NHK Cup (shogi)

The NHK Cup (shogi), or as it is officially known the NHK Cup TV Shogi Tournament (NHK杯テレビ将棋トーナメント enu eichi kei hai terebi shōgi tōnamento)[1] is a professional shogi tournament organized by the Japan Shogi Association (日本将棋連盟 nihon shōgi renmei), or JSA,[2] and sponsored by the Japan's public broadcaster NHK (日本放送協会 nippon hōsō kyōkai).[3]

History

Formerly known as the NHK Cup Competition Shogi Tournament (NHK杯争奪将棋トーナメント enu eichi kei hai sōdatsu tōnamento), the 1st NHK Cup was held in 1951 with eight shogi professionals (棋士 kishi)[lower-alpha 1] The winner was Yoshio Kimura, who held the Meijin title at the time. Prior to 1962, the tournament was broadcast only on the radio, but starting with the 12th NHK Cup (1962), the tournament moved to television.[4] The 26th NHK Cup (1976) was the first to be broadcast in color.[5]

Up until and including the 15th NHK Cup (1965), only Class A professionals[lower-alpha 2] were allowed to participate. When the number of players was increased from 8 to 16 for the 16th NHK Cup (1966), the tournament became open to other professionals as well. The number of players was increased again from 16 to 26 for the 27th NHK Cup (1977) and to its current level of 50 for the 31st NHK Cup (1981). In addition, the preliminary tournaments also started with the 31st NHK Cup.

Women's professionals (女流棋士 jōryū kishi)[lower-alpha 3] were allowed to participate for the first time in the 43rd NHK Cup (1993). Hiroe Nakai was the first woman to participate in the tournament. To commemorate of tournament's 60th anniversary, the number of players was increased to 51 players for the 60th NHK Cup (2010) to allow a second woman professional to participate.[8] The number of players returned to 50 for the 61st NHK Cup (2011).

Although tournament games are typically recorded in advance in a closed studio for broadcast at a later date, the final of the 45th NHK Cup (1995) was the first to be held before a studio audience. This was repeated again for the final of the 49th NHK Cup (1999). The final for the 57th NHK Cup (2007) was the first to be broadcast live.

To commemorate the tournament's 50th anniversary, the final of the 50th NHK Cup (2000) was held at the Kansai Shogi Kaikan (関西将棋会館 kansai shōgi kaikan). This was the first time that a final was held outside of Tokyo.

The tournament returned to radio in 2010, when the final of 60th NHK Cup was also broadcast on the NHK Radio 1.[9] The finals for both the 61st and 62nd NHK Cups were also broadcast on NHK Radio 1.[10][11] In addition, each tournament game can also be viewed online for a short period of time after it has been broadcast and for a small fee using the NHK On Demand service.[12] This video-on-demand (VOD) service, however, is currently only available to those living in Japan.[13] In April 2014, NHK discontinued this service for the 64th NHK Cup.[14]

Format

The tournament is actually made up of two parts: the main tournament, and preliminary tournaments. The main tournament is a 6-round single elimination tournament in which 50 players (divided into two 25-player blocks: "Block A" and "Block B") compete for the title of "NHK Cup Champion". The first 4 rounds determine the four players who will meet in the two semifinals to determine the winner of each block; The two block winners then meet in the final to determine the overall tournament winner. All of the games played in the main tournament are televised.[4]

Participants

A total of 50 players complete in the main tournament: 49 professionals and one women's professional.[15] Of the 50 players, 32 are seeded and 18 are preliminary tournament winners.[4] Seeded players are determined based upon their results as of December 31 of the previous year. The criteria for selecting seeded players are as follows:[16]

