Munjed Al Muderis

Munjed Al Muderis
Born 1972 (age 43–44)
Education

1991: graduated from Baghdad College High School

1997: graduated from Baghdad University[1]
Occupation Orthopaedic surgeon, Adjunct Clinical Associate Professor University of Notre Dame Australia School of Medicine Sydney and a clinical lecturer at Macquarie University and The Australian School of Advanced Medicine.

Dr. Munjed Al Muderis (born 1972) is an Australian Associate Professor in orthopaedic surgery, author and human rights activist. His pioneering work on prosthetics and patents on titanium devices that he designed places Australia at the forefront of osseointegration technology.[2]

Al Muderis was born in Iraq and became a surgeon under the regime of Saddam Hussein. He was a medical Student in Basra at the Start of the Gulf War. As a junior surgeon, he fled from Iraq following an incident in which he refused to mutilate the ears of army deserters. He traveled through Indonesia and Malaysia and reached Australia where he was kept in at the Curtin Detention Centre. He was released after 10 months and carried on his career in medicine, eventually specialising in osteointegration surgery.

Al Muderis wrote the book Walking Free on his experiences in Iraq, in the Australian immigration detention system and on his career in Australia.

A sharp mind—accompanied by a big heart; a humanitarian voicing the plight of refugees, and providing orthopedic services to disaster areas.[3]

Early life

Munjed Al Muderis was born under the regime of Saddam Hussein.[4] His father was a former Supreme Court judge and had authority in the Marine Corps, while his uncle was a descendant of the second royal family and Prime Minister, back when Iraq was still a kingdom.[5] His mother was school principal who had been demoted for failing to join the Baath Party.

Al Muderis graduated from Baghdad College High School in 1991 where he was a classmate of Qusay Hussein. He went on to studied medicine at various universities including the Baghdad University from 1991 to 1997, graduating with a Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery.[6] At the beginning of the Gulf War he was a second year medical student in Basra. He fled the city in the early days of the war, returning later to see the aftermath of the Basra Uprising.

In 1999, he was forced to flee Iraq when he was working as a junior surgeon at Saddam Hussein Medical Centre in Baghdad.[1] A bus load of army draft evaders were brought into the hospital for the top of their ears to be amputated under Saddam Hussein's orders. The senior surgeon in the operating theatre refused the orders and was immediately interrogated and shot in front of several medical staff. Instead of complying with the orders, Al Muderis decided to flee.[7] He escaped the operating theatre and hid in the female toilets for five hours. Shortly after, he fled to Jordan before the authorities caught up with him and moved on to Kuala Lumpur . From there, he took a people-smuggling route to Christmas Island where he was sent to Curtin Detention Centre. He was dehumanised there and addressed by his assigned number, 982. He was punished with solitary confinement and was repeatedly told to go back where he came from. In 2000, 10 months after being sent to Curtin Detention Centre, he was granted refugee status and was freed.[2]

Upon release, he only landed a job at Mildura Base Hospital as an Emergency Unit and Orthopaedic Resident after sending out more than 100 resumes. A year later, he moved to the Austin Hospital in Melbourne and travelled to many different countries, completing specialisation fellowships and attending short-term courses.[1]

Osseointegration

Al Muderis developed the new generation of implant, OPL Osseointegration Prosthetic Limb that addresses several issues faced by the patients previously[8] leading Orthopedics This Week to praise Al Muderis as 'The Most Incredible Orthopedics You'll Ever Read About.'[3] The Osseointegration Group of Australia Team (OGAP) is made up of specialists in various fields. Women's Weekly and NEWS rank Al Muderis as one of the world's top osseointegration surgeons.[9][10]

Traditional and rigid socket based technology is now replaced with a surgery that inserts a titanium implant into the bone. Osseoperception occurs as the prosthetic is anchored directly to the bone which would transmit sensory signals, resulting in patients recovering certain level of feeling. The implant surface is also made of highly porous titanium, providing the user with balance and allowing for ingrowth of bone. A dual adaptor is designed with a smooth surface to minimise friction and coated with titanium niobium for antibacterial purposes. The adaptor is fixed to control device and is connected to the external of the prosthetic limb. Putting on and taking off the prosthetic limb requires less than ten seconds.[8] Osseointegration surgery aims to provide amputees with greater mobility and reduced discomfort.[11]

