Maria Beatrice d'Este, Duchess of Massa

Maria Beatrice d’Este (Italian: Maria Beatrice Ricciarda; 7 April 1750 – 14 November 1829) was heiress of Modena and Reggio as well as the sovereign of Massa and Carrara from 1790 until 1797 and from 1816 until her death in 1829.

Biography

Maria Beatrice was born in Modena, the eldest child of two monarchs, Ercole III d'Este, Duke of Modena and Maria Teresa Cybo-Malaspina, reigning duchess of Massa and princess of Carrara.

Maria Beatrice of Modena and her husband Archduke Ferdinand

Her parents' marriage was unhappy and they lived separated from each other; they only produced two children: Maria Beatrice, born on 7 April 1750 and Rinaldo Francesco, born on 4 January 1753. The death of Rinaldo aged four months old (5 May 1753) led to Maria being acknowledged as an heiress. Her paternal ancestors included Louis XIII of France and Philippe d'Orléans, Regent of France for Louis XV. Her maternal ancestors were members of the House of Cybo-Malaspina, members of the Italian nobility.

As heiress to four states (Modena, Reggio, Massa and Carrara), she was a very attractive wedding partner. Empress Maria Theresa sought to arrange a marriage between Maria Beatrice and the Archduke Leopold (future Holy Roman Emperor) but this never materialised. Instead she married Leopold's brother, Archduke Ferdinand of Austria, in a union through which the Austrians aimed to expand their influence in Italy.

The couple was engaged from 1754. As the children were so young, the marriage was not celebrated till 1771 when a ceremony in Milan on 15 October officially united them. Festivities arranged for this occasion included the operas Ascanio in Alba by Mozart and Il Ruggiero by Johann Adolph Hasse.

The couple moved between Modena and Milan, where they lived in the Royal palace. As the Duchy of Modena did not allow female succession, Maria Beatrice's rights to the throne of Modena and Reggio passed to her son when her father died. When her mother died in 1790, however, she succeeded her as Duchess of Massa and Carrara. After the French conquest of Northern Italy, she spent her life mostly in Austria and left the rule to administrators. By her marriage, the House of Austria-Este was created, a cadet branch of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine, which ruled Modena between 1814 and 1859. After Maria Beatrice d'Este's death at Vienna in 1829, Massa and Carrara were added to the Duchy of Modena.

Issue

Name	Lifespan	Notes
Archduke Josef Franz	1772- 1772	Died in infancy
Archduchess Maria Theresa Queen of Sardinia	1773- 1832	Married Victor Emmanuel I of Sardinia and had issue
Archduchess Josepha	1775- 1777	Died in infancy
Archduchess Maria Leopoldine Electress of Bavaria	1776- 1848	Married first Charles Theodore, Elector of Bavaria no issue; married second Ludwig Count of Arco, had issue,
Francis IV Duke of Modena	1779- 1846	Married Maria Beatrice of Savoy and had issue
Archduke Ferdinand Karl Joseph Commander-in-Chief of the Austrian army during the Napoleonic Wars	1781- 1850	Died unmarried
Archduke Maximilian Joseph Grand Master of the Teutonic Knights	1782- 1863	Died unmarried;
Archduchess Maria Antonia	1784- 1786	Died in infancy
Archduke Karl Ambrosius Archbishop of Esztergom	1785- 1809	Died unmarried;
Archduchess Maria Ludovika Empress of Austria	1787- 1816	Married her cousin Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor and had no issue

Ancestry

Ancestors of Maria Beatrice d'Este, Duchess of Massa

16. Francesco I d'Este, Duke of Modena

8. Rinaldo III, Duke of Modena

17. Lucrezia Barberini

4. Francesco III d'Este, Duke of Modena

18. John Frederick, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg

9. Charlotte Felicity of Brunswick-Lüneburg

19. Benedicta Henrietta of the Palatinate

2. Ercole III d'Este, Duke of Modena

20. Philippe I, Duke of Orléans

10. Philippe d'Orléans, Duke of Orléans

21. Elizabeth Charlotte of the Palatinate

5. Charlotte Aglaé d'Orléans

22. Louis XIV of France

11. Françoise Marie de Bourbon, Legitimée de France

23. Athénaïs de Rochechouart de Mortemart

1. Maria Beatrice d'Este

24. Alberico II Cybo-Malaspina, Duke of Massa

12. Carlo II Cibo-Malaspina, Duke of Massa

25. Fulvia Pico de Mirandola

6. Alderano I Cybo-Malaspina, Duke of Massa

26. Camillo Francesco Maria Pamphili, Prince of Valmontone

13. Teresa Pamfili

27. Olimpia Aldobrandini, Princess of Meldola & Rossano

3. Maria Teresa Cibo-Malaspina, Duchess of Massa

28. Alfonso II Gonzaga, Count of Novellara

14. Camillo III Gonzaga, Count of Novellara

29. Ricciarda Cybo-Malaspina, Princess of Massa

7. Ricciarda Gonzaga

30. Sigismondo III d'Este, Marquess of San Martino

15. Matilde d'Este

31. Teresa Maria Grimaldi

External links

Media related to Maria Beatrice Ricciarda d'Este at Wikimedia Commons

Regnal titles
Preceded by Maria Teresa	Duchess of Massa and Carrara 1790-1797	Cisalpine Republic
Cisalpine Republic	Duchess of Massa and Carrara 1815-1829	Succeeded by Francis