  1. The winner, runner-up and two losing semifinalists from the previous year's tournament. (These players are guaranteed not to be paired with each other until the semifinal round (round 5))
  2. Current titleholders of the seven main titles: Meijin, Ryūō, Kiō, ōshō, ōza, ōi and Kisei
  3. Lifetime title holders or those who have qualified for such titles (including "Lifetime NHK Cup champions") and players in either Class A or Class B1.
  4. Winners of other tournaments during the previous year.
  5. One reigning women's title holder.
  6. Players who had performed at an exceptionally high level during the previous year. Typically, these are players who ranked at the top in terms of the number of games played, number of games won, and winning percentage on the JSA's year end ranking of players. (The actual number varies depending upon the number of players selected according to Nos. 1 through 4 above)

Among the seeded players, fourteen are directly seeded into round 2 and, thus, only need to win five games to win the tournament. These include the defending NHK Cup Champion, the previous year's runner-up, the previous year's other two semifinalists, and all of the players in Class A as of December 31 of the previous year. Occasionally other players are also seeded into round 2 in order to complete the fourteen if necessary; This often happens when one or more of the Class A players is also one of the previous year's tournament's semifinalists or a reigning major title holder.

Professionals who do not qualify as one of the aforementioned seeds must win a preliminary tournament in order to advance to the main tournament. A total of eighteen 3-round single elimination preliminary tournaments are held in the Kanto and Kansai regions of Japan during the February before the tournament: twelve are held at the Tokyo Shogi Kaikan (東京将棋会館 tōkyō shōgi kaikan) and six are held at the Kansai Shogi Kaikan. The preliminary tournaments are one-day tournaments open and, depending upon the number of players playing (typically seven to eight players per tournament), the winner must win either two or three consecutive games to win the tournament.[4]

Brackets

Both the preliminaries and the main tournament use a bracket system. In the main tournament, there are 6 rounds in each bracket. In round 1, there are 9 games played in each bracket and the winners of those games advance to round 2. In round 2, there are 8 games played in each bracket and the winners advance to round 3. In round 3, the remaining 8 players in each bracket compete for the right to advance to the quarterfinals. The quarterfinalists then play each other for a spot in the semifinals; and finally, the last 4 players face each other for a spot in the final. A total of 47 games are played in a tournament; However, this may end up being more if there are any games replayed because they ended in "repetition" (千日手 sen'nichite) or "impasse" (持将棋 jishōgi).

Time controls

The NHK Cup is a "quick play" (早指し hayazashi) tournament with time controls that are quite short in comparison to those of the major shogi titles. The entire game usually lasts no more than ninety minutes whereas a major title game often spans two days, and a single move can take hours. An analog chess clock is used to keep track of each player's first time control. Unlike professional chess tournaments, professional shogi players do not have to manage their own clocks or keep the game score. An official "game score keeper" (記録係 kiroku gakari), typically a shōreikai member, keeps the official record of the game and keeps track of each player's time. [lower-alpha 4] In addition to the official game score keeper, there is also an "official game score reader" (棋譜読み上げ kifū yomiage) who announces each move after it is played as well as the total number of moves played and the final result once the game has finished. The official game score reader for main tournament games is typically a women's professional.

Preliminary tournaments

The first time control (持ち時間 mochi jikan) is 20 minutes per player followed by a byōyomi time control of 30 seconds per move. A player in byōyomi who fails to make their move within 30 seconds loses the game. The remaining seconds of byōyomi are counted down by the official game score keeper.[18]

Main tournament (televised games)

The first time control is 10 minutes per player. Once this 10 minutes has been used up, a second time control of 10 one-minute periods of "thinking time" (考慮時間 kōryō jikan) starts.[lower-alpha 5] When a player has used up all of their thinking time periods, a final byōyomi time control of 30 seconds per move begins.[18][19] The official game score keeper counts down the remaining seconds of a thinking time period, announces when a player has used up one of these periods as well as the number of periods remaining, and counts down the remaining seconds of the byōyomi time control.

