Methane (data page)

This page provides supplementary chemical data on methane.

Material Safety Data Sheet

The handling of this chemical may incur notable safety precautions. It is highly recommend that you seek the Material Safety Datasheet (MSDS) for this chemical from a reliable source such as Iowa State, and follow its directions.

Structure and properties

Structure and properties
Index of refraction, nD ?
Dielectric constant, εr 1.7 ε0 at ? °C
Bond strength ?
Bond length 0.117 nm
Bond angle 109.5
Magnetic susceptibility −17.4 * 10−6 cm3/mol

Thermodynamic properties

Phase behavior
Triple point 90.67 K (−182.48 °C), 0.117 bar
Critical point 190.6 K (−82.6 °C), 46 bar
Std enthalpy change
of fusion, ΔfusHo		 1.1 kJ/mol
Std entropy change
of fusion, ΔfusSo		 ? J/(mol·K)
Std enthalpy change
of vaporization, ΔvapHo		 8.17 kJ/mol
Std entropy change
of vaporization, ΔvapSo		 ? J/(mol·K)
Solid properties
Std enthalpy change
of formation, ΔfHosolid		 -73.4 kJ/mol[1]
Standard molar entropy,
Sosolid		 ? J/(mol K)
Heat capacity, cp ? J/(mol K)
Liquid properties
Std enthalpy change
of formation, ΔfHoliquid		 ? kJ/mol
Standard molar entropy,
Soliquid		 ? J/(mol K)
Heat capacity, cp 52.93 J/(mol K)
Gas properties
Std enthalpy change
of formation, ΔfHogas		 −74.87 kJ/mol
Standard molar entropy,
Sogas		 186.61 J/(mol K)
Enthalpy of combustion ΔcHo –882.0 kJ/mol
Heat capacity, cp 35.69 J/(mol K)
van der Waals' constants[2] a = 228.29 L2 kPa/mol2
b = 0.04278 liter per mole

Vapor pressure of liquid

P in mm Hg 1 10 40 100 400 760 1520 3800 7600 15200 30400 45600
T in °C –205.9(s) –195.5(s) –187.7(s) –181.4 –168.8 –161.5 –152.3 –138.3 –124.8 –108.5 –86.3   —


Table data obtained from CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 44th ed. Annotation "(s)" indicates equilibrium temperature of vapor over solid. Otherwise temperature is equilibrium of vapor over liquid. Note that these are all negative temperature values.

log10 of methane vapor pressure vs. temperature. Uses formula: \scriptstyle \log_{10} P_{mmHg} = 6.61184 - \frac {389.93} {266.00 + T} given in Lange's Handbook of Chemistry, 10th ed. Note that formula loses accuracy near Tcrit = −82.6°C

Spectral data

Methane infrared spectrum
UV-Vis
λmax ? nm
Extinction coefficient, ε ?
IR
Major absorption bands ~3020 cm−1
~1300
NMR
Proton NMR  
Carbon-13 NMR  
Other NMR data  
MS
Masses of
main fragments		  

References

  1. ↑ "Methane". National Institute of Standards and technology. Retrieved 21 October 2013.
  2. ↑ Lange's Handbook of Chemistry, 10th ed, pp 1522-1524

Except where noted otherwise, data relate to standard ambient temperature and pressure.

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