Princesses of Modena

Generations start from Ercole I d'Este, first Duke of Modena

1st generation	Isabella, Marchioness of Mantua Beatrice, Duchess of Milan Princess Caterina Princess Angela Caterina

2nd generation	Princess Leonora Princess Isabella Maria

3rd generation	Anna, Duchess of Guise, Duchess of Nemours Lucrezia, Duchess of Urbino Princess Eleonora Princess Angela Caterina

4th generation	Princess Julia Maria Laura, Duchess of Mirandola Princess Caterina Princess Angela Caterina

5th generation	Princess Caterina Maria Margarete, Duchess of Guastalla Princess Beatrice Princess Beatrice Anna Beatrice, Duchess of Mirandola Ippolita, Lady of Montecchio and Scandiano

6th generation	Isabella, Duchess of Parma Princess Leonore Princess Eleonore Maria, Duchess of Parma Princess Vittoria Matilde, Countess of Novellara Maria Angela Caterina, Princess of Carignan Princess Julia Princess Julia

7th generation	Maria Beatrice, Queen of England Princess Benedetta Amalia, Marchioness of Villeneuf Enrichetta, Duchess of Parma

8th generation	Maria Teresa Felicitas, Duchess of Penthièvre Princess Mathilde Maria Fortunata, Princess of Conti Maria Anna, Princess of Paliano

9th generation	Maria Beatrice, Duchess of Massa

10th generation	Maria Theresa, Queen of Sardinia* Princess Josepha* Maria Leopoldine, Electress of Bavaria* Princess Maria Antonia* Maria Ludovika, Empress of Austria*

11th generation	Maria Theresa, Duchess of Orléans* Maria Beatrix, Countess of Montizón*

12th generation	Princess Anna Beatrice* Maria Theresa, Queen of Bavaria*

* also Archduchess of Austria

Austrian archduchesses by marriage

1st generation	Eleanor of Portugal Mechthild of Germany Eleanor of Scotland Catherine of Saxony

2nd generation	Mary, Duchess of Burgundy Anne, Duchess of Brittany Bianca Maria Sforza

3rd generation	Joanna of Castile

4th generation	Infanta Isabella of Portugal Anna of Bohemia and Hungary

5th generation	Maria Manuela, Princess of Portugal* Mary I of England* Infanta Maria of Spain^ Anne Juliana Gonzaga Duchess Maria Anna of Bavaria

6th generation	Archduchess Anna of Austria^ Isabella Clara Eugenia^ Duchess Maria Anna of Bavaria Eleonora Gonzaga Claudia de' Medici

7th generation	Princess Elisabeth of France* Archduchess Maria Ana of Spain^ Archduchess Maria Leopoldine of Austria^ Eleonora Gonzaga Anna de' Medici Countess Palatine Hedwig of Sulzbach

8th generation	Archduchess Margaret Theresa of Austria^ Archduchess Claudia Felicitas of Austria^ Countess Palatine Eleonor Magdalene of Neuburg

9th generation	Princess Wilhelmina Amalia of Brunswick-Lüneburg Princess Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel

10th generation	none

11th generation	Princess Isabella of Parma Princess Maria Josepha of Bavaria Infanta Maria Luisa of Spain Maria Beatrice d'Este, Duchess of Massa

12th generation	Duchess Elisabeth of Württemberg Princess Maria Theresa of Naples and Sicily Princess Luisa of Naples and Sicily Princess Henrietta of Nassau-Weilburg Grand Duchess Alexandra Pavlovna of Russia Princess Hermine of Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg-Hoym Duchess Maria Dorothea of Württemberg Princess Elisabeth of Savoy Princess Maria Beatrice of Savoy***

13th generation	Princess Sophie of Bavaria Princess Maria Anna of Saxony Princess Hildegard of Bavaria Archduchess Elisabeth Franziska of Austria^ Princess Clotilde of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha Princess Adelgunde of Bavaria*

14th generation	Princess Charlotte of Belgium Princess Margaretha of Saxony Princess Maria Annunciata of the Two Sicilies Infanta Maria Theresa of Portugal Princess Anna of Saxony Princess Alice of Parma Princess Maria Immaculata of the Two Sicilies** Princess Isabella of Croÿ Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria^ Princess Auguste Maria of Bavaria

