandenburg-Bayreuth

22. Eberhard III, Duke of Württemberg

11. Sofie Luise of Württemberg

23. Anna Katharina of Salm-Kyrburg

1. Maria Anna Sophia of Saxony

24. Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor

12. Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor

25. Maria Anna of Spain

6. Joseph I, Holy Roman Emperor

26. Philipp Wilhelm, Elector Palatine

13. Eleonore-Magdalena of Neuburg

27. Landgravine Elisabeth Amalie of Hesse-Darmstadt

3. Maria Josepha of Austria

28. George, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg

14. John Frederick, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg

29. Anne Eleonore of Hesse-Darmstadt

7. Wilhelmina Amalia of Brunswick

30. Edward, Count Palatine of Simmern

15. Benedicta-Henrietta of Simmern

31. Anna Gonzaga

Titles, styles, honours and arms

Titles and styles

29 August 1728 – 9 July 1747: Her Serene Highness Princess Maria Anna Sophia of Saxony
9 July 1747 – 30 December 1777: Her Serene Highness The Electress of Bavaria
30 December 1777 – 17 February 1797: Her Serene Highness The Dowager Electress of Bavaria

Princesses of Saxony by birth

The generations are numbered from the ascension of Frederick I as Elector of Saxony in 1423.

1st generation	Princess Katharina Anna, Landgravine of Hesse Katharina, Electress of Brandenburg

2nd generation	Amalia, Duchess of Bavaria-Landshut Anna, Electress of Brandenburg Margarete, Princess-Abbess of Seusslitz Margaret, Electress of Brandenburg Margarete, Countess of Glatz Hedwig, Princess-Abbess of Quedlinburg

3rd generation	Christina, Queen of the Kalmar Union Katharina, Archduchess of Further Austria Margarete, Duchess of Brunswick-Lüneburg Princess Anna

4th generation	Princess Anna Princess Agnes Christine, Landgravine of Hesse Magdalena, Electoral Princess of Brandeburg Princess Margarete Sibylle, Duchess of Saxe-Lauenburg Marie, Duchess of Pomerania-Wolgast Emilie, Margravine of Brandenburg-Ansbach Sidonie, Duchess of Brunswick-Kalenberg Princess Margarete

5th generation	Anna, Princess of Orange Princess Eleonore Elisabeth, Countess Palatine Johann Casimir of Simmern Princess Marie Dorothea, Duchess of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel Princess Amalie Anna, Duchess of Saxe-Eisenach

6th generation	Princess Anna Sabine Sophie, Duchess of Pomerania Princess Elisabeth Dorothea, Princess-Abbess of Quedlinburg

7th generation	Sophia Eleonore, Landgravine of Hesse-Darmstadt Marie Elisabeth, Duchess of Holstein-Gottorp Magdalene Sibylle, Princess Elect of Denmark and Norway

8th generation	Princess Sibylle Marie Erdmuthe Sophie, Margravine of Brandenburg-Bayreuth

9th generation	none

10th generation	none

11th generation	Maria Amalia, Queen of Spain¹ Princess Maria Margaretha¹ Maria Anna Sophia, Electress of Bavaria¹ Maria Josepha, Dauphine of France¹ Maria Christina, Abbess of Remiremont¹ Princess Maria Elisabeth¹ Maria Kunigunde, Abbess of Essen¹

12th generation	Maria Amalia, Duchess of Zweibrücken Princess Maria Anna Princess Maria Theresia Maria Christina, Princess of Carignan

13th generation	Princess Maria Augusta, "Infanta of Poland" Princess Amalie Princess Maria Ludovika Maria Ferdinanda, Grand Duchess of Tuscany Princess Maria Johanna Princess Maria Theresia Maria Anna, Grand Duchess of Tuscany Maria Josepha Amalia, Queen of Spain

14th generation	Princess Maria Elisabeth, Duchess of Genoa Princess Sidonia Anna, Hereditary Grand Duchess of Tuscany Margaretha, Archduchess Charles Louis of Austria Sophie, Duchess Karl Theodor in Bavaria

15th generation	Princess Maria Princess Elisabeth Princess Mathilde Maria Josepha, Archduchess Otto Francis of Austria

16th generation	Princess Maria Margarete Karola, Princess of Hohenzollern Maria Alix, Princess of Hohenzollern-Emden Anna, Archduchess Joseph Francis of Austria

17th generation	Princess Maria Josepha Anna de Afif, Princess of Gessaphe Mathilde, Princess Johannes Heinrich of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha

18th generation	Princess Iris

19th generation	none

20th generation	Princess Anna-Catharina

¹ princes royal of Poland and Lithuania

Electresses of Bavaria

Princess Elisabeth of Lorraine (1623–1635)
Archduchess Maria Anna of Austria (1635–1651)
Princess Henriette Adelaide of Savoy (1651–1676)
Archduchess Maria Antonia of Austria (1685–1692)
Theresa Kunegunda Sobieska (1695–1726)
Archduchess Maria Amalia of Austria (1726–1745)
Princess Maria Anna Sophia of Saxony (1747–1777)
Countess Palatine Elisabeth Auguste of Sulzbach (1777–1794)
Archduchess Maria Leopoldine of Austria-Este (1795–1799)
Princess Caroline of Baden (1799–1806)

Authority control	WorldCat VIAF: 20472653 GND: 118577824

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