Marian Farquharson
| Marian Farquharson | |
|---|---|
| Born |
2 July 1846 West Meon, Hampshire, England |
| Died |
20 April 1912 (aged 65) Nice, France |
| Resting place | Alford, Aberdeenshire |
| Residence | Scotland |
| Education | at home |
| Spouse(s) | Robert Francis Ogilvie Farquharson (m. 1883; died 1890) |
| Parent(s) |
|
Marian Sarah Ogilvie Farquharson, FLS, FRMS (née Ridley, 2 July 1846 – 20 April 1912) was a British naturalist and women's rights activist. The first female Fellow of the Royal Microscopical Society, Farquharson is best remembered for her campaign of women rights to full fellowship of learned societies.
Early life
Marian Sarah Ridley was born on 2 July 1846 in West Meon, Hampshire, England, the eldest daughter of Reverend Nicholas James Ridley and Frances Joucriet (d. 1901). Educated at home with lessons in London, she joined the Epping Forest and Essex Naturalists' Field Club in 1881. That same year, her book A Pocket Guide to British Ferns was published.
In 1883, she married Robert Francis Ogilvie Farquharson from near Alford, Aberdeenshire, where she moved. Farquharson continued her interest in natural history while in Scotland, publishing two articles in the Scottish Naturalist. In 1885, she was elected the first female Fellow of the Royal Microscopical Society. Despite this, as a woman she was prohibited to attend any of its meetings or vote on Society's matters.
Women's rights
After her husband's death in 1890, Farquharson began active campaigning for women's rights for full fellowship and participation of learned societies. She founded and was president of the Scottish Association for Promotion of Women's Public Work.
In 1900, Farquharson sent a letter petitioning the Royal Society and the Linnean Society of London that "duly qualified women should have the advantages of full fellowship in scientific and other learned societies". The Linnean Society initially refused to accept the petition with the excuse that it could only accept one through one of its fellows. After its former president John Lubbock, 1st Baron Avebury resubmitted the petition on her behalf, the society eventually declined the proposal on the basis that it was doubtful its royal charter could be applied to women. A similar reply was also given by the Royal Society.[1]
The following year, Farquharson petition of the Linnean Society intensified under it finally agreed for the petition to go before its fellows. In 1903, the Society decided to seek a supplementary charter from the King explicitly allowing women fellows. A ballot of fifteen women for fellowship finally took place in December 1904, where all but Farquharson were elected. Farquharson was not elected to the Society until 1908 when her nomination was resubmitted. However, as a result of her health, she never signed the Society's roll for admission dying in Nice on 20 April 1912.
Works
- A Pocket Guide to British Ferns (1881) (online)
- Notes on mosses of the north of Scotland in Scottish Naturalist, vol. 8, 1885–1886, p. 381 (online)
- Ferns and mosses of the Alford district in Scottish Naturalist, vol. 10, 1889–1890, pp. 193–198
References
- General
- Gina Douglas (May 2010). "Farquharson , Marian Sarah (1846–1912)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/55777. Retrieved 25 October 2012.
- Stevens, Catherine M. C. Haines with Helen M. (2001). International women in science : a biographical dictionary to 1950. Santa Barbara, Calif. [u.a.]: ABC-CLIO. p. 95. ISBN 978-1576070901.
- Specific
- ↑ Mason, J. (1 January 1995). "The Women Fellows' Jubilee". Notes and Records of the Royal Society: 125–140. doi:10.1098/rsnr.1995.0009.