Al Muderis is spreading the word to make the technology available globally and patients travel from around the world to see him for this ground breaking surgery.[12]

Career

Al Muderis was a first year resident[1] at Saddam Hussein Medical Centre[4] in Baghdad before fled Iraq and his career got disrupted. In Australia, he first worked at Mildura Base Hospital as Emergency Unit and Orthopaedic Resident.[1] He then moved to Melbourne four months later and worked at Austin Repatriation Hospital as a Surgical Registrar, followed by a year at Canberra Hospital.[1]

In 2004, he joined the Australian Orthopaedic Training Program and in 2008, he attained his surgical fellowship, FRACS (Orth).[13] He completed the following post specialisation fellowships:

Al Muderis is a supervisor of the Australian Orthopaedic Trainee Registrar at the above-mentioned medical centres and is a supervisor of overseas trained orthopaedic surgeons (Fellows) in Hip and Knee pathology.[6]

In 2010, Al Muderis commenced his private practice.[1] He is an orthopaedic surgeon and treats his patients at Macquarie University, Bella Vista, Drummoyne and Sydney Adventist Hospital clinics.[1] He is also appointed as an Adjunct Clinical Associate Professor in the School of Medicine, Sydney Campus at the University of Notre Dame Australia[6] and a Clinical Lecturer at Macquarie University Hospital and The Australian School of Advanced Medicine.[1] He also has appointments at The Sydney Adventist Hospital and Norwest Private Hospital.[1] He is a fellow of the Royal Australasian College of Surgeons and the Australian Orthopaedic Association.[6] He is also the founder of the Osseointegration Group of Australia.[6] As an Australian orthopaedic surgeon, he specialises in hip, knee, trauma and osseointegration surgery,[1] focusing in hip arthroscopy, resurfacing, arthroplasty, knee arthroplasty and reconstruction of recurrent patellar dislocations.[1] Al Muderis chaired the 2015 Osseointegration Conference[14] and was a guest speaker at Australian Orthotic Prosthetist Association Meeting.[15]

Al Muderis has been recognised by Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II for his work with British soldier Michael Swain.[16] He was invited by Queen Elizabeth II to attend the ceremony[17] in which Rifleman Michael Swain received his MBE medal.[18]

He also caught the attention of HRH Prince Harry of Wales and Prince Harry visited Al Muderis on May 7, 2015 [19][20] to follow up on Al Muderis' work and meet some of the amputees he has helped, including a decorated British soldier who lost his legs in Afghanistan who was undergoing groundbreaking treatment to fit prosthetic legs at Macquarie University Hospital.[21]

Prince Harry was amazed by the work Munjed and his team are doing, and believes the life changing surgery is "the way forward for single amputees or double amputees above the knee".[22] Prince Harry is keen to get Al Muderis to the UK for an extended period of time to make the procedure available to British ex-servicemen injured in combat.[22]

Al Muderis is hopeful that the popular royal's profile will give the procedure more exposure, and that as it becomes more well known this technology will become more available to the common day to day person.[20]

Al Muderis has connected prosthetic limbs to dozens of UK soldiers.[19]

The Ministry of Defence (MoD) is spending £2m on trials that will begin in 2016 and involve 20 amputees who will receive Dr Al Muderis' osseointegration procedure.[23] Al Muderis has trained five British surgeons and together they will perform the surgeries and monitor those 20 cases for 2 years. A similar project is in the works for Canada and Houston, Texas.[3]

Al Muderis has presented and published numerous research reports on osseointegration surgery for amputees, how to measure growth rate in children, limited incision plating technique in management of clavicle fracure and describing new patterns of distal clavicle fractures dislocation.[24]

He has written a book about his life and experiences in 2014, called "Walking Free", published by Allen and Unwin.[1]

Humanitarian Work

Beyond the Boats

Al Muderis was involved in a high-level roundtable on asylum and refugee policy held on July 11, 2014 at Parliament House which led to the Asylum and Refugee Policy report, Beyond The Boats: building an asylum and refugee policy for the long term.[25] He related his own experience as a refugee to discussions about a new approach to asylum seeker policy.[26]

Amnesty International

Al Muderis is passionate about campaigning to protect human rights through his work with Amnesty International, including leading the 2015 Human Rights lecture.[27] He has spoken extensively about the plight of refugees and asylum seekers in his various public speaking opportunities and lectures.

