Myriocin

Myriocin

Names
IUPAC name 2-Amino-3,4-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-14-oxoicos-6-enoic acid
Other names Antibiotic ISP-1; Thermozymocidin
Identifiers
CAS Number	35891-70-4
Beilstein Reference	5113331
ChEBI	CHEBI:582124 CHEBI:183131
ChEMBL	ChEMBL55076
ChemSpider	4942874 (2S,3R,4R,6E) 11654743 (6E) 266093 () 21467337 (3S,4S,6E)
IUPHAR/BPS	6664
Jmol interactive 3D	Image Image
KEGG	C19914
PubChem	6438394 (6E) 301119 ()
RTECS number	JX3890000
UN number	2811
InChI InChI=1S/C21H39NO6/c1-2-3-4-10-13-17(24)14-11-8-6-5-7-9-12-15-18(25)19(26)21(22,16-23)20(27)28/h9,12,18-19,23,25-26H,2-8,10-11,13-16,22H2,1H3,(H,27,28) Key: ZZIKIHCNFWXKDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N InChI=1S/C21H39NO6/c1-2-3-4-10-13-17(24)14-11-8-6-5-7-9-12-15-18(25)19(26)21(22,16-23)20(27)28/h9,12,18-19,23,25-26H,2-8,10-11,13-16,22H2,1H3,(H,27,28)/b12-9+/t18-,19+,21+/m1/s1 InChI=1S/C21H39NO6/c1-2-3-4-10-13-17(24)14-11-8-6-5-7-9-12-15-18(25)19(26)21(22,16-23)20(27)28/h9,12,18-19,23,25-26H,2-8,10-11,13-16,22H2,1H3,(H,27,28)/b12-9+/t18-,19+,21+/m1/s1 Key: ZZIKIHCNFWXKDY-GNTQXERDSA-N
SMILES CCCCCCC(=O)CCCCCCC=CCC(O)C(O)C(N)(CO)C(O)=O O=C(O)[C@@](N)([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)C/C=C/CCCCCCC(=O)CCCCCC)CO
Properties
Chemical formula	C21H39NO6
Molar mass	401.54 g/mol
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Infobox references

Myriocin, also known as antibiotic ISP-1 and thermozymocidin, is an atypical amino acid and an antibiotic derived from certain thermophilic fungi. Among the producing strains are Mycelia sterilia^[1] and Isaria sinclairii.

Myriocin is a very potent inhibitor of serine palmitoyltransferase, the first step in sphingosine biosynthesis.^[2] Due to this property, it is used in biochemical research as a tool for depleting cells of sphingolipids.

Myriocin was shown to inhibit the proliferation of an IL-2-dependent mouse cytotoxic T cell line.

Myriocin possesses immunosuppressant activity. It is reported to be 10- to 100-fold more potent than ciclosporin.

The multiple sclerosis drug fingolimod was derived from myriocin by using structure–activity relationship studies to determine the parts of the molecule important to its activity.

References

1. Myriocin from Fermentek
2. Miyake Y, Kozutsumi Y, Nakamura S, Fujita T, Kawasaki T (1995). "Serine palmitoyltransferase is the primary target of a sphingosine-like immunosuppressant, ISP-1/myriocin". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 211 (2): 396–403. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1995.1827. PMID 7794249.