Marj

For other uses, see Marj (disambiguation).
Marj
المرج
El Merj
City

Old (above) and new city (below)
Marj

Location in Libya

Coordinates: 32°29′12″N 20°50′02″E / 32.48667°N 20.83389°E / 32.48667; 20.83389Coordinates: 32°29′12″N 20°50′02″E / 32.48667°N 20.83389°E / 32.48667; 20.83389
Libya  Libya
Region Cyrenaica
District Marj
Elevation[1] 333 m (1,093 ft)
Population (2004)[1]
 • Total 85,315
Time zone UTC + 2

Marj /ˈmɑːrdʒ/ (Arabic: المرج‎ Al Marǧ, English: The Meadows), also spelt El Merj, generally believed to be on the site of the ancient city of Barca or Barce, is a city in northeastern Libya and the administrative seat of the Marj District.[2] It lies in an upland valley separated from the Mediterranean Sea by a range of hills, part of the Jebel Akhdar Mountains.

It has an estimated population of 85,315 (As of 2004).[1] There are a couple of banks on the main street and the main post office is in the city centre, not far from the Abu Bakr Assiddiq mosque.[3]

History

Abi Zar al Ghifari mosque in Marj.
Damage during the earthquake in 1963.

According to most archeologists, Marj marks the site of the ancient city of Barca, which, however, according to Alexander Graham, was at Tolmeita (Ptolemais).[4]

Marj grew around a Turkish fort built in 1842 and now restored. During the colonial dominance of Libya (1913–41), the town was called Barce and was developed as an administrative and market centre and hill resort.

During the World War II North African campaign, the 1st Field Regiment, Royal Australian Artillery won a battle for the region of Barce on 5 February 1941. The regiment commemorates this battle by naming the facilities at its base at Enoggera as Barce Lines.

From 1942–1943, the town was the capital of British-occupied Cyrenaica.[5]

Most of it was destroyed[3] by a 5.6 earthquake on 21 February 1963,[6] which killed some 300 people and injured 500 more.[7] Major rebuilding was undertaken about 5 km (3.1 mi) from the old site, and was completed about 1970.

Notes

  1. 1 2 3 Wolfram Alpha
  2. ↑ Room, Adrian (2006) "Al Marj" Placenames of the world: origins and meanings of the names for 6,600 countries, cities, territories, natural features, and historic sites (2nd edition) McFarland, Jefferson, North Carolina, p. 26, ISBN 0-7864-2248-3
  3. 1 2 Pliez, Olivier (ed.) (2009) "Al Marj" Le Petit Futé Libye Petit Futé, Paris, p. 237, ISBN 2-7469-2276-2; in French
  4. ↑ Graham, Alexander (1902) Roman Africa: an outline of the history of the Roman occupation of North Africa, based chiefly upon inscriptions and monumental remains in that country Longmans, Green, and Co., London, p. 312, OCLC 2735641
  5. ↑ Stewart, John (1996) "Cyrenaica" The British Empire: an encyclopedia of the Crown's holdings, 1493 through 1995 McFarland & Co., Jefferson, North Carolina, p. 125, ISBN 0-7864-0177-X
  6. ↑ Earthquake at USGS
  7. ↑ Hewitt, Kenneth (1983) "Seismic Risk and Mountain Environments: The Role of Surface Conditions in Earthquake Disaster" Mountain Research and Development 3(1): pp. 27-44, p. 30

Further reading

See also

External links

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