Masarjawaih

For the 5th generetion Jewish Amora sage of Babylon, see Rav Mesharshiya.

Māsarjawaih (ماسرجويه) was one of the earliest Jewish physicians in the Arab world, and the earliest translator from the Syriac; he lived in Basra about 683 (Anno Hegirae 64). His name, distorted, has been transmitted in European sources; it has not yet been satisfactorily explained. Neuda (in "Orient, Lit." vi. 132) compares the name "Masarjawaih" with the Hebrew proper name "Mesharsheya"; but the ending "-waih" points to a Persian origin. The form "Masarjis" has been compared with the Christian proper name "Mar Serjis"; but it is not known that Masarjis embraced either Christianity or Islam.

Masarjawaih's son, who also was a translator, and was the author of two treatises (on colors and on foods), was called "'Isa", that is, "Jesus"; which name, of course, points to the fact that this son had been converted to Christianity.

Masarjawaih translated the medical Pandects of the archdeacon or presbyter Aaron of Alexandria (fl. c. 610-641) from the Syriac into Arabic and added to the thirty chapters of this translation two of his own. This is believed to be the first scientific book to have been translated into Arabic. He also wrote in Arabic two treatises, "The Virtues of Foods, Their Advantage and Their Disadvantage", and "The Virtues of the Medicinal Plants, Their Advantage and Their Disadvantage". None of these three writings has been preserved. Their contents, however, are known to a certain extent by quotations. How much Masarjawaih added to the translation of Aaron's pandects can hardly be decided, as the works themselves are preserved in fragments only.

Resources

Gottheil, Richard and Max Schloessinger. "Masarjawaih". Jewish Encyclopedia. Funk and Wagnalls, 1901-1906; which gives the following bibliography:

Steinschneider, in Z. D. M. G. liii. 428 et seq.;
idem, Die Arabische Literatur, § 16, pp. 13 et seq.G. M. Sc.

References

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Jewish Encyclopedia. 1901–1906.

Medicine in the medieval Islamic world

Physicians

7th century	Al-Harith ibn Kalada and his son Abu Hafsa Yazid Bukhtishu Masarjawaih Ibn Abi Ramtha al-Tamimi Rufaida Al-Aslamia Ibn Uthal

8th century	Bukhtishu family Ja'far al-Sadiq

9th century	Ali al-Ridha Albubather Bukhtishu family Jabril ibn Bukhtishu Jābir ibn Hayyān Hunayn ibn Ishaq and his son Yahya ibn Sarafyun Al-Kindi Masawaiyh Shapur ibn Sahl Ali ibn Sahl Rabban al-Tabari Al-Ruhawi Yuhanna ibn Bukhtishu Salmawaih ibn Bunan

10th century	Qusta ibn Luqa Abu ul-Ala Shirazi Abul Hasan al-Tabari Al-Natili Qumri Abu Zayd al-Balkhi Isaac Israeli ben Solomon 'Ali ibn al-'Abbas al-Majusi Abu Sahl 'Isa ibn Yahya al-Masihi Muvaffak Muhammad ibn Zakariya al-Razi Ibn Juljul Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi Ibn al-Jazzar Al-Kaŝkarī Ibn Abi al-Ashʿath Ibn al-Batriq Ibrahim ibn Baks

11th century	Abu 'Ubayd al-Juzjani Alhazen Ali ibn Ridwan Avicenna Ephraim ibn al-Za'faran Ibn al-Wafid Abdollah ibn Bukhtishu Ibn Butlan Ibn al-Kattani Ibn Jazla Masawaih al-Mardini Ali ibn Yusuf al-Ilaqi Ibn Al-Thahabi Ibn Abi Sadiq Ali ibn Isa al-Kahhal

12th century	Abu al-Bayan ibn al-Mudawwar Ahmad ibn Farrokh Ibn Hubal Zayn al-Din Gorgani Maimonides Serapion the Younger Ibn Zuhr Ya'qub ibn Ishaq al-Israili Abu Jafar ibn Harun al-Turjali Averroes Ibn Tufail Al-Ghafiqi Ibn Abi al-Hakam Abu'l-Barakāt al-Baghdādī Al-Samawal al-Maghribi Ibn al-Tilmīdh Ibn Jumay‘

13th century	Sa'ad al-Dawla Al-Shahrazuri Rashidun al-Suri Amin al-Din Rashid al-Din Vatvat Abraham ben Moses ben Maimon Da'ud Abu al-Fadl Al-Dakhwar Ibn Abi Usaibia Joseph ben Judah of Ceuta Abd al-Latif al-Baghdadi (medieval writer) Ibn al-Nafis Zakariya al-Qazwini Najib ad-Din-e-Samarqandi Qutb al-Din al-Shirazi Ibn al-Quff

14th century	Muhammad ibn Mahmud Amuli Al-Nagawri Aqsara'i Zayn-e-Attar Mansur ibn Ilyas Jaghmini Mas‘ud ibn Muhammad Sijzi Najm al-Din Mahmud ibn Ilyas al-Shirazi Nakhshabi Sadid al-Din al-Kazaruni Yusuf ibn Ismail al-Kutubi Ibn al-Khatib Rashid-al-Din Hamadani

15th century	Abu Sa'id al-Afif Muhammad Ali Astarabadi Husayni Isfahani Burhan-ud-din Kermani Şerafeddin Sabuncuoğlu Muhammad ibn Yusuf al-Harawi Nurbakhshi Shaykh Muhammad ibn Thaleb

16th century	Hakim-e-Gilani Abul Qasim ibn Mohammed al-Ghassani Taqi ad-Din Muhammad ibn Ma'ruf Dawud al-Antaki

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Ancient Greek medicine

Influenced

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Masarjawaih

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