Red Cross

Al Muderis in 2015 became the latest Australian ambassador for the Red Cross.[28] The Red Cross recognize Al Muderis as a powerful advocate for their humanitarian work supporting vulnerable asylum seekers and refugees due to his personal experience as a refugee. He has spoken out about the misconceptions around seeking asylum in Australia and joined a panel at a live screening for SBS' "Go Back To Where You Came From"[29][30] in the hopes of building a more compassionate and caring community.[31]

UNHCR

Al Muderis is helping spread the word about the New Roots app developed by Settlement Services International (SSI) together with Beyond Blue to help refugees with physical and mental health, as well as connecting with people by joining local community and sports organisations and attending cultural activities. [32]

Other

Al Muderis visited patients at the Children's Surgical Centre in Cambodia on September 20, 2015 to provide CSC patients with osseointegration procedures.

Successful surgeries

Al Muderis clinics at Norwest Private Hospital, Macquarie University and Sydney Adventist Hospital in Sydney are known worldwide as centres of excellence, according to NEWS.[33]

Personal life

Al Muderis has two sons, Adam and Dean from a previous relationship.[34] He is now married to Irina, a general practitioner. The couple have a daughter, Sophia and a dog, Mozart.[35][36] Al Muderis is seen driving a Porsche, wear German designer clothes and lives in Sydney, Australia.[34]

Books

"Walking free" was published in October 2014,[1] written by Al Muderis and contributed to by Patrick Weaver.[37] It was published by Allen and Unwin.[1] In his book, he shared his life and experience in Iraq under Saddam Hussein's regime, his journey to seek asylum in Australia and how he worked towards being a world leader in osseointegration surgery.[38]

Publications

Media

Both newspaper publications and radio talk shows share the story of Al Muderis, from his journey of fleeing Iraq to his job as an osseointegration surgeon in Sydney, Australia.

