Chiaki Mukai

This article is about the astronaut born Chiaki Naitou. For the unrelated actress of the same name, see Yurin (actress).
Chiaki Mukai
NASDA/JAXA Astronaut
Nationality Japanese
Born (1952-05-06) May 6, 1952
Tatebayashi, Gunma Prefecture, Japan
Other occupation
 Medical Doctor
Time in space
 23d 15h 39m
Selection 1985 NASDA Group
Missions STS-65, STS-95
Mission insignia

Chiaki Mukai (向井 千秋 Mukai Chiaki, born May 6, 1952, Tatebayashi, Gunma, Japan[1]) is a Japanese doctor, and JAXA astronaut.[2] She was the first Japanese woman in space, and was the first Japanese citizen to have two spaceflights.[1] Both were Space Shuttle missions; her first was STS-65 aboard Space Shuttle Columbia in July 1994, which was a Spacelab mission. Her second spaceflight was STS-95 aboard Space Shuttle Discovery in 1998. In total she has spent 23 days in space.

Mukai was selected to be an astronaut by Japanese national space agency NASDA (now called JAXA) in 1985. Prior to this, she was an assistant professor in the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery in Keio University, the oldest university in Japan.

Education

Mukai graduated from Keio Girls Senior High School in Tokyo, in 1971. She received her doctorate in medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, 1977; a doctorate in physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 1988; board certified as a cardiovascular surgeon, Japan Surgical Society, 1989.[1]

Mukai is a member of the following organizations: The American Aerospace Medical Association; Japan Society of Microgravity Applications; Japan Society of Aerospace and Environmental Medicine; Japanese Society for Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery; Japan Surgical Society.[1]

Medical career

Mukai has held several positions at various hospitals and institutions.[1]

Mukai is credited with approximately sixty publications since 1979.

Astronaut career

In 1985, Mukai was selected as one of three Japanese Payload Specialist candidates for the First Material Processing Test (Spacelab-J) which flew aboard STS-47. She also served as a back-up payload specialist for the Neurolab (STS-90) mission. Mukai has logged over 566 hours in space. She flew aboard STS-65 in 1994 and STS-95 in 1998. She is the first Japanese woman to fly in space, and the first Japanese citizen to fly twice.[1]

As a NASDA astronaut, she was a visiting scientist at the Division of Cardiovascular Physiology, Space Biomedical Research Institute, NASA Johnson Space Center, from 1987 to 1988. Mukai has remained a Research Instructor of the Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, since 1992. From 1992 to 1998 she was a visiting associate professor of the Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, and in 1999 was promoted to a visiting professor of the university.[1]

On October 1, 2003, NASDA merged with ISAS (Institute of Space and Astronautical Science) and NAL (National Aerospace Laboratory of Japan) and was renamed Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA).

Mukai was assigned the deputy mission scientist for STS-107. In that capacity she coordinated science operations for this science mission.[1][3][4] In 2009 Mukai was a visiting lecturer at the International Space University.[5]

STS-65

STS-65 Columbia (July 8–23, 1994) was the second International Microgravity Laboratory (IML-2) flight. The mission consisted of 82 investigations of Space Life Science (Human Physiology, Space Biology, Radiation Biology, and Bioprocessing) and Microgravity Science (Material Science, Fluid Science and Research on the Microgravity Environment and Countermeasures). IML-2 was also designated as an extended duration orbit mission focusing on medical experiments related to the cardiovascular system, autonomic nerve system, and bone and muscle metabolism. The mission was accomplished in 236 orbits of the Earth, traveling over 6.1 million miles in 353 hours and 55 minutes.[1]

STS-95

STS-95 Discovery (October 29 to November 7, 1998) was a nine-day mission during which the crew supported a variety of research payloads including deployment of the Spartan solar-observing spacecraft, the Hubble Space Telescope Orbital Systems Test Platform, and investigations on space flight and the aging process. The mission was accomplished in 134 Earth orbits, traveling 3.6 million miles in 213 hours and 44 minutes.[1]

Awards and honors

Mukai has received the following awards:[1]

Personal life

Chiaki Mukai, née Chiaki Naitō (内藤 千秋 Naitō Chiaki), was born in Tatebayashi, Gunma Prefecture, Japan. She is married to Makio Mukai, M.D., Ph.D. Her recreational interests include snow skiing, Alpine competitive skiing, bass fishing, scuba diving, tennis, golf, photography, American Literature, and traveling.[1]

In popular culture

In 2007, Fuji Television released a special episode of its program A Woman's Biography. The episode is based on the biography of Mukai Chiaki and stars Miho Kanno.

Notes

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 "Astronaut Bio: Chiaki Mukai". NASA. October 2003.
  2. ↑ "Profile of JAXA's Astronauts". JAXA. 6 October 2010.
  3. ↑ Spacefacts biography of Chiaki Mukai
  4. ↑ Fuji Television's TV drama: 女の一代記『向井千秋～夢を宇宙に追いかけた人～』(Japanese)
  5. ↑ "Visiting Lecturers - ISU". International Space University. Retrieved 14 December 2010.
  6. ↑ "The first-ever Dream's Award for Chiaki Mukai".
  7. ↑ "Joe Kerwin Award : Chiaki Mukai, M.D., Ph.D." (PDF).

External links

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