Media Matters for America

Media Matters for America
Formation May 3, 2004 (2004-05-03)
Founder David Brock
Founded at Washington, D.C.
Type 501(c)(3) nonprofit
President
 Bradley Beychok
Affiliations American Bridge 21st Century Super PAC, Media Matters Action Network (501(c)(4))
Revenue (2013)
$12,549,513[1]
Expenses (2013) $11,201,222[1]
Mission "Monitoring, analyzing, and correcting conservative misinformation in the U.S. media."
Website mediamatters.org

Media Matters for America (MMfA) is a politically progressive media watchdog in the United States. The organization has a stated mission of "comprehensively monitoring, analyzing, and correcting conservative misinformation in the U.S. media".[2][3] Set up as a tax-exempt, nonprofit organization, MMfA was founded in 2004 by journalist and political activist David Brock as a counterweight to the conservative Media Research Center.[4] It is known for its aggressive criticism of conservative journalists and media outlets, including its "War on Fox News."[5][6]

Founding

Media Matters for America was founded in May 2004 by David Brock, a former conservative journalist who became a liberal. Brock said that he founded the organization to combat the conservative journalism sector that he had once been a part of. He founded the group with help from the Center for American Progress. Initial donors included Leo Hindery, Susie Tompkins Buell, and James Hormel.[4]

Organization overview

Research

Media Matters analyzes American news sources including NBC, ABC, CBS, PBS, CNN, MSNBC, CNBC, and Fox News Channel. Its techniques include content analysis, fact checking, monitoring, and comparison of quotes or presentations from media figures to primary documents such as Pentagon or Government Accountability Office reports.[7]

Beginning in 2006, Media Matters for America has released a number of studies which contend that Democrats and progressives are outnumbered by Republicans and conservatives in terms of guest appearances on television news programs.[8]

On September 12, 2007, Media Matters released its study of 1,377 U.S. newspapers and the 201 syndicated political columnists the papers carry on a regular basis. Media Matters said "in paper after paper, state after state, and region after region, conservative syndicated columnists get more space than their progressive counterparts."[9]

John Diaz, editorial page editor of the San Francisco Chronicle, said by over-factoring conservative columns in smaller newspapers, Media Matters' study had overestimated how many conservative columns appeared in daily newspapers. Diaz said Media Matters had obscured the nuanced ideological positions of some columnists classified in the study as conservative.[10]

An annual feature on the Media Matters website is the title of "Misinformer of the Year", which is given to the journalist, commentator, or network that Media Matters believes was responsible for the most factual errors or claims.[11] Recipients of this award have included: Bill O'Reilly, Chris Matthews, ABC, Sean Hannity, Glenn Beck, Sarah Palin, Rupert Murdoch, Rush Limbaugh, CBS News, and George Will.

Funding

MMfA started with the help of $2 million in donations. According to Byron York, additional funding came from MoveOn.org and the New Democrat Network.[12][13][14]

In 2004, MMfA received the endorsement of the Democracy Alliance, a partnership of wealthy and politically active progressive donors. The Alliance itself does not fund endorsees, but many wealthy Alliance members acted on the endorsement and donated directly to MMfA.[15][16][17]

Media Matters has a policy of not comprehensively listing donors. In 2010, six years after the Democracy Alliance initially endorsed MMfA, financier George Soros — a founding and continuing member of the Alliance — announced that he was donating $1 million to MMfA. Soros said his concern over "recent evidence suggesting that the incendiary rhetoric of Fox News hosts may incite violence" had moved him to donate to MMfA.[18][19] During a 2014 CNN interview, David Brock stated that Soros' contributions were "less than 10 percent" of Media Matters' budget.[20] According to Politico: "Media Matters, however has received funding from or formed partnerships with several groups that Soros funds or has funded. These include the Tides Foundation, Democracy Alliance, Moveon.org and the Center for American Progress.”[21]

Personnel

John Podesta, former chief of staff to President Bill Clinton, provided office space for Media Matters early in its formation at the Center for American Progress, a Democratic think tank which Podesta established in 2002.[22] Hillary Clinton advised Media Matters in its early stages out of a belief that progressives should follow conservatives in forming think tanks and advocacy groups to support their political goals.[22][23] According to the New York Times, Media Matters "helped lay the groundwork" for Hillary Clinton's 2016 presidential campaign.[24]

