Millwall by-election, 1993
The 1993 Millwall by-election was a local government by-election in the Millwall ward of the London Borough of Tower Hamlets on 16 September 1993. The result became widely publicised due to the first ever electoral success for the far-right British National Party by Derek Beackon.
Prelude
Millwall is located on the Isle of Dogs in London, England. Historically, it had been an area of working class residents mainly employed in the many docks on the Isle of Dogs but the closure of the docks in the 1960s had led to high unemployment and deprivation in the area.[1]
In the previous full council elections in 1990, Millwall elected three Labour councillors in a marginal contest between Labour and the Liberal Democrats. The Liberal Democrats retained control of the overall council, having gained control in 1986 as the Liberal-SDP Alliance.[2]
No BNP candidate stood for election in Millwall in 1990, although the party contested some other wards in the borough including Beackon who stood in Redcoat ward where he attracted just 3.6% of the vote.[3]
| Millwall election, 1990[4] | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
| Labour | D.J. Chapman | 1,755 | 45.1 | +5.3 | |
| Labour | Y. Amor | 1,689 | |||
| Labour | I.F. Walker | 1,551 | |||
| Liberal Democrat | R.J. Bensley | 1,507 | 39.9 | +12.7 | |
| Liberal Democrat | J.P. Matthews | 1,471 | |||
| Liberal Democrat | G.G. Pye | 1,449 | |||
| Conservative | D.C. Hughes | 294 | 7.5 | –0.0 | |
| Conservative | P.W.E. Ingham | 284 | |||
| Green | S.G. James | 279 | 7.5 | N/A | |
| Conservative | D.C. Hoile | 249 | |||
| Majority | 44 | 1.2 | |||
| Labour hold | Swing | ||||
| Labour hold | Swing | ||||
| Labour hold | Swing | ||||
| Turnout | 41.3 | +7.5 | |||
An earlier by-election took place in Millwall on 1 October 1992, due to the resignation of Cllr Walker, in which a British National Party candidate stood for the first time. They received their highest ever vote share at the time, taking 20% of the vote.[5]
| Millwall by-election, 1992[6] | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
| Labour | E.T. Johns | 1,275 | 38.7 | –6.3 | |
| Liberal Democrat | J.P. Matthews | 1,178 | 35.8 | –4.1 | |
| BNP | B.J. Osborne | 657 | 20.0 | N/A | |
| Conservative | J.P. Fage | 182 | 5.5 | –1.9 | |
| Majority | 97 | 2.9 | |||
| Labour hold | Swing | ||||
Campaign
The next year Cllr Chapman resigned, leading to another by-election in the same ward. The British National Party's campaign emphasised 'Rights for Whites' through canvassing and leafleting, while the Labour Party campaign focussed on preventing the election of the first BNP councillor.[7]
After a recount, Beackon was declared the winner with a majority of just 7 votes.
Election result
| Millwall by-election, 1993[8] | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
| BNP | Derek Beackon | 1,480 | 33.8 | N/A | |
| Labour | J.J. Hunt | 1,473 | 33.7 | –11.4 | |
| Liberal Democrat | J.E. Mills | 1,284 | 29.4 | –10.6 | |
| Conservative | T.R. Dickenson | 134 | 3.1 | –4.4 | |
| Majority | 7 | 0.1 | |||
| BNP gain from Labour | Swing | ||||
Aftermath
Beackon lost his seat in the next election after a large increase in turnout increased the actual BNP vote, but increased the Labour vote further to retake the seat.[9] The British National Party would not hold any elected seats again until they won three in Burnley in 2002.[10] Beackon did not re-stand for election until 2008 when he took 17.8% of the vote in Orsett ward on Thurrock council.[11]
| Millwall election, 1994 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
| Labour | Julia Mainwaring | 3,547 | |||
| Labour | Martin Young | 3,447 | |||
| Labour | Stephen Molyneaux | 3,446 | |||
| BNP | Derek Beackon | 2,041 | |||
| BNP | Gordon Callow | 1,775 | |||
| BNP | A. Smith | 1,713 | |||
| Liberal Democrat | J.P. Mathews | 874 | |||
| Liberal Democrat | J.E. Mills | 861 | |||
| Liberal Democrat | G.G. Pye | 754 | |||
| Island Independent | J.J. Hunt | 386 | |||
| Conservative | T.R. Dickenson | 322 | |||
| Conservative | J.P. Fage | 217 | |||
| Conservative | Crispin Hayhoe | 210 | |||
| Independent | O.C. Osmond | 124 | |||
| Turnout | 10,532 | 66.4 | |||
| Labour gain from BNP | Swing | ||||
| Labour hold | Swing | ||||
| Labour hold | Swing | ||||
References
- ↑ http://www.millwall.com/
- ↑ http://www.election.demon.co.uk/thbc/mlw.html
- ↑ http://www.election.demon.co.uk/thbc/red.html
- ↑ http://www.election.demon.co.uk/thbc/mlw.html
- ↑ N. Copsey, Contemporary British Fascism: The British National Party and the Quest for Legitimacy, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2004, pp. 52-53
- ↑ http://www.election.demon.co.uk/thbc/mlw.html
- ↑ N. Copsey, Contemporary British Fascism: The British National Party and the Quest for Legitimacy, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2004, pp. 53-54
- ↑ http://www.election.demon.co.uk/thbc/mlw.html
- ↑ http://www.election.demon.co.uk/thbc/mlw.html
- ↑ http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/1965535.stm
- ↑ http://www.thurrock.gov.uk/democracy/content.php?page=wrds&ID=12