Tournament records

Lifetime NHK Cup Champions

Players who win the tournament a total of 10 times qualify for the title "Lifetime NHK Cup Champion" and as such are granted a lifetime seed into all future NHK Cups. To date, only Yoshiharu Habu has qualified to be a Lifetime NHK Cup Champion[lower-alpha 7] Habu has won the tournament a total of 10 times. The next closest is Yasuharu Ōyama (deceased) who won the tournament 8 times,[4] and the next closest currently active player is Hifumi Katō who has won the tournament 7 times.[4] Habu qualified for the title by beating Akira Watanabe to win the 61st NHK Cup (2011) on March 18, 2012.[21][23]

Past winners

The following is a list of the winners and runner-ups for past NHK Cup TV Shogi Tournaments.[24] Western order (first name, family name) is used for names.[lower-alpha 8] "No." refers to number of times the tournament had been held up until that time, and "year" refers to the year in which the tournament began. [lower-alpha 9] The number in the parenthesis next to the winner's name is the number of times that they had won the tournament up until that point.[lower-alpha 10]

No. Year Winner Runner-up
1 1951 Yoshio Kimura Kōzō Masuda
2 1952 Kōzō Masuda Yūzō Maruta
3 1953 Masao Tsukada Motoji Hanamura
4 1954 Yasuharu Ōyama Masao Tsukada
5 1955 Yasuharu Ōyama (2) Renshō Nada
6 1956 Yasuo Harada Renshō Nada
7 1957 Kōzō Masuda (2) Renshō Nada
8 1958 Renshō Nada Yasuharu Ōyama
9 1959 Yūzō Maruta Genichi Ōno
10 1960 Hifumi Katō Yasuharu Ōyama
11 1961 Yasuharu Ōyama (3) Hiroji Katō
12 1962 Renshō Nada (2) Kōzō Masuda
13 1963 Kōzō Masuda (3) Hifumi Katō
14 1964 Yasuharu Ōyama (4) Masao Tsukada
15 1965 Yūzō Maruta (2) Kōzō Masuda
16 1966 Hifumi Katō (2) Tatsuya Futagami
17 1967 Noboru Ōtomo Tatsuya Futagami
18 1968 Yūzō Maruta (3) Michiyoshi Yamada
19 1969 Kunio Naitō Shigeru Sekine
20 1970 Yasuharu Ōyama (5) Makoto Nakahara
21 1971 Hifumi Katō (3) Nobuyuki Ōuchi
22 1972 Yasuharu Ōyama (6) Kunio Yonenaga
23 1973 Hifumi Katō (4) Kunio Naitō
24 1974 Makoto Nakahara Kunio Naitō
25 1975 Nobuyuki Ōuchi Tatsuya Futagami
26 1976 Hifumi Katō (5) Kunio Yonenaga
27 1977 Makoto Nakahara (2) Hifumi Katō
28 1978 Kunio Yonenaga Kazuo Manabe
29 1979 Yasuharu Ōyama (7) Keiji Mori
30 1980 Michio Ariyoshi Makoto Nakahara
31 1981 Hifumi Katō (6) Hatasu Itō
32 1982 Makoto Nakahara (3) Teruichi Aono
33 1983 Yasuharu Ōyama (8) Hifumi Katō
No. Year Winner Runner-up
34 1984 Torahiko Tanaka Hifumi Katō
35 1985 Kōji Tanigawa Kunio Naitō
36 1986 Yūji Maeda Keiji Mori
37 1987 Makoto Nakahara (4) Osamu Nakamura
38 1988 Yoshiharu Habu Makoto Nakahara
39 1989 Yōichi Kushida Akira Shima
40 1990 Manabu Senzaki Yoshikazu Minami
41 1991 Yoshiharu Habu (2) Yasuaki Tsukada
42 1992 Makoto Nakahara (5) Akira Shima
43 1993 Hifumi Katō (7) Yasumitsu Satō
44 1994 Makoto Nakahara (6) Kunio Yonenaga
45 1995 Yoshiharu Habu (3) Daisuke Nakagawa
46 1996 Toshiyuki Moriuchi Nobuyuki Yashiki
47 1997 Yoshiharu Habu (4) Satoshi Murayama
48 1998 Yoshiharu Habu (5) Kazushiza Horiguchi
49 1999 Daisuke Suzuki Masataka Gōda
50 2000 Yoshiharu Habu (6) Toshiaki Kubo
51 2001 Toshiyuki Moriuchi (2)[25] Yasumitsu Satō
52 2002 Hiroyuki Miura Manabu Senzaki
53 2003 Toshiaki Kubo Yoshiharu Habu
54 2004 Takayuki Yamasaki Yoshiharu Habu
55 2005 Tadahisa Maruyama Akira Watanabe
56 2006 Yasumitsu Satō Toshiyuki Moriuchi
57 2007 Yasumitsu Satō (2) Daisuke Suzuki
58 2008 Yoshiharu Habu (7) Toshiyuki Moriuchi
59 2009 Yoshiharu Habu (8) Tetsurō Itodani
60 2010 Yoshiharu Habu (9) Tetsurō Itodani
61 2011 Yoshiharu Habu (10)[23] Akira Watanabe
62 2012 Akira Watanabe[26] Yoshiharu Habu
632013 Masataka Gōda [27] Tadahisa Maruyama
642014 Toshiyuki Moriuchi (3)[25] Hisashi Namekata
652015 Yasuaki Murayama[28] Shōta Chida

