Mihail Kogălniceanu International Airport
| Constanţa "Mihail Kogălniceanu" International Airport Aeroportul Internaţional Constanţa Mihail Kogălniceanu | |||||||||||
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Constanta International Airport | |||||||||||
  CND | |||||||||||
| Summary | |||||||||||
| Airport type | Public / Military | ||||||||||
| Operator | S. N. Aeroportul International Mihail Kogalniceanu Constanta S.A. | ||||||||||
| Serves | Constanţa | ||||||||||
| Location | Mihail Kogălniceanu, Romania | ||||||||||
| Elevation AMSL | 353 ft / 108 m | ||||||||||
| Coordinates | 44°21′44″N 028°29′18″E / 44.36222°N 28.48833°ECoordinates: 44°21′44″N 028°29′18″E / 44.36222°N 28.48833°E | ||||||||||
| Website | www.mk-airport.ro | ||||||||||
| Runways | |||||||||||
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| Statistics (2015) | |||||||||||
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Mihail Kogălniceanu Airport (IATA: CND, ICAO: LRCK) is situated in south-east Romania, in the commune of Mihail Kogălniceanu, 26 kilometres (16 mi) north-northwest of Constanţa.[1] It is the main airport of Dobrogea region and it provides access to Constanţa County, the port of Constanţa and Black Sea Romanian resorts.
The military sector of the Mihail Kogălniceanu International Airport is currently an annex of the 86th Air Base. Since 1999 it has occasionally been used by the United States Air Force.
Military usage
The airport was home of the former Romanian Air Force 57th Air Base, which was the only unit operating the Mikoyan MiG-29 fighter aircraft. The base was disbanded in April 2004 and all the 18 MiG-29s remain in open storage at the airport. It has been used by the US Military since 1999. In 2003, it became one of four Romanian military facilities that have been used by U.S. military forces as a staging area for the invasion of and ongoing counter-insurgency efforts in Iraq, operated by the 458th Air Expeditionary Group. It was intended to become one of the main operating bases of United States Army Europe's Joint Task Force East (JTF-E), a rotating task force initially to be provided by the U.S. 2nd Cavalry Regiment, which was to eventually grow to a brigade sized force. The JTF-E concept has been reduced to the Army-only Task Force East, but the base still retains an important role, given added weight by the 2014 Crimean crisis.
During the first three months of the 2003 invasion of Iraq, the airport was transited by 1,300 cargo and personnel transports towards Iraq, comprising 6,200 personnel and about 11,100 tons of equipment.[3]
As of October 2009 the US has spent $48 million upgrading the base. Plans are for the base to initially host 1,700 US and Romanian military personnel.[4] Since 2009 the US operates a Permanent Forward Operating Site (PFOS) several times larger than the temporary base housed in the former 57th Air Base; the new base has 78 buildings and uses the land of the former Romanian 34th Infantry Brigade base.[3]
It is also currently home to the 863rd Helicopter squadron which operates IAR-330L's.
With the closure of the Transit Center at Manas in Kyrgyzstan, The United States military transferred processing operations for military deploying to Afghanistan and other locations to the base. The United States Army 21st Theater Sustainment Command and Air Force 780th Expeditionary Airlift Squadron are responsible for US operations there.[5]
Involvement in "extraordinary renditions"
It is also alleged to be one of the black sites involved in the CIA's network of "extraordinary renditions".[6]
According to Eurocontrol data, it has been the site of four landings and two stopovers by aircraft identified as probably belonging to the CIA's fleet of rendition planes, including at least one widely used executive jet N379P (later registered, and more commonly cited, as N44982).[7] European (but not U.S.) media have widely distributed reports of a fax[8][9] intercepted by Swiss intelligence, datelined November 10, 2005, 8.24pm, that "was sent by the Egyptian foreign minister, Ahmed Aboul Gheit, in Cairo, to his ambassador in London. It revealed that the US had detained at least 23 Iraqi and Afghani captives at a military base called Mihail Kogalniceanu in Romania, and added that similar secret prisons were also to be found in Poland, Ukraine, Kosovo, Macedonia and Bulgaria."[10]
Airlines and destinations
| Airlines | Destinations |
|---|---|
| Blue Air | Bergamo Seasonal: Athens (begins 1 June 2016) |
| Turkish Airlines | Istanbul-Atatürk |
| Wizz Air | London-Luton |
Traffic and statistics
Mihail Kogălniceanu International Airport handled 63,329 passengers in 2015,[2] which represents a 66.9% increase over the previous year.