Media Matters has hired numerous political professionals who had worked for Democratic politicians and for other progressive groups.[14][25] In 2004, National Review referred to MMfA staffers who had recently worked on the presidential campaigns of John Edwards and Wesley Clark, for Congressman Barney Frank, and for the Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee.[14]

Eric E. Burns served as MMfA's president until 2011.[26] Burns was succeeded by Matt Butler, and then, in 2013, by the organization's current president, Bradley Beychok.[27]

In 2014, the staff of Media Matters voted to join the Service Employees International Union (SEIU). Media Matters management had declined to recognize the union through a card check process, instead exercising its right to force a union election.[28][29][30]

Initiatives

Established to "incubate a new generation of liberal pundits", the Progressive Talent Initiative trains potential pundits in media skills.[31][32]

David Brock established Media Matters Action Network to track conservative politicians and organizations.[33] Organized as a 501(c)(4) nonprofit group,[33] the Media Matters Action Network can lobby and engage in political campaign work.[34] The New York Times reported that it was "set to take on an expanded role in the 2012 elections, including potentially running television ads".[33]

Brock established American Bridge 21st Century as a super PAC associated with Media Matters for America. Kathleen Kennedy Townsend, daughter of Robert F. Kennedy, and a former lieutenant governor of Maryland, chairs the board of directors of American Bridge.[33] American Bridge is focused on opposition research.[35]

In 2009, Media Matters Action Network launched the Conservative Transparency website, aimed at tracking the funding of conservative activist organizations.[36] Media Matters Action Network established the Political Correction project with the goal of holding conservative politicians and advocacy groups accountable.[37]

In December 2010, Media Matters Action Network started EqualityMatters.org, a site "in support of gay equality". At launch the site fully incorporated Media Matters's content on LGBT issues.[38] Designed to provide talking points for liberal activists and politicians, Brock set up the Message Matters project.[31] Media Matters runs the website DropFox.com and works to get advertisers to boycott Fox News. One target, Orbitz, initially referred to Media Matters' efforts as a "smear campaign",[39] but agreed, on June 9, 2011, following a three-week campaign by prominent LGBT organizations, to "review the policies and process used to evaluate where advertising is placed".[40]

Reception and controversies

General reception

In 2008, Jacques Steinberg of The New York Times reported that David Folkenflik of National Public Radio had told him that although Media Matters looked "at every dangling participle, every dependent clause, every semicolon, every quotation" for the benefit of "a cause, a party, a candidate, that they may have some feelings for", they were still a useful source for leads, partly due to the "breadth of their research". Conversely, political analyst and columnist Stuart Rothenberg told Steinberg that he did not pay attention to them, as he had no confidence in "ideological stuff". In Steinberg's view, Media Matters is a new weapon for the Democratic Party employing "rapid-fire, technologically sophisticated means to call out what it considers 'conservative misinformation' on air or in print, then feed it to a Rolodex of reporters, cable channels and bloggers hungry for grist".[13] According to a 2010 opinion piece by "M. S." on The Economist blog, "because it is dedicated to critiquing distortions by conservatives, its critiques carry no weight with conservatives."[41]

Some news organizations have cited Media Matters reports and credited it for bringing attention to issues including the story of James Guckert, formerly a reporter for the web-based Talon News. During George W. Bush's administration, Guckert gained White House press access using the pseudonym Jeff Gannon and attended 155 White House press briefings. It was revealed that he had also worked as a prostitute soliciting male clientele on the internet with photos of himself fully naked.[42] Liberal or leftist columnists and writers such as Paul Krugman and the late Molly Ivins cited Media Matters or identified it as a helpful source.[43][44]

Don Imus controversy

On April 4, 2007, Media Matters posted a video clip of Don Imus calling the Rutgers University women's basketball team members "nappy-headed hoes" and made their discovery known in Media Matters' daily e-mailing to hundreds of journalists. The next day, according to The Wall Street Journal, "top news outlets didn't mention the incident." But objections made to CBS Radio by the National Association of Black Journalists led to an on-the-air apology from Imus. MSNBC, calling Imus's comments "racist" and "abhorrent", suspended Imus' TV show, and within minutes CBS suspended Imus's radio show. The Wall Street Journal said Imus's apology "seemed to make matters worse, with critics latching on to Mr. Imus's use of the phrase 'you people.'" Included among those dissatisfied with Imus's apology and suspension were the coach of the Rutgers team and a group of MSNBC African-American employees. After Procter & Gamble pulled advertising from all of MSNBC's daytime schedule, and other advertisers, including General Motors and American Express requested CBS to cancel any upcoming advertising they had bought for "Imus in the Morning", MSNBC and CBS dropped Imus's show.[45]