Women's professionals

Women's professionals have been participating in the tournament since the 43rd NHK Cup (1993). The following table shows those who have participated in the tournament over the years as well as their opponents and results.

No. Year Name Opponent Result
43 1993 Hiroe Nakai Manabu Senzaki 5d L
44 1994 Ichiyo Shimizu Shingo Hirafuji 4d L
45 1995 Ichiyo Shimizu Naruyuki Hatakeyama 5d L
46 1996 Ichiyo Shimizu Hiroki Iizuka 4d L
47 1997 Ichiyo Shimizu Koichi Fukaura 5d L
48 1998 Ichiyo Shimizu Kensuke Kitahama 6d L
49 1999 Ichiyo Shimizu Akio Ichikawa 6d L[29]
50 2000 Hiroe Nakai Hirotaka Nozuki 4d L[30]
51 2001 Ichiyo Shimizu Naruyuki Hatakeyama 6d L[31]
52 2002 Ichiyo Shimizu Jun'ichi Kase 6d L[32]
53 2003 Hiroe Nakai Mamoru Hatakeyama 6d W[33][34]
Teruichi Aono 9dW[33][34]
Makoto Nakahara Lifetime 10d L[33][34]
54 2004 Hiroe Nakai Shūji Satō 6d W[35][36]
Yasumitsu Satō KiseiL[35][36]
No. Year Name OpponentResult
55 2005 Ichiyo Shimizu Takeshi Kawakami 5d L[37][38]
56 2006 Ryoko Chiba Isao Nakata 7d L[39][40]
57 2007 Ryoko Chiba Kazutoshi Satō 4d L[41][42]
58 2008 Ichiyo Shimizu Tetsurō Itodani 4d L[43][44]
59 2009 Rieko Yauchi Yōichi Kushida 6d L[45][46]
60 2010 Kana Satomi Hiroshi Kobayashi 6d L[8][47]
Ichiyo Shimizu Kazushiza Horiguchi 7d L[8][48]
61 2011 Tomomi Kai Akira Shima 9d L[49][50]
62 2012 Tomomi Kai Hirotaka Nozuki 7d L[51][52]
63 2013 Hatsumi Utsumi Kazuhiro Nishikwa 4d L[53][54]
64 2014 Manao Kagawa Manabu Kumasaka 5d L[55][56]
65 2015 Tomomi Kai Tetsuya Fujimori 4d L[57]

Note: "W" stands for "won" and "L" stands for "lost".