Public Speaking

Newspapers and Publications

Radio

TV

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 "Assoc. Prof Al Muderis, Orthopaedic Surgeon". Retrieved 6 April 2015.
  2. 1 2 3 Greg Callaghan (20 September 2014). "The astonishing journey of surgeon Munjed Al Muderis". The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 6 April 2015.
  3. 1 2 3 4 "The Most Incredible Orthopedist You’ll Ever Read About". Orthopedics This Week. Orthopedics This Week. Retrieved 2016-02-29.
  4. 1 2 Lisa Hill. "Walking Free by Munjed Al Muderis, with Patrick Weaver". Retrieved 13 April 2015.
  5. ↑ "From penniless prisoner to bionic surgeon". Retrieved 13 April 2015.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 "Associate Professor Munjed Al Muderis". Retrieved 13 April 2015.
  7. ↑ Al Muderis, Munjed (2014). Walking Free. Australia: Allen & Unwin Australia. ISBN 9781760110727.
  8. 1 2 Fred Hernandez. "Amputee Implant Devices Osseointegration". Retrieved 22 January 2015.
  9. ↑ "Inspiring tale of former refugee Dr Munjed Al Muderis and war hero Michael Swain". News Corp Australia. 8 March 2014. Retrieved 9 April 2015.
  10. ↑ "From penniless prisoner to bionic surgeon". Retrieved 9 April 2015.
  11. ↑ Munjed Al Muderis. "Osseointegration". Retrieved 5 April 2015.
  12. 1 2 "CTV Edmonton News | Local Breaking News, Weather and much more". edmonton.ctvnews.ca. Retrieved 2015-11-04.
  13. ↑ "Specialist Details". Retrieved 13 April 2015.
  14. ↑ "Osseointegration Conference 2015 – Brisbane, Australia". Retrieved 13 April 2015.
  15. ↑ "Australian Orthotic Prosthetist Association Meeting, Orthodynamics Pty Ltd". Retrieved 13 April 2015.
  16. ↑ "Sydney’s leading doctors are our modern day miracle workers". The Daily Telegraph. 21 June 2015.
  17. ↑ "Meet the former refugee who is now a pioneering surgeon". Mail Online. Retrieved 2015-11-05.
  18. ↑ "Queen honours soldier Michael Swain who had ‘bionic legs’ fitted in Australia after losing legs in bomb blast". NewsComAu. Retrieved 2015-11-05.
  19. 1 2 3 "Prince Harry to meet with Munjed Al Muderis whose pioneering surgery is helping UK soldiers walk again". Dailytelegraph.com.au. Retrieved 2016-01-29.
  20. 1 2 3 "A/Prof Munjed Al Muderis: The refugee turned top surgeon who's caught Prince Harry's attention". news.com.au. 7 May 2015.
  21. ↑ "Macquarie University Hospital welcomes HRH Prince Harry | This Week At Macquarie University". www.mq.edu.au. Retrieved 2015-11-05.
  22. 1 2 "Prince Harry farewells Australia, greets fans at Sydney Harbour". ABC News. Retrieved 2015-11-05.
  23. ↑ "Iraqi-born doctor leads scheme helping British military amputees walk again". Independent. 14 December 2015.
  24. ↑ "Specialist Details". Retrieved 14 April 2015.
  25. ↑ "Beyond the boats". CPD. Retrieved 2015-11-03.
  26. 1 2 "A new approach to asylum seeker policy". The Wire. Retrieved 2015-11-03.
  27. ↑ Australia, Amnesty International. "QLD Northern NSW, events, Amnesty International Australia - Working to Protect Human Rights". Amnesty.org.au. Retrieved 2015-11-03.
  28. ↑ "Dr Munjed Al Muderis - new Red Cross Ambassador | Australian Red Cross". Redcross.org.au. 2015-07-07. Retrieved 2016-01-29.
  29. 1 2 "Go Back To Where You Came From | TV Documentary | SBS". Programs. Retrieved 2015-10-29.
  30. ↑ "Know the people, know the facts - Refugee Council of Australia". Refugee Council of Australia. Retrieved 2015-11-03.
  31. 1 2 "Dr Munjed Al Muderis spoke on a panel at a live screening event held in Sydney to kick off SBS' new series of Go Back To Where You Came From". Redcross.org.au. 2015-07-28. Retrieved 2015-10-29.
  32. ↑ Refugees, United Nations High Commissioner for. "New smartphone app helps refugees settle in Australia". UNHCR. Retrieved 2016-02-08.
  33. ↑ "Inspiring tale of former refugee Dr Munjed Al Muderis and war hero Michael Swain". News Corp Australia. 8 March 2014. Retrieved 2 April 2015.
  34. 1 2 Clair Weaver. "From penniless prisoner to big surgeon" (PDF). Retrieved 9 April 2015.
  35. ↑ "Assoc. Prof Al Muderis, Orthopaedic Surgeon". Osseointegration Group of Australia. Retrieved 6 April 2015.
  36. ↑ "Walking Free". Retrieved 6 April 2015.
  37. ↑ "Walking Free". Retrieved 7 April 2015.
