Miriam Hopkins

Miriam Hopkins
Born	Ellen Miriam Hopkins October 18, 1902 Savannah, Georgia, U.S.
Died	October 9, 1972 (aged 69) New York City, New York, U.S.
Cause of death	Heart Attack
Occupation	Actress
Years active	1928–1970
Spouse(s)	Brandon Peters (1926–27) Austin Parker (1928–31) Anatole Litvak (1937–39) Raymond B. Brock (1945–51)
Children	Michael T. Hopkins (1932–2010)

Ellen Miriam Hopkins (October 18, 1902 – October 9, 1972) was an American film and TV actress known for her versatility.^[1] She first signed with Paramount in 1930, working with Ernst Lubitsch and Joel McCrea, among many others. Her long-running feud with Bette Davis was publicised for effect. Later she became a pioneer of TV drama. Hopkins was a distinguished Hollywood hostess, who moved in intellectual and creative circles.

Career

Hopkins was born in Savannah, Georgia, and raised in Bainbridge, near the Alabama border. In 1909 she briefly lived in Mexico. After her parents separated, she moved as a teen with her mother to Syracuse, New York, to be near her uncle, Thomas Cramer Hopkins, head of the Geology Department at Syracuse University.^[2]

She attended Goddard Seminary in Barre, Vermont (which later became Goddard College in Plainfield, Vermont) and Syracuse University (in New York).^[2] She became estranged from her father, and when at the age of 19 she applied for a passport in 1922 in preparation for a theatrical tour of South America, she listed his address as "unknown."^[3]

At age 20, Hopkins became a chorus girl in New York City. In 1930, she signed with Paramount Pictures, and made her official film debut in Fast and Loose. Her first great success was in the 1931 horror drama film Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, in which she portrayed the character Ivy Pearson, a prostitute who becomes entangled with Jekyll and Hyde. Hopkins received rave reviews, but because of the potential controversy of the film and her character, many of her scenes were cut before the official release, reducing her screen time to approximately five minutes.^[4]

Nevertheless, her career ascended swiftly thereafter and in 1932 she scored her breakthrough in Ernst Lubitsch's Trouble in Paradise, where she proved her charm and wit as a beautiful and jealous pickpocket. During the pre-code Hollywood of the early 1930s, she appeared in The Smiling Lieutenant, The Story of Temple Drake and Design for Living, all of which were box office successes and critically acclaimed.^[5] Her pre-Code films were considered risqué even at that time, with The Story of Temple Drake depicting a rape scene and Design for Living featuring a ménage à trois with Fredric March and Gary Cooper. She also had success during the remainder of the decade with the romantic screwball comedy The Richest Girl in the World (1934), the historical drama Becky Sharp (1935), for which she was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actress, Barbary Coast (1935), These Three (1936) (the first of four films with director William Wyler) and The Old Maid (1939).

Hopkins was one of the first actresses approached to play the role of Ellie Andrews in It Happened One Night (1934). However, she rejected the part.^[6] She did audition for the role of Scarlett O'Hara in Gone with the Wind, having one advantage none of the other candidates had: she was a native Georgian. But the part went to Vivien Leigh.

Hopkins had well-publicized fights with her arch-enemy Bette Davis (Hopkins believed Davis was having an affair with Hopkins' husband at the time, Anatole Litvak), when they co-starred in their two films The Old Maid (1939) and Old Acquaintance (1943).^[7] Davis admitted to enjoying very much a scene in Old Acquaintance in which she shakes Hopkins forcefully during a scene where Hopkins' character makes unfounded allegations against Davis's. There were even press photos taken with both divas in a boxing ring with gloves up and director Vincent Sherman between the two.

Hopkins and Herbert Marshall in a publicity photo for Trouble in Paradise (1932)

After Old Acquaintance, Hopkins did not work again in films until The Heiress (1949), where she played the lead character's aunt. In Mitchell Leisen's 1951's screwball comedy The Mating Season, she gave a comic performance as Gene Tierney's character's mother. She also acted in The Children's Hour, which is the theatrical basis of her film These Three (1936). In the remake, she played the aunt to Shirley MacLaine, who took Hopkins' original role.

Hopkins was a television pioneer, performing in teleplays in three decades, spanning the late 1940s through the late 1960s, in such programs as The Chevrolet Tele-Theatre (1949), Pulitzer Prize Playhouse (1951), Lux Video Theatre (1951–1955), The Outer Limits (1964) and even an episode of The Flying Nun in 1969.

She has two stars on the Hollywood Walk of Fame: one for motion pictures at 1701 Vine Street, and one for television at 1708 Vine Street.

Private life

Hopkins was married and divorced four times: first to actor Brandon Peters, second to aviator, screenwriter Austin Parker, third to the director Anatole Litvak, and fourth to war correspondent Raymond B. Brock. In 1932, Hopkins adopted a son, Michael T. Hopkins (March 29, 1932 – October 5, 2010).