Rush Limbaugh "Phony soldiers" controversy

In 2007, Media Matters' reported radio talk show host Rush Limbaugh saying Iraq war veterans opposed to the war as "the phony soldiers". Limbaugh later said he was speaking of only one soldier, Jesse MacBeth, who had falsely claimed to have been decorated for valor but, in fact, never saw combat. Limbaugh said he was the victim of a "smear" by Media Matters, which had taken out of context and selectively edited his comments. After Limbaugh published what he said was the entire transcript of phony soldiers discussion, Media Matters noted that over a minute and 30 seconds was omitted without "notation or ellipsis to indicate that there is, in fact, a break in the transcript".[46][47] Limbaugh told National Review that the gap between referring to "phony soldiers" and MacBeth was a delay due to his staff printing out an ABC news story that reported on what it called "phony soldiers", and that his transcript and audio edits were "for space and relevance reasons, not to hide anything".[48]

The Associated Press, CNN and ABC reported on the controversy,[49] as political satirist and fictional pundit Stephen Colbert lampooned Limbaugh and his defenders saying: "Hey, Media Matters, you want to end offensive speech? Then stop recording it for people who would be offended."[50]

Bill O'Reilly Harlem restaurant controversy

In October 2007 television and radio host and commentator Bill O'Reilly said a Media Matters' headline declaring O'Reilly surprised "there was no difference" between Harlem restaurant and other New York restaurants took out of context comments he made regarding a pleasant dinner he shared with the Rev. Al Sharpton at a Harlem restaurant.[51][52][53] O'Reilly said Media Matters misleadingly took comments spoken five minutes apart and presented them as one.[54] In an appearance on NBC's Today with Matt Lauer, Media Matters senior fellow Paul Waldman said Media Matters had included "the full audio, the full transcript, nothing was taken out of context".[55]

Laura Schlessinger racial slur controversy

On August 12, 2010, Media Matters reported that radio host Laura Schlessinger said "nigger" eleven times during a discussion with an African-American woman, continuing to say it after the caller took offense at the word. Schlessinger told the woman she was too sensitive, and that a double standard determined who could say the word. Schlessinger also said that those "hypersensitive" about color should not "marry outside of their race". The caller had earlier in the discussion said her husband was white.[56][57] Schlessinger apologized for the epithet the day after the broadcast. A joint statement of Media Matters and other organizations noted that although Schlessinger "attempted to apologize for using the epithet, the racist diatribe on Tuesday's show extends far beyond the use of a single word" and urged advertisers to boycott her show. After General Motors, OnStar, and Motel 6 pulled their advertising, Schlessinger said she would not renew her syndication contract set to expire December 2010.[56][58] In January 2011 her show resumed on satellite radio.[59]

Schlessinger held Media Matters responsible for the boycott, which she called a typical tactic of the group to fulfill its "sole purpose of silencing people". She said the boycotts' "threat of attack on my advertisers and stations" had violated her First Amendment free speech rights.[60][61][62] Media Matters claimed that, as the boycott was not "government-sanctioned censorship", her First Amendment rights had not been violated.[63]

War on Fox

In 2010, MMfA declared a "War on Fox". Brock said MMfA would focus its efforts on Fox and select conservative websites in what Brock called an "all-out campaign of 'guerrilla warfare and sabotage'".[64] MMfA said the greater attention given to Fox was part of a campaign to educate the public about distortions of conservative media, and the greater attention given to Fox was in line with its prominence. MMfA said its Drop Fox campaign for advertisers to boycott Fox was also part of its educational mission. MMfA said that changing Fox, not shutting it down, was its goal.[65]

In December 2013, the War on Fox was officially concluded, with MMfA Executive VP Angelo Carusone claiming the "War on Fox is over. And it's not just that it's over, but it was very successful. To a large extent, we won", claiming to have "effectively discredited the network's desire to be seen as 'fair and balanced'". Around that time, Glenn Beck had departed the network and Sean Hannity's time slot was moved from 9 p.m. to 10 p.m.[66]

