Micropholcommatidae

Micropholcommatidae
Parapua punctata
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Arachnida
Order: Araneae
Suborder: Opisthothelae
Infraorder: Araneomorphae
Family: Micropholcommatidae
Hickman, 1943
Genera

see text

Diversity[1]
19 genera, 66 species

The Micropholcommatidae are a family of araneomorph spiders with about 66 described species in 19 genera. Alternatively they are treated as the subfamily Micropholcommatinae of the family Anapidae.[2] Micropholcommatids are extremely small, with body lengths typically between 0.5 and 2 mm.[3] They are usually found among leaf litter or moss.[4]

Distribution

Many genera are endemic to New Zealand and Australia, with others found also in South America.

Taxonomy

The families Micropholcommatidae and Textricellidae were synonymized with the Symphytognathidae by Forster (1959), but again split from it in 1977.[5] Later they were considered to be only one family, namely Micropholcommatidae, by Platnick & Forster (1986). Although they were synonymized with Anapidae by Schütt (2003), this move was not followed by all authors, although accepted in a 2014 review of the systematics of the orb-weaving spiders.[2] The Micropholcommatidae have been assigned to Palpimanoidea, Archaeoidea, and at the latest Araneoidea.[6]

Genera

As of October 2015, the World Spider Catalog accepted 19 extant genera:[7]

  • Algidiella Rix & Harvey, 2010 – Auckland Islands
  • Austropholcomma Rix & Harvey, 2010 — Australia
  • Eperiella Rix & Harvey, 2010 – Australia, Chile
  • Epigastrina Rix & Harvey, 2010 — Australia
  • Eterosonycha Butler, 1932 — Australia
  • Gigiella Rix & Harvey, 2010 – Australia, Chile
  • Guiniella Rix & Harvey, 2010 – New Guinea
  • Micropholcomma Crosby & Bishop, 1927 — Australia
  • Normplatnicka Rix & Harvey, 2010 – Chile, Australia
  • Olgania Hickman, 1979 — Australia
  • Patelliella Rix & Harvey, 2010 – Lord Howe Islands
  • Pua Forster, 1959 — New Zealand
  • Raveniella Rix & Harvey, 2010 — Australia
  • Rayforstia Rix & Harvey, 2010 – Australia, New Zealand and associated islands
  • Taliniella Rix & Harvey, 2010 – New Zealand
  • Taphiassa Simon, 1880 – Australia, New Zealand and associated islands
  • Teutoniella Brignoli, 1981 — Brazil, Chile
  • Tinytrella Rix & Harvey, 2010 – New Zealand
  • Tricellina Forster & Platnick, 1989 — Chile

Formerly recognized genera:

Fossil species

In 2007 the first fossil species of this family was described from Early Eocene amber (about 53 million years ago), and classified in subfamily Textricellinae. In contrast to living species it was found in the Northern Hemisphere.[10]

See also

Footnotes

  1. "Currently valid spider genera and species". World Spider Catalog. Natural History Museum Bern. Retrieved 2015-10-13.
  2. 1 2 Hormiga, Gustavo & Griswold, Charles E. (2014). "Systematics, Phylogeny, and Evolution of Orb-Weaving Spiders". Annual Review of Entomology 59 (1): 487–512. doi:10.1146/annurev-ento-011613-162046. PMID 24160416.
  3. Rix et al., 2008.
  4. Rix et al., 2008.
  5. Forster & Platnick 1977.
  6. Griswold et al. 2005.
  7. "Family Micropholcommatidae Hickman, 1944". World Spider Catalog. Natural History Museum Bern. Retrieved 2015-10-13.
  8. "Taxon details Taphiassa punctata (Forster, 1959)". World Spider Catalog. Natural History Museum Bern. Retrieved 2015-10-13.
  9. "Gen. Eterosonycha Butler, 1932". World Spider Catalog. Natural History Museum Bern. Retrieved 2015-10-13.
  10. Penney et al. 2007

References

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