  38. ↑ "Walking Free: insight into life as an asylum seeker from Dr Munjed Al Muderis". Retrieved 6 April 2015.
  39. ↑ "The Under-Recognised Capitellar Lesion Associated With Radial Head Fractures (The Pluccar Lesion) | Orthopaedic Proceedings". Bjjprocs.boneandjoint.org.uk. 2012-05-15. Retrieved 2016-01-29.
  40. ↑ "Current evidence of extracorporeal shock wave therapy in chronic Achilles tendinopathy. - PubMed - NCBI". Ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. 2015-09-28. Retrieved 2016-01-29.
  41. ↑ "Minimally invasive medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction for patellar instability using an artificial ligament: A two year follow-up". Sciencedirect.com. Retrieved 2016-01-29.
  42. ↑ "Osseointegrated total knee replacement connected to a lower limb prosthesis: 4 cases. - PubMed - NCBI". Ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. 2015-09-28. Retrieved 2016-01-29.
  43. ↑ "Arthroscopically assisted fixation of the lesser trochanter fracture: a case series". Jhps.oxfordjournals.org. 2014-08-22. Retrieved 2016-01-29.
  44. ↑ "Percutaneous epidural lysis of adhesions in chronic lumbar radicular pain: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. - PubMed - NCBI". Ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. 2015-09-28. Retrieved 2016-01-29.
  45. ↑ "Cementless total hip arthroplasty using the Spongiosa-I fully coated cancellous metal surface: a minimum twenty-year follow-up. - PubMed - NCBI". Ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. 2015-09-28. Retrieved 2016-01-29.
  46. ↑ "Alternative Bearing Designs for Hip Resurfacing Arthroplasty : Techniques in Orthopaedics". Journals.lww.com. 2015-09-01. Retrieved 2016-01-29.
  47. ↑ "Zebra lines of pamidronate therapy in children. - PubMed - NCBI". Ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. 2015-09-28. Retrieved 2016-01-29.
  48. ↑ Said Chaaban; Maha Assi. "Septic Arthritis due to Neisseria meningitidis in the Absence of Meningitis" (PDF). Continuinged.ku.edu. Retrieved 2016-01-29.
  49. ↑ "Australian Ideas Worth Spreading". TEDxSydney.com. Retrieved 2016-01-29.
  50. ↑ "Watch "From Refugee to Medical Revolutionary | Munjed Al Muderis | TEDxSydney" Video at TEDxTalks". TEDxTalks. Retrieved 2015-11-04.
  51. ↑
  52. ↑ Heather McNab (27 September 2014). "'Saddam's men ordered me to amputate deserters' ears': The amazing journey of the Iraqi refugee doctor who fled a brutal regime, sailed to Australia and is now helping wounded soldiers walk again". Daily Mail (London). Retrieved 16 March 2015.
  53. ↑ "Hero soldier 'forced to re-mortgage home to fund new prosthetic limbs'". Mail Online. Retrieved 2016-05-05.
  54. ↑ Megan Doherty. "John Hilton's miracle leg helps his cat, thanks to Dr Munjed Al Muderis". Canberratimes.com.au. Retrieved 2016-01-29.
  55. ↑ "Newsletters & Other Publications" (PDF). Defence Reserves Support. 2016-01-22. Retrieved 2016-01-29.
  56. ↑ "Red Cross welcomes Dr Munjed Al Muderis as new Ambassador". The Advocate. 2015-07-13. Retrieved 2016-01-29.
  57. ↑ Monica Tan. "Refugees in Australia fear speaking out about asylum, ex-detainee says | World news". The Guardian. Retrieved 2016-01-29.
  58. ↑ Bingham, Libby (2013-11-13). "Refugee surgeon rises to top". The Advocate. Retrieved 2016-01-29.
  59. ↑ Johnston, Lucy. "Doctor Muderis who fled Iraq gives back to injured British heroes freed his country U". Express.co.uk. Retrieved 2016-01-29.
  60. ↑ "Prince Harry". Getty Images. Retrieved 2016-01-29.
  61. ↑ "Macquarie University Hospital to welcome Prince Harry". Medianet.com.au. 2015-05-06. Retrieved 2016-01-29.
  62. ↑ "Asylum-seeker policy reviewed from across spectrum | SBS News". Sbs.com.au. 2014-11-05. Retrieved 2016-01-29.
  63. ↑ "First Day: The pioneering surgeon who came to Australia on a leaky boat". SBS News. Retrieved 2016-05-05.
  64. ↑ Anthony Brewster. "From refugee to surgeon | MonthlyChron". Monthlychronicle.com.au. Retrieved 2016-01-29.
  65. ↑ "Prince Harry meets Osseointegration pioneer Munjed Al Muderis". Fieldfisher.com. 2015-05-08. Retrieved 2016-01-29.
  66. ↑ "In focus: technology : The advantages of bionic prosthetics" (PDF). Apha.org.au. Retrieved 2016-01-29.