Preliminaries

Since 2005, the women's professional seed has been determined by a playoff between the reigning women's title holders.[4] There are currently six major women's titles [lower-alpha 11] and in cases where there are three or more different title holders, the playoff takes the form of a tournament. Starting with the 55th NHK Cup (2005), women's title holders who are also members of the shōreikai became ineligible to compete for this seed. The women's preliminaries are recorded for broadcast at a later date, typically on the Sunday between the second semifinal game and the final. The time controls for the final are the same as the time controls for main tournament games. Winner's names are in bold.

No. YearName(s) Note
55 2005 Ichiyo Shimizu, Hiroe Nakai Shimizu (Women's Meijin, Women's ōi, Kurashiki Tōka), Nakai (Women's ōshō)[58]
56 2006 Ryoko Chiba, Ichiyo Shimizu Chiba (Women's ōshō), Shimizu (Women's Meijin, Women's ōi, Kurashiki Tōka)[59]
57 2007 Ryoko Chiba, Ichiyo Shimizu, Rieko Yauchi, Haruko Saida Chiba (Women's ōshō), Shimizu (Women's ōi), Yauchi (Women's Meijin) and Saida (Kurashiki Tōka). Chiba beat Saida and Shimizu beat Yauchi in Rd. 1. Chiba then beat Shimizu in Rd. 2.[60]
58 2008 Ichiyo Shimizu, Rieko Yauchi, Sachio Ishibashi Shimizu (Women's ōshō, Kurashiki Tōka), Yauchi (Women's Meijin, Mynavi Open), Ishibashi (Women's ōi). Shimizu given bye and Yauchi beat Ishibashi in Rd. 1. Shimizu then beat Yauchi in Rd. 2.[61]
59 2009 Rieko Yauchi, Sachio Ishibashi, Ichiyo Shimizu, Kana Satomi Yauchi (Mynavi Open), Ishibashi (Women's ōi), Shimizu (Women's Meijin, Women's ōshō), Satomi (Kurashiki Tōka). Yauchi beat Shimizu and Ishibashi beat Satomi in Rd. 1. Yauchi then beat Ishibashi in Rd. 2.[62]
60 2010 Ichiyo Shimizu, Kana Satomi, Rieko Yauchi Shimizu (Women's ōi, Women's ōshō), Satomi (Women's Meijin, Kurashiki Tōka), Yauchi (Mynavi Open). Double-elimination tournament used since two spots available: Yauchi lost first game to Satomi and second game to Shimizu.[63]
61 2011 Tomomi Kai, Kana Satomi Kai (Women's ōi, Mynavi Open), Satomi (Women's Meijin, Women's ōshō, Kurashiki Tōka)[64]
62 2012 Tomomi Kai, Hatsumi Ueda Kai (Women's ōi), Ueda (Mynavi Open)[lower-alpha 12]
63 2013 Hatsumi Ueda Ueda (Mynavi Open) [lower-alpha 13]
642014Manao Kagawa, Tomomi Kai Kagawa (Women's ōshō), Kai (Women's ōi, Kurashiki Tōka).[65][lower-alpha 14]
652015Tomomi Kai, Manao KagawaKai (Women's ōi, Kurashiki Tōka), Kagawa (Women's ōshō).[66][lower-alpha 15]

Broadcasts

Television

The tournament lasts roughly one year from April to the following March. Tournament games are televised each Sunday from 10:30 am to 12:00 pm Japan Standard Time (JST) on NHK Educational TV (NHK-E)[1] and live commentary and analysis is provided by two commentators (shogi professionals): A women's professional who serves as the tournament's host and a professional who serves as the guest display board analyst.

The games are recorded in advance for broadcast at a later date. Before each game, the host briefly interviews each player and asks them about the upcoming game. The players typically sit across from each other seiza-style on zabutons placed on tatami mats in a Japanese-style room (the main studio set) while the two commentators stand before a display board in another studio. Although the player who moves first sits on the left (from the TV audience's perspective), the higher ranked player still takes the ōshō (king general) regardless of the result of the piece toss. Sitting parallel to board at a small table are the official time keeper and the official game score reader. Multiple cameras are used to provide overhead shots of the board, particularly when a player makes a move, wide shots or close-ups of both players when thinking and of the two commentators.[4] In addition, special single-character shogi pieces are used so that they can easily be seen by television audience. Once a game has finished, the two commentators join the two players on the main set and post-game analysis takes place broadcast time permitting.