Tax-exempt status challenge

C. Boyden Gray, former White House counsel for George H. W. Bush and Fox consultant, sent a letter to the IRS in 2011 alleging that MMfA's activities including the War on Fox were not primarily educational, but instead "unlawful conduct", and asking that MMfA's tax-exempt status be revoked.[67] Prior to Gray's IRS petition, Politico reported that Fox News had run "more than 30 segments calling for the nonprofit group to be stripped of its tax-exempt status".[65] In another report, Politico said Fox News and Fox Business campaigns held, "The non-profit status as an educator is violated by partisan attacks. That sentiment was first laid out by a piece written by Gray for The Washington Times in June."[68] In an interview with Fox News, Gray said "It's not unlawful. It's just not charitable."[69]

MMfA vice-president Ari Rabin-Havt said "C. Boyden Gray is [a] Koch-affiliated, former Fox News contributor whose flights of fancy have already been discredited by actual experts in tax law."[69] Gray denied having been on Fox's payroll while he was a Fox consultant in 2005, although at that time Fox had said Gray was a contributor, adding: "We pay contributors for strong opinions."[68][70]

Marcus Owens, former director of the IRS's Exempt Organizations Division, told Politico in 2011 that he believed the law was on Media Matters's side.[71] Owens told Fox Business that only an IRS probe could reveal if partisan activity takes up a substantial enough part of MMfA's operations to disallow its tax-free status; the IRS does allow limited political activity at nonprofits, so long as it does not take up a substantial amount of their operations.[72]