  67. ↑ Clarke, Lewis (2015-12-07). "Tiverton amputee Caroline heads to Oz for pioneering and life changing surgery | Tiverton Mid Devon Gazette". Middevongazette.co.uk. Retrieved 2016-01-29.
  68. ↑ "Afghanistan war hero remortgages home to undergo reconstructive surgery in Australia". International Business Times UK. Retrieved 2016-02-08.
  69. ↑ Smith, Rachel. "The power of resilience and strong family ties". Precinct News. Retrieved 2016-02-08.
  70. ↑ Halle, Martyn (2015-12-26). "War hero forced to remortgage house to raise £90k for new prosthetic legs". mirror.co.uk. Mirror. Retrieved 2016-04-04.
  71. ↑ Warburton, Dan (2016-01-02). "War hero who remortgaged house for prosthetic legs finds out they're FREE on NHS". mirror.co.uk. Mirror. Retrieved 2016-04-04.
  72. ↑ Halle, Martyn (2016-01-09). "War hero Clive Smith undergoes ground-breaking surgery in Australia". mirror. Retrieved 2016-04-04.
  73. ↑ Owens, Nick (2016-01-16). "Amputee soldier let down by NHS walks again thanks to £90,000 bionic legs". mirror. Retrieved 2016-04-04.
  74. ↑ Ward, Alexander (2016-01-23). "War veteran 'betrayed by NHS' takes first steps on £90k bionic limbs". mirror. Retrieved 2016-04-04.
  75. ↑ Hore, James (2016-03-17). "Soldier who lost legs in Afghanistan walked into house after secretly practicing on prosthetic limbs". mirror. Retrieved 2016-04-04.
  76. ↑ Smith, Rachel (2015-09-26). "The power of resilience and strong family ties". Precinct News. Retrieved 2016-04-04.
  77. ↑ "Afghanistan war veteran has to remortgage home to fund limb surgery". Telegraph.co.uk. Retrieved 2016-05-05.
  78. ↑ "NHS delays leave injured Afghanistan veterans without working prosthetic limbs". Telegraph.co.uk. Retrieved 2016-05-05.
  79. ↑ Margaret Throsby. "DR MUNJED AL MUDERIS". Retrieved 22 March 2015.
  80. ↑ Gabrielle Sparano. "DR MUNJED AL MUDERIS". Retrieved 24 March 2015.
  81. ↑ "Dr Munjed Al Muderis restores mobility with robotic limbs - ABC Conversations with Richard Fidler". Abc.net.au. Retrieved 2016-01-29.
  82. ↑ "The Interview: Dr Munjed Al Muderis - Sunday Nights NLR". Abc.net.au. 2014-09-28. Retrieved 2016-01-29.
  83. ↑ "From refugee to surgeon: Munjed Al Muderis - RN Breakfast - ABC Radio National (Australian Broadcasting Corporation)". Abc.net.au. 2014-09-24. Retrieved 2016-01-29.
  84. ↑ "Dr Munjed Al Muderis | 89.9 LightFM". Lightfm.com.au. 2015-02-18. Retrieved 2016-01-29.
  85. ↑ "Dr. Munjed Al Muderis on fleeing Saddam’s Iraq". FIVEaa. 2014-09-29. Retrieved 2016-01-29.
  86. ↑ "audioBoom / The Interview: Dr Munjed Al Muderis". Audioboom.com. 2014-09-28. Retrieved 2016-01-29.
  87. ↑ "From Baghdad to boat person to bionic surgeon | Nine To Noon, 10:09 am on 27 August 2015 | Radio New Zealand". Radionz.co.nz. 2015-08-27. Retrieved 2016-01-29.
  88. ↑ "Rebuilding a life: Marny Cringle's story". Au.news.yahoo.com. Retrieved 2016-01-29.
  89. ↑ "Cyborgs | SBS News". Sbs.com.au. 2014-10-28. Retrieved 2016-01-29.
  90. ↑ "Dr Munjed Al Muderis and the new Robotic Leg on the 7pm Project". YouTube. 2011-12-06. Retrieved 2016-01-29.
  91. ↑ http://web.archive.org/web/20151117140218/https://au.tv.yahoo.com/sunrise/video/watch/25127246/surviving-suddam/. Archived from the original on 17 November 2015. Retrieved 23 August 2015. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  92. ↑ "7.30 Report - 8/12/2000: Allegations spread to WA refugee detention centre". Abc.net.au. 2000-12-08. Retrieved 2016-01-29.
  93. ↑ "New Zealands next bionic man | TVShows". 3news.co.nz. Retrieved 2016-01-29.
  94. ↑ "BBC World Service - Outlook, Iraqi Doctor Ordered to Maim Deserters". Bbc.co.uk. 2015-01-06. Retrieved 2016-01-29.
  95. ↑ "Amputee soldier pays £90k to walk down the aisle - BBC News". BBC News. Retrieved 2016-05-05.
  96. ↑ "Robotic limb replacements - Al Jazeera English". Facebook. 2015-02-26. Retrieved 2016-01-29.
  97. ↑ "Canadian amputees get ground-breaking artificial legs in Australia". CTVNews. Retrieved 2015-11-04.
  98. ↑ "Special Christmas for Kiwi woman with new prosthetic legs thanks to selfless Iraqi refugee surgeon". One News Now. Retrieved 2016-01-11.
  99. ↑ "Hip Replacement Warning". A Current Affair. Retrieved 2016-05-05.

External links

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