Messier 80

Messier 80
A Hubble Space Telescope (HST) image of M80. Credit: HST/NASA/ESA.
Observation data (J2000 epoch)
Class	II[1]
Constellation	Scorpius
Right ascension	16^h 17^m 02.41^s[2]
Declination	–22° 58′ 33.9″[2]
Distance	32.6 kly (10.0 kpc)[3]
Apparent magnitude (V)	+7.87[4]
Apparent dimensions (V)	10′.0
Physical characteristics
Mass	5.02×10^5[5] M☉
Radius	48 ly
Metallicity	$\begin{smallmatrix}\left[{Fe}/{H}\right]\end{smallmatrix}$ = –1.47[6] dex
Estimated age	12.54[6]
Other designations	M80, NGC 6093, GCl 39[4]

Messier 80 (also known as M80 or NGC 6093) is a globular cluster in the constellation Scorpius. It was discovered by Charles Messier in 1781.

M80 is located midway between α Scorpii (Antares) and β Scorpii in a field in the Milky Way that is rich in nebulae. It can be viewed with modest amateur telescopes as a mottled ball of light. With an apparent diameter of about 10' and at an estimated distance of 32,600 light-years, M80's spatial diameter is about 95 light-years. It contains several hundred thousand stars, and is among the more densely populated globular clusters in the Milky Way.

M80 contains a relatively large number of blue stragglers, stars that appear to be much younger than the cluster itself. It is thought these stars have lost part of their outer layers due to close encounters with other cluster members or perhaps the result of collisions between stars in the dense cluster. Images from the Hubble Space Telescope have shown districts of very high blue straggler densities, suggesting that the center of the cluster is likely to have a very high capture and collision rate.

On May 21, 1860, a nova was discovered in M80 that attained a magnitude of +7.0. The nova, variable star designation T Scorpii, reached an absolute magnitude of −8.5, briefly outshining the entire cluster.

M80 is on the far right edge of this image of Rho Ophiuchi cloud complex towards the top.

Map showing the location of M80

References

1. Shapley, Harlow; Sawyer, Helen B. (August 1927), "A Classification of Globular Clusters", Harvard College Observatory Bulletin (849): 11–14, Bibcode:1927BHarO.849...11S.
2. Goldsbury, Ryan; et al. (December 2010), "The ACS Survey of Galactic Globular Clusters. X. New Determinations of Centers for 65 Clusters", The Astronomical Journal 140 (6): 1830–1837, arXiv:1008.2755, Bibcode:2010AJ....140.1830G, doi:10.1088/0004-6256/140/6/1830.
3. Paust, Nathaniel E. Q.; et al. (February 2010), "The ACS Survey of Galactic Globular Clusters. VIII. Effects of Environment on Globular Cluster Global Mass Functions", The Astronomical Journal 139 (2): 476–491, Bibcode:2010AJ....139..476P, doi:10.1088/0004-6256/139/2/476.
4. "SIMBAD Astronomical Object Database". Results for NGC 6093. Retrieved 2006-11-16.
5. Boyles, J.; et al. (November 2011), "Young Radio Pulsars in Galactic Globular Clusters", The Astrophysical Journal 742 (1): 51, arXiv:1108.4402, Bibcode:2011ApJ...742...51B, doi:10.1088/0004-637X/742/1/51.
6. Forbes, Duncan A.; Bridges, Terry (May 2010), "Accreted versus in situ Milky Way globular clusters", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 404 (3): 1203–1214, arXiv:1001.4289, Bibcode:2010MNRAS.404.1203F, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.16373.x.

External links

Media related to Messier 80 at Wikimedia Commons

• Messier 80, SEDS Messier pages
• Messier 80, Galactic Globular Clusters Database page
• Astronomy Picture of the Day description
• Messier 80 at ESA/Hubble
• Messier 80 on WikiSky: DSS2, SDSS, GALEX, IRAS, Hydrogen α, X-Ray, Astrophoto, Sky Map, Articles and images

Coordinates: 16^h 17^m 02.51^s, −22° 58′ 30.4″