She was known for hosting elegant parties. John O'Hara, a frequent guest, noted that, "most of her guests were chosen from the world of the intellect...Miriam knew them all, had read their work, had listened to their music, had bought their paintings. They were not there because a secretary had given her a list of highbrows."^[8]

She was a staunch Democrat who strongly supported the presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt.^[9]

Death

Hopkins died in New York City from a heart attack nine days before her 70th birthday. Her maternal great-grandfather, the fourth mayor of Bainbridge, helped establish the community's Episcopal Church, where Miriam sang in the choir.^[10]

Filmography

Year	Title	Role	Notes
1930	Fast and Loose	Marion Lenox	Hopkins's film debut
1931	Smiling Lieutenant, TheThe Smiling Lieutenant	Princess Anna	The first of three films Hopkins made with Lubitsch
1931	24 Hours	Rosie Duggan
1931	Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde	Ivy Pearson
1932	Two Kinds of Women	Emma Krull
1932	Dancers in the Dark	Gloria Bishop
1932	The World and the Flesh	Maria Yaskaya
1932	Trouble in Paradise	Lily	Second film directed by Lubitsch and starring Hopkins
1933	Story of Temple Drake, TheThe Story of Temple Drake	Temple Drake
1933	Stranger's Return, TheThe Stranger's Return	Louise Starr
1933	Design for Living	Gilda Farrell	Third and final film Hopkins and Lubitsch made together
1934	All of Me	Lydia Darrow
1934	She Loves Me Not	Curly Flagg
1934	Richest Girl in the World, TheThe Richest Girl in the World	Dorothy Hunter	First of five films Hopkins and McCrea made together
1935	Becky Sharp	Becky Sharp	Nominated – Academy Award for Best Actress The first feature film made in the three strip Technicolor process
1935	Barbary Coast	Mary 'Swan' Rutledge	Second film starring Hopkins and McCrea
1935	Splendor	Phyllis Manning Lorrimore	Third film starring Hopkins and McCrea
1936	These Three	Martha Dobie	The film was adapted from the 1934 play The Children's Hour by Lillian Hellman. Fourth film starring Hopkins and McCrea
1936	Men Are Not Gods	Ann Williams
1937	Woman I Love, TheThe Woman I Love	Madame Helene Maury	Hopkins married director Anatole Litvak shortly after this film was made. It is the only film Hopkins made with Paul Muni
1937	Woman Chases Man	Virginia Travis	Final film Hopkins and McCrea made together
1937	Wise Girl	Susan 'Susie' Fletcher
1939	Old Maid, TheThe Old Maid	Delia Lovell Ralston	The first of two films Hopkins made with Bette Davis
1940	Virginia City	Julia Hayne	Hopkins co-starred with Errol Flynn
1940	Lady with Red Hair	Mrs. Leslie Carter
1942	Gentleman After Dark, AA Gentleman After Dark	Flo Melton
1943	Old Acquaintance	Millie Drake	Second of two films Hopkins made with Bette Davis.
1949	Heiress, TheThe Heiress	Aunt Lavinia	Nominated – Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress – Motion Picture
1951	Mating Season, TheThe Mating Season	Fran Carleton
1952	The Outcasts of Poker Flat	Mrs. Shipton/'The Duchess'
1952	Carrie	Julie Hurstwood
1961	Children's Hour, TheThe Children's Hour	Lily Mortar	Hopkins had starred in the original film adaptation of the play The Children's Hour entitled These Three in the role of Martha Dobie. In this film Shirley MacLaine played Martha and Miriam Hopkins played her Aunt Lily.
1964	Fanny Hill	Mrs. Maude Brown
1966	Chase, TheThe Chase	Mrs. Reeves	Hopkins played the mother of Robert Redford's character
1970	Savage Intruder	Katharine Parker	Hopkins's last film

Short Subjects:

• "The Home Girl" (1928)
• "Hollywood on Parade No. B-1" (1933)

References

1. Obituary Variety, October 11, 1972, p. 71.
2. Profile, archives.syr.edu; accessed June 27, 2015.
3. [Ancestry.com] U.S. Passports Applications, 1795-1925, "Meriam Hopkins, Passport Issue Date 30 January 1922"
4. Profile, allanellenberger.com; accessed June 27, 2015.
5. Profile, imdb.com; accessed June 27, 2015.
6. Wiley, Mason; Damien Bona (1987). Inside Oscar: The Unofficial History of the Academy Awards. Ballantine Books. p. 54. ISBN 0-345-34453-7.
7. Soares, Andre (December 3, 2006). "Miriam Hopkins Biography in the Works". Alternative Film Guide.
8. "TimesMachine". Timesmachine.nytimes.com. Retrieved October 17, 2015.
9. Michael Janeway (August 22, 2009). The Fall of the House of Roosevelt: Brokers of Ideas and Power from FDR to LBJ. Books.google.com. Retrieved October 17, 2015.
10. "Miriam Hopkins (1902-1972)". Georgiaencyclopedia.org. August 28, 2013. Retrieved October 17, 2015.

External links

• Miriam Hopkins at the Internet Movie Database
• Miriam Hopkins at the Internet Broadway Database
• Miriam Hopkins at Find a Grave
• Photographs of Miriam Hopkins
• Miriam Hopkins Interview with Biographer Allan Ellenberger