15th generation	Princess Stéphanie of Belgium Princess Maria Josepha of Saxony Princess Maria Cristina of the Two Sicilies Princess Blanca of Bourbon Archduchess Marie Valerie of Austria^** Princess Anna of Saxony

16th generation	Princess Zita of Parma Princess Franziska of Hohenlohe-Waldenburg-Schillingsfürst Princess Dorothea of Bavaria Countess Marie Valerie of Waldburg-Zeil-Hohenems Princess Rosemary of Salm-Salm Countess Maria Theresa of Waldburg-Zeil Princess Maria of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg Princess Christina of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg

17th generation	Princess Regina of Saxe-Meiningen Princess Margherita of Savoy* Princess Anne Eugénie of Arenberg Princess Yolande of Ligne Countess Xenia Czernicheva-Besobrasova Princess Anna Gabriele of Wrede Countess Helena of Toerring-Jettenbach Countess Ludmilla of Gallen Princess Laetitia of Arenberg Countess Margaret Kálnoky von Köröspatak Maria Espinosa de los Monteros^^ Countess Valerie of Podstatzky-Lichtenstein Freiin Eva Antonia von Hofmann Princess Anna Amelie of Schönburg-Waldenburg Countess Hedwig of Lichem-Löwenburg Freiin Edith von Sternbach** Princess Margarite of Hohenberg Countess Marie Christine von Hatzfeldt-Dönhoff Eugenia de Calonge^^ Freiin Maria Theresia von Gudenus

18th generation	Freiin Francesca Thyssen-Bornemisza de Kászon et Impérfalva Duchess Eilika of Oldenburg Princess Astrid of Belgium* Princess Katharina of Isenburg-Birstein* Bettine Götz^^ Paola de Temesváry^^ Baroness Marie Hélène de Villenfagne de Vogelsanck Princess Marie Astrid of Luxembourg Princess Alexandra of Wrede Princess María of the Two Sicilies Sara Maya Al-Askari^^ Mayasuni Heath^^ Countess Katharina of Hardenberg Ashmita Goswami^^ Elyssa Edmonstone^^ Countess Marie Gabrielle of Waldstein Eugenia de Calonje Gurrea^^ María Gabriela Montenegro Villamizar^^ Iris Jandrasits^^

19th generation	Nobile Elisabetta Maria Rosboch von Wolkenstein*** Estelle de Saint-Romain Kathleen Elizabeth Walker^^ Adélaïde Drapé-Frisch^^

* also an infanta of Spain by marriage ** also a princess of Tuscany by marriage *** also a princess of Modena by marriage ^also an archduchess of Austria in her own right ^^did not have a royal or noble title by birth

Tuscan princesses by marriage

1st Generation	Archduchess Joanna of Austria Eleonora di Garzia di Toledo

2nd Generation	Archduchess Maria Magdalena of Austria

3rd Generation	none

4th Generation	Marguerite Louise d'Orléans Eleonora Luisa Gonzaga

5th Generation	Duchess Violante Beatrice of Bavaria Duchess Anna Maria Franziska of Saxe-Lauenburg

6th Generation	none

7th Generation	Princess Isabella of Parma* Princess Maria Josepha of Bavaria* Infanta Maria Luisa of Spain* Maria Beatrice d'Este, Duchess of Massa*

8th Generation	Duchess Elisabeth of Württemberg* Princess Maria Theresa of Naples and Sicily* Princess Luisa of Naples and Sicily* Princess Henrietta of Nassau-Weilburg* Grand Duchess Alexandra Pavlovna of Russia* Princess Hermine of Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg-Hoym* Duchess Maria Dorothea of Württemberg* Princess Elisabeth of Savoy*

9th Generation	Princess Maria Anna of Saxony*

10th Generation	Princess Anna of Saxony* Princess Maria Immaculata of the Two Sicilies*

11th Generation	Princess Maria Cristina of the Two Sicilies* Infanta Blanca of Spain* Archduchess Marie Valerie of Austria*

12th Generation	Princess Dorothea of Bavaria* Countess Marie Valerie of Waldburg-Zeil-Hohenems* Princess Rosemary of Salm-Salm* Countess Maria Theresa of Waldburg-Zeil*

13th Generation	Princess Laetitia of Arenberg* Countess Margaret Kálnoky von Köröspatak* Maria Espinosa de los Monteros^* Countess Valerie of Podstatzky-Lichtenstein* Freiin Eva Antonia von Hofmann* Princess Anna Amelie of Schönburg-Waldenburg* Countess Hedwig of Lichem-Löwenburg* Freiin Edith von Sternbach*

14th Generation	Elyssa Edmonstone^* Countess Marie Gabrielle of Waldstein*

^did not have a royal or noble title by birth * also an archduchess of Austria by marriage

Authority control	WorldCat Identities VIAF: 263016151 LCCN: n85208402 GND: 123055113 SUDOC: 183891724 BNF: cb15055297v (data)

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