See also

References

  1. 1 2 "IRS Form 990 2013" (PDF). Internal Revenue Service. Retrieved September 10, 2015.
  2. ↑ "About Us", mediamatters.org. Retrieved January 16, 2015.
  3. ↑ "Media Matters Employees To Vote On Union, Management To Stand Neutral". The Huffington Post. June 17, 2004. Retrieved October 17, 2015.
  4. 1 2 Rutenberg, Jim (May 3, 2004). "New Internet Site Turns Critical Eyes and Ears to the Right". The New York Times. Retrieved October 19, 2015.
  5. ↑ Gay Stolberg, Sheryl (December 19, 2010). "One Battle Won, Gay Rights Activists Shift Sights". The New York Times. Retrieved September 10, 2015.
  6. ↑ Zengerle, Jason (May 22, 2011). "If I Take Down Fox, Is All Forgiven?". New York. Retrieved October 19, 2015.
  7. ↑ MMfA has used the Government Accountability Office in make fact-checking articles. For example, GMA, CNN, print media fail to challenge Bush's missile defense claim. Pentagon reports have been used to debunk claims of WMD claims, such as Hannity criticized media, Bush administration..., mediamatters.org, July 7, 2006. Retrieved January 16, 2015.
  8. ↑ Brass, Kevin (March 23, 2007). "Media Watch: Sunday Morning Blues?". The Austin Chronicle. Retrieved September 26, 2007.
  9. ↑ "Black and White and Re(a)d All Over: The Conservative Advantage in Syndicated Op-Ed Columnists". Media Matters for America. September 12, 2006. Retrieved November 4, 2007.
  10. ↑ "John Diaz An Editor's Note/Beyond the right-left labels". The San Francisco Chronicle. September 30, 2007.
  11. ↑ Byers, Dylan (February 26, 2015). "Media Matters: 'All hands on deck' for Bill O'Reilly". Politico. Retrieved September 10, 2015.
  12. ↑ Rutenberg, Jim (May 3, 2004). "New Internet Site Turns Critical Eyes and Ears to the Right". The New York Times. p. A21.
  13. 1 2 Steinberg, Jacques (October 31, 2008). "An All-Out Attack on 'Conservative Misinformation'". The New York Times. p. A15. Retrieved April 17, 2010.
  14. 1 2 3 York, Byron (May 28, 2004). "David Brock is Buzzing Again". National Review. Retrieved September 10, 2015.
  15. ↑ VandeHei, Jim; Cillizza, Chris (July 17, 2006). "A New Alliance of Democrats Spreads Funding; But Some in Party Bristle at Secrecy and Liberal Tilt". The Washington Post. p. A1. Retrieved May 3, 2012.
  16. ↑ "Wash. Times op-ed expanded on O'Reilly's false attacks on Soros and Media Matters". Media Matters for America. May 9, 2007. Retrieved March 27, 2011.
  17. ↑ How Vast The Left Wing Conspiracy?. Hudson Institute, November 30, 2006.
  18. ↑ Shear, Michael (October 20, 2010). "Soros Donates $1 Million to Media Matters". The New York Times. Retrieved September 10, 2015.
  19. ↑ Smith, Ben (October 20, 2010). "Soros gives to Media Matters, publicly". Politico.com. Retrieved November 28, 2013.
  20. ↑ Transcript of David Brock on Soros contributions to Media Matters, CNN. Retrieved February 24, 2015.
  21. ↑ "Soros gives $1 million dollars to Media Matters". Politico.com. October 20, 2010. Retrieved March 9, 2015.
  22. 1 2 Thrush, Glenn (September 6, 2006). "Switching allegiances". Newsday.
  23. ↑ Todd, Chuck (November 15, 2007). "Calling Out Media Matters' Bias". MSNBC. Retrieved May 13, 2010.
  24. ↑ Schmidt, Michael S.; Confessore, Nicholas (May 18, 2015). "Clinton Friend's Memos on Libya Draw Scrutiny to Politics and Business". The New York Times. Retrieved September 10, 2015.
  25. ↑ Rothstein, Betsy (November 3, 2008). "Fighting ire with fire". The Hill. Retrieved May 17, 2010.
  26. ↑ "Former Media Matters President Responds to Beck's Fox News Departure". Bullfight Strategies. Retrieved November 28, 2013.
  27. ↑ Tau, Byron (May 1, 2013). "Media Matters names new president". Politico. Retrieved September 10, 2015.
  28. ↑ Jamieson, Dave (July 1, 2014). "Media Matters Staff Votes To Join Union". The Huffington Post. Retrieved September 10, 2015.
  29. ↑ Jamieson, Dave (April 28, 2014). "Media Matters Employees Feel 'Betrayed' By Management's Opposition To Their Union". The Huffington Post. Retrieved September 10, 2015.
  30. ↑ Gold, Hadas (April 29, 2014). "Media Matters 'not opposed' to unionizing". Politico. Retrieved September 10, 2015.
  31. 1 2 Zengerie, Jason (May 22, 2011). "If I Take Down Fox, Is All Forgiven?". New York magazine. Retrieved June 11, 2011.
  32. ↑ Horowitz, Jason (March 22, 2011). "Media Matters boot camp readies liberal policy wonks for the camera's close-up". The Washington Post. Retrieved June 11, 2011.
  33. 1 2 3 4 Luo, Michael (November 23, 2010). "Effort to Set Up Liberal Counterweight to G.O.P. Groups Begins". The New York Times. Retrieved May 28, 2011.
  34. ↑ Clark, Charles (September 4, 2010). "Media Matters Stakes Claim As High-Volume Watchdog". National Journal. Retrieved January 5, 2015.
  35. ↑ Haberman, Maggie (July 17, 2015). "David Brock, Key Hillary Clinton Ally, to Work More Closely With Her Campaign". The New York Times. Retrieved September 10, 2015.
  36. ↑ Eggen, Dan (November 3, 2009). "Liberal group eyes conservatives' connections". The Washington Post. Retrieved June 19, 2011.
  37. ↑ Terris, Ben (October 28, 2010). "Outside Conservative Ads Overwhelming the Midterm Campaigns". National Journal.
  38. ↑ Sheryl Stolberg (December 19, 2010). "One Battle Won, Gay Activists Shift Sights". The New York Times.
  39. ↑ Bond, Paul (May 19, 2011). "Orbitz Backs Fox News Channel Amid Media Matters' 'Smear Campaign'". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved May 28, 2011.
  40. ↑ Staff. "Orbitz agrees to review advertising policies following campaign by LGBT groups". Miamiherald.typepad.com. Retrieved November 28, 2013.
  41. ↑ M.S. (May 5, 2010). "Epistemic closure and political disinformation". The Economist. Retrieved July 20, 2011.
  42. ↑ "Web CEO in midst of political scandal". Retrieved May 20, 2010.
  43. ↑ "CNN.com – Molly Ivins: Developments in journalism's frontier". CNN. May 11, 2006.
  44. ↑ Krugman, Paul (April 30, 2010). "The Oil Spill Is Obama's Fault". The New York Times.
  45. ↑ Barnes, Brooks; et al. (April 13, 2007). "Behind the Fall of Imus, A Digital Brush Fire". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved September 9, 2007.
  46. ↑ "Limbaugh falsely recasts 'phony soldiers' smear". Media Matters. September 28, 2007. Retrieved August 12, 2010.
  47. ↑ "Limbaugh selectively edited 'phony soldiers' clip, claimed it was "the entire transcript"". Media Matters. September 28, 2007. Retrieved August 12, 2010.
  48. ↑ "Limbaugh Makes His Case". The National Review Online. October 3, 2007. Retrieved August 16, 2010.
  49. ↑ "Rush Limbaugh Comments Spark Outrage". The National Review Online. October 3, 2007. Retrieved August 16, 2010.
  50. ↑ "Colbert: "Hey, Media Matters, you want to end offensive speech? Then stop recording it for people who would be offended."". Retrieved January 9, 2008.
  51. ↑ "Media Matters: O'Reilly surprised "there was no difference" between Harlem restaurant and other New York restaurants". Retrieved August 1, 2010.
  52. ↑ Bauder, David (September 26, 2007). "Bill O'Reilly Says He's Being Smeared". USA Today. Associated Press. Retrieved September 26, 2007.
  53. ↑ "CNN Goes Over to the Dark Side". Fox News Channel. September 26, 2007. Retrieved October 4, 2007.
  54. ↑ "Media Matters and the Corrupt Press on the Run". Fox News Channel. September 27, 2007. Retrieved October 4, 2007.
  55. ↑ "Media Matters' Waldman: "[I]f Bill O'Reilly got caught robbing a bank he would say he was taken out of context"". Retrieved September 26, 2007.
  56. 1 2 Plambeck, Joseph (August 19, 2010). "'Dr. Laura' Retreats After Use of Epithet". The New York Times.
  57. ↑ Full Audio: Dr. Laura Schlessinger's N-word rant
  58. ↑ "Dr. Laura to end her radio show". CNN. August 20, 2010.
  59. ↑ "Laura Ingraham". Satellite Radio Playground. November 29, 2010. Retrieved November 28, 2013.
  60. ↑ "CNN's John Roberts* corrects Dr. Laura on inaccurate attack against Speaker Pelosi", mediamatters.org. Retrieved January 5, 2015.
  61. ↑ "Dr. Laura Fingers Media Matters". Newsmax.com. Retrieved November 28, 2013.
  62. ↑ "ACTUAL ARTICLE TITLE BELONGS HERE!". CNN. Retrieved November 28, 2013.
  63. ↑ Palin ratchets up absurd and offensive defense of Dr. Laura, claims they've been "shackled" by critics, MediaMatters.org. Retrieved January 5, 2015.
  64. ↑ Smith, Ben (March 26, 2011). "Media Matters' war against Fox". Politico. Retrieved March 27, 2011.
  65. 1 2 "Fox News takes on Media Matters". Politico.com. Retrieved November 28, 2013.
  66. ↑ Quote from MMfA Executive Vice President Angelo Carusone, The Huffington Post; December 13, 2013. Retrieved January 6, 2015.
  67. ↑ Elizabeth MacDonald (August 4, 2011). "Former White House Counsel to IRS: Pull Media Matters' Tax-Exempt Status". Foxbusiness.com. Retrieved November 28, 2013.
  68. 1 2 Everett, Burgess (August 5, 2011). "Former W.H. lawyer to IRS: Rescind Media Matters's non-profit status". Politico.com. Retrieved November 28, 2013.
  69. 1 2 Wemple, Erik (August 5, 2011). "Gray petitions against Media Matters". The Washington Post. Retrieved November 28, 2013.
  70. ↑ "Ed Klein, Drowning in Ink and Gasping for Air". The Washington Post. July 11, 2005. Retrieved November 28, 2013.
  71. ↑ Hagey, Keach (July 7, 2011). "Fox News takes on Media Matters". Dyn.politico.com. Retrieved November 28, 2013.
  72. ↑ Elizabeth MacDonald (August 4, 2011). "Former White House Counsel to IRS: Pull Media Matters’ Tax-Exempt Status". Foxbusiness.com. Retrieved November 28, 2013.

External links

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