Women's mosques

A women-only mosque in Byblos, Lebanon.

Women's mosques (Chinese: [清真]女寺; pinyin: [Qīngzhēn] nǚ sì) have existed in China for several hundred years.[1] They can be found in the Chinese provinces of Henan, Shanxi and Hebei.[2] Some countries beyond China also have women-only mosques, but they are rare.

In China, separate women-only mosques were built by the Muslim communities there. This is in contrast to Muslim communities outside China, where usually men and women will use the same mosque, with gender-segregated washing and prayer rooms. At the end of the Ming dynasty and early Qing dynasty, Hui women had begun to form their own mosques.[3] The oldest surviving nǚsì in China, is Wangjia Hutong Women's Mosque of Kaifeng, which dates to 1820.[4]

For religious reasons, Hui communities had started to cultivate more theological learning among the women. As a result, a portion of the female Muslims who had experienced a religious education, gradually incorporated Islamic observances into their daily religious activities, and this produced the establishment of women's mosques.[5]

By the 20th century, there were separate places of worship as women-only mosques. They are a special form of the sacred building, either as a separate institution or mosque attached to an existing larger mosque. Their managers are women, wives of the imam of a larger mosque. The commonly used title for it is Shiniang (师娘).[6]

Female imams are referred to as ahong.[4]

List of selected women-only mosques

Women's mosques in China

Xiaotaoyuan Women's Mosque in Shanghai, China.

Women's mosques outside China

Asia

Africa

Europe

North America

Bibliography

See also

External links

References

  1. ↑ Maria Jaschok: "Religious Women in a Chinese City: Ordering the past, recovering the future - Notes from fieldwork in the central Chinese province of Henan". QEH Working Paper Series - QEHWPS125, S.8
  2. ↑ icampus.ucl.ac.be "Les minorités musulmanes en Chine" ("Les mosquées féminines") (gefunden am 1. April 2010)
  3. ↑ vgl. chinalink.de: Die chinesische Frau (gefunden am 1. April 2010)
  4. 1 2 NPR
  5. ↑ cnki.com.cn: Beijing lishi shang de Qingzhen nüsi (gefunden am 1. April 2010)
  6. ↑ vgl. "Weibliche Imame", Quelle: Jaschok, Maria and Jingju Shui, S. 287-292, Übersetzung aus dem Englischen: C. Schneider (gefunden am 1. April 2010) and Ingrid Mattson: "Can a Woman be an Imam?" - macdonald.hartsem.edu (gefunden am 1. April 2010)
  7. ↑ Zhengzhou zählt nach algerie-dz.com: "Mosquées féminines" ("Qingzhen nusi") 18 Männermoscheen und 7 Frauenmoscheen.
  8. ↑ Google Maps
  9. ↑ vgl. flickr.com: A Women's Mosque in Xian (gefunden am 1. April 2010)
  10. ↑ moritzleuenberger.net und sambuh.com: "Abu'l Faiz Khan Mosque (1720)" (gefunden am 1. April); vgl. den Artikel Naqshbandi.
  11. ↑ deutsche-welle.de: Erste Moschee für Frauen in Kabul (gefunden am 1. April 2010)
  12. ↑ haumaldives.wordpress.com: Aid to women’s mosques terminated and women Imam’s left jobless, as if the deprivations the MDP government of Mohamed Nasheed cause is not enough. (gefunden am 1. April) - Siehe auch Islam auf den Malediven (en)
  13. ↑ giga-hamburg.de (gefunden am 1. April 2010)
  14. ↑ unesco.org (gefunden am 1. April)
  15. ↑ welt.de: "Frauenmoschee für niederländische Feministen" (gefunden am 1. April 2010)
  16. ↑ loccum.de: "Wie geht der Dialog weiter?" (gefunden am 1. April 2010) & dmk-berlin.de: "Moscheen und Gebetsräume in Berlin" (gefunden am 1. April 2010)
  17. ↑ Tamara Audi, "Feeling Unwelcome at Mosques, 2 Women Start Their Own in L.A. New Entity Believed to Be the First of Its Kind in the U.S." The Wall Street Journal, January 30, 2015.
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