Use of the airport peaked at 778,766 passengers in 1979, when tourism to the Romanian Riviera was at a high.[11]
| Year | Passengers[12][13][14][15] | Compared to Previous Year |
|---|---|---|
| 2005 | 110,900 | - |
| 2006 | 71,236 |  35.7% |
| 2007 | 42,331 | 40.5% |
| 2008 | 60,477 |  42.8% |
| 2009 | 68,690 | 13.5% |
| 2010 | 74,587 | 8.5% |
| 2011 | 73,713 | 0.1% |
| 2012 | 94,641 | 28.4% |
| 2013 | 73,301 | 22.5% |
| 2014 | 37,939 | 48.2% |
| 2015 | 63,329 | 66.9% |
| City | Airport(s) | Weekly Departures (November 2015) |
Airlines |
|---|---|---|---|
 Istanbul |
Atatürk Airport | |
|
 Milano |
Bergamo Airport | |
|
 Athens |
Athens Airport | |
|
 Larnaca |
Larnaca Airport | |
|
 London |
Luton Airport | |
|
 Tel Aviv |
Tel Aviv Airport | |
|
Ground transportation
Bus
Several city bus lines link the airport to Constanta railway station. There are also few private bus lines operating to downtown Constanta or Romanian Black Sea resorts. There is no shuttle service available.
Taxi
There are always cabs available outside airport terminal.The cost of a ride to Constanta is around $30 which is considerably higher than the bus rates which can be as low as $1.50.
Car
The Airport is easily accessible by car and is located in north-western part of Constanta, which can be accessed from the DN 2A/E60 Constanta-Harsova or A4 motorway (Romania) until Ovidiu. The airport can be reached from A2 (Autostrada Soarelui) by exiting towards Cernavoda driving on DN22C towards Medgidia then through county road DJ 222 passing through Cuza Voda all the way to town of Mihail Kogalniceanu where the airport is located.Alternatively from A2 (Autostrada Soarelui) there is another exit towards Medgidia on DJ381 and then continue on DJ222. Car rentals are also available. There is free short and long term parking right outside airport terminal.
See also
Notes
- 1 2 "EAD Basic - Error Page". eurocontrol.int.
- 1 2 Aeroportul Internațional ”Mihail Kogălniceanu” și-a reluat creșterea at newsair.ro (Romanian)
- 1 2 "Zece ani cu US ARMY. Cu ce s-au ales românii - Romania Libera". RomaniaLibera.ro.
- ↑ Associated Press, "U.S. Base In Romania To Become Permanent", San Diego Union-Tribune, October 24, 2009, p. 6.
- ↑ Nickel, SSG Shawn (August 22, 2014). "Romania air base replaces Transit Center Manas". Air Forces Central Public Affairs. Retrieved May 18, 2015.
- ↑ Carvajal, Doreen (2006-01-12). "Swiss Investigate Leak to Paper on C.I.A. Prisons in Eastern Europe". The New York Times. Retrieved 2010-05-12.
- ↑ Temporary Committee on the alleged use of European countries by the CIA for the transport and illegal detention of prisoners (November 16, 2006). "Working Document No. 8" (PDF).
- ↑ US-Folter-Camps: Der Beweis! - Aktuell - SonntagsBlick - Blick Online
- ↑ unknown (January 9, 2006). "Egyptian Fax Throws Light on "Black Sites"". Der Spiegel.
- ↑ Scotland's Sunday Herald, March 2, 2003
- ↑ De ce a pierdut Constanţa războiul aerian cu Clujul at romanialibera.ro (Romanian)
- ↑ 2012 Activity Report of Romanian Ministry of Transportation at mt.ro (Romanian)
- ↑ ORDIN 169/1.801. Planul national de actiune privind reducerea emisiilor de gaze cu efect de seră în domeniul aviatiei civile (Romanian)
- ↑ Constanța Airport in 2013 at newsair.ro (Romanian)
- ↑ Press release for 2013 (Romanian)
References
- Charlie Coon, Construction To Begin This Winter On Romania Bases, Stars and Stripes, September 30, 2006
- JTF East
External links
Media related to Mihail Kogălniceanu International Airport at Wikimedia Commons
Media related to Mihail Kogalniceanu Air Base at Wikimedia Commons
- Official website
- Google Map - Aerial View
- Sourcewatch link
- Accident history for CND at Aviation Safety Network
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