Women's professionals began serving as tournament hosts for the 41st NHK Cup (1991) and usually serve in such a capacity for three tournaments (i.e., three years) before being replaced. The following table shows the hosts since 1991.

Nos. Years Host
41-43 1991-1993 Harue Tanikawa
44-46 1994-1996 Kumi Yamada
47-49 1997-1999 Natsuko Fujimori
50-52 2000-2002 Akiko Nakakura
53-55 2003-2005 Ryoko Chiba
Nos. Years Host
56-58 2006-2008 Hiromi Nakakura
59-63 2009-2013 Rieko Yauchi
64-65 2014-2015 Ichiyo Shimizu
66- 2016- Aya Fujita[67]

The tournament final is hosted by an NHK announcer. The two finalists are joined in a separate studio by the NHK announcer, the tournament's women's professional host and a guest analyst (or analysts) for interviews and some small talk. Each of the finalists is asked to comment on their play throughout the tournament and the upcoming final. The women's professional host and the guest analyst(s) are also asked to give their impressions of tournament and thoughts on the final. Everyone gathers again in the same studio after the final has finished for the awards ceremony where a NHK executive presents the winner with the NHK Cup (trophy) and a certificate, and the runner-up with a certificate. The NHK announcer then conducts some final interviews, and briefly previews the next NHK Cup before the broadcast ends.

Radio

From the 1st NHK Cup (1951) until the 11th NHK Cup (1961), the tournament was exclusively broadcast on NHK Radio. The radio broadcasts stopped, however, once the tournament switched to television in 1962 for the 12th NHK Cup.[4]

The tournament returned to radio in 2011 when the final of the 60th NHK Cup was broadcast on NHK-1 Radio in honor of the 60th anniversary of the tournament. The program was hosted by an NHK announcer and commentary was provided by 3 professionals. NHK also created a website people could not only listen to the audio commentary, but could also follow the moves online. Even though the broadcast was not live, it proved to be fairly popular so NHK also did the same for the finals of both the 61st and 62nd NHK Cups as well. The player listed first was sente, and the winner's name is in bold.

No. Players Broadcast Date Host Analyst
60 Yoshiharu Habu vs. Testurō Itadani May 5, 2011 Nobuo Murakami Kunio Yonegawa, Akira Watanabe, Yasumitsu Satō
61 Yoshiharu Habu vs. Akira Watanabe March 20, 2012 Nobuo MurakamiKuni Yonenaga, Kōji Tanigawa, Takanori Hashimoto
62 Akira Watanabe vs. Yoshiharu Habu May 3, 2013 Taiga Sekiguchi Akira Shima, Kazuki Kimura, Takanori Hashimoto

Notable events

Habu beats four Meijins

In the 38th NHK Cup (1988), 18-year-old Yoshiharu Habu (at the time only a 5 dan), beat 3 former Meijin and the reigning Meijin in consecutive games on the way to his first NHK Cup championship. He defeated former Meijin Yasuharu Ōyama in round 3, former Meijin Hifumi Katō in the quarterfinals, reigning Meijin Kōji Tanigawa in the semifinals and former Meijin Makoto Nakahara in the finals.[68][69]

Nakai's wins

Hiroe Nakai became the first women's professional to win a NHK Cup game. She won her round 1 game of the 53rd NHK Cup (2003) against Mamoru Hatakeyama [33][34] and then in round 2 won against Teruichi Aono (who was in Class A at the time).[70] She lost in round 3 to Makoto Nakahara.[33][34] The following year Nakai also qualified for the 54th NHK Cup (2004) and continued her high level of play by beating Shūji Satō in round 1.[35][36] In round 2, Nakai faced Yasumitsu Satō who was the reigning Kisei title holder. Nakai obtained an advantageous position against Satō, but was unable to convert it into a win.[35][36] Nakai is still the only women's professional to have won a NHK Cup game.[71]

Same final four

The four semifinalists of the 59th NHK Cup (2009) were Yoshiharu Habu, Tetsurō Itadani, Tadahisa Maruyama and Akira Watanabe. Habu beat Maruyama in one semifinal and Itodani beat Watanabe in the other; Habu then beat Itodani in the final.[46][72] The next year in the 60th NHK Cup (2010), the same four players also made it to the semifinals. This time Habu beat Watanabe and Itodani beat Maruyama to make it to the finals where Habu once again beat Itodani to win the championship.[8][73]

Disqualifications

In Round 3 of the 46th NHK Cup (1996), Kenji Kobayashi lost on time to Nobuyuki Yashiki when he failed to complete his move within 30 seconds during byōyomi. Kobayashi picked up one of his pieces to make a move only to realize that said move would allow Yashiki to mate in one. Kobayashi tried to return the piece he was holding back to its original square and make a different move, but was unable to do so before the official time keeper for the game Hirotaka Nozuki (a Shōreikai 3 dan at the time) had counted to 30 and the time is up buzzer sounded. This is the only time that a player has lost a NHK Cup game on time.[74]

Takahiro Toyokawa (6 dan at the time) in round 1 of the 54th NHK Cup (2004),[75] Ayumu Matsuo (5 dan at the time) in round 1 of the 55th NHK Cup (2005) and Takanori Hashimoto (8 dan at the time) in the semifinals of the 64th NHK Cup (2014)[76] each lost games for making an illegal move called nifu.[77]

Two sen'nichite

In the 61st NHK Cup (2011), the Round 1 game between Takuya Nagase (sente) and Yasumitsu Satō (gote) ended in sen'nichite. Sente and gote were switched and the game was replayed. The second game also ended in sen'nichite. Sente and gote were switched again and a third game was played between the two which Nagase won.

Student vs. teacher

A young amateur player aspiring to become a professional typically asks a more experienced professional to formally become their sponsor (i.e., teacher/mentor) and help them through the process. In some cases, the "student" may even decide to go live with their "teacher" and family. There have been two occasions in NHK Cup play where a student has played their teacher, and on both occasions the student won: Tatsuya Sugai beat Keita Inoue in round 2 of the 61st NHK Cup (2011) and Daisuke Nakagawa beat Kunio Yonenaga in quarterfinals of the 45th NHK Cup (1995).

Notes

  1. ↑ The word kishi refers to shogi players officially awarded professional status by the JSA. Only amateurs strong enough to join and graduate from the JSA's Apprentice professional training school (奨励会 shōreikai) are awarded kishi status and the rank of professional 4 dan.
  2. ↑ Most JSA professionals compete in "ranking leagues" (順位戦 jun'isen). Performance in these leagues impacts the type of tournaments a professional can compete in as well as the salary and other monies (e.g., appearance fees, match fees, etc.) they receive from the JSA and others. There are five ranking leagues, or classes and games are held from June to March. Class A is the top class and the winner earns the right to challenge the reigning Meijin in the next Meijin title match. Professionals in classes B1, B2, C1 and C2 not only compete for promotion to the next highest class, but also to avoid demotion to the next lowest class. Professionals demoted from Class C2 become free class (フリークラス furīkurasu) professionals and must satisfy certain conditions before being allowed to rejoin Class C2. Failure to do so often leads to retirement.
  3. ↑ Women's professional ranks and status are different from those granted to professionals. Women's professional are recognized by the JSA, but they are only granted kishi status upon completion of the shōreikai. To date, there have been women (including some currently active women's professionals) who have successfully qualified for the shōreikai, but so far not one has successfully graduated. Only three women have made it as far as 1 dan in the shōrekai[6] and of those three only one has made it as far as 3 dan.[7]
  4. ↑ The official game score keeper also performs the "piece toss" (振り駒 furigoma) prior to the game to determine the "player who moves first" (先手 sente).[17]
  5. ↑ Each player is given 30 seconds to make a move. If a player makes a move within 30 seconds, no thinking time periods are used. If, however, the player takes more than 30 seconds to make a move, a thinking time period begins and the player will then have 1 minute (more specifically 59 seconds) to make a move before entering the next thinking time period. This process is repeated until the player has used all 10 thinking time periods.
  6. ↑ Gote (後手) refers to the "player who moves second".
  7. ↑ Although lifetime titles in professional shogi are, in principle, only officially awarded to those who qualify upon their retirement or death, it is not usual for those still active to be referred to by their titles as a sign of respect. Unlike other lifetime titles, however, the Lifetime NHK Cup Champion title is officially awarded after qualification regardless of whether the player is still active.
  8. ↑ For the traditional Japanese naming order please see Japanese names in English and Western languages
  9. ↑ The JSA does not, in general, use calendar years to identify it's tournaments. It uses ordinal numbers and the counter words kai (回) or ki (期) instead to refer to a tournament by the number of "times" or "periods" it has been held to date. For example, the tournament that began in April 2013 and ended in March 2014, is officially referred to as the 63rd NHK Cup TV Shogi Tournament" because it was the 63rd time the tournament had been held. Winners of tournaments are referred to in a similar fashion, e.g., the winner of the 2013-2014 tournament is called the "63rd NHK Cup Champion".
  10. ↑ For example, a "(2)" next to a winner's name means that this was the second time they won the tournament.
  11. ↑ the Women's Meijin, the Women's ōi, the Women's ōshō, the Kurashiki Tōka, the Mynavi Women's Open (established in 2007) and the Women's ōza (established in 2011).
  12. ↑ Remaining women's titleholders ineligible because they were shōreikai members: Kana Satomi 3 Crown (Women's Meijin, Kurashiki Tōka, Women's ōshō) and Momoko Katō (Women's ōza).
  13. ↑ Remaining women's titleholders ineligible because they were shōreikai members: Kana Satomi 4 Crown (Women's Meijin, Kurashiki Tōka, Women's ōshō, Women's ōi) and Momoko Katō (Women's ōza).
  14. ↑ Remaining women's titleholder ineligible because she was a shōreikai member: Kana Satomi 3 Crown (Women's Meijin, Mynavi Open and Women's ōza)
  15. ↑ Remaining women's titleholders ineligible because they were shōreikai members: Kana Satomi 3 Crown (Women's Meijin) and Momoko Katō (Mynavi Open and Women's ōza)

References

  1. 1 2 "NHK Terebi Shōgi Tōnamento" NHKテレビ将棋トーナメント [NHK TV Shogi Tournament] (in Japanese). NHK. Retrieved 31 March 2014.
  2. ↑ "Kōeki Shadan Hōjin Nippon Shōgi Renmei" 公益社団法人日本将棋連盟 [Japan Shogi Association] (in Japanese). 日本将棋連盟 [Japan Shogi Association]. 31 March 2014. Retrieved 31 March 2014.
  3. ↑ "NHK Hai Shōgi Tōnamento" NHK杯将棋トーナメント [NHK Cup Shogi Tournament] (in Japanese). 日本将棋連盟 [Japan Shogi Association]. Retrieved 31 March 2014.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 "Tokushū: Kore ga NHK Hai da!" 特集: これがNHK杯だ! [Special feature: This is the NHK Cup!]. 将棋フォーカス [Shogi Focus] (in Japanese). 19 April 2015. Event occurs at 14:31. NHK Educational TV. Archived from the original on 27 August 2015. Retrieved 26 March 2015.
  5. ↑ "Tokushū: NHK Haisen Midokoro Shōkai!" 特集: NHK杯戦 見どころ紹介! [Special feature: Introducing the high points of the NHK Cup!]. 将棋フォーカス [Shogi Focus] (in Japanese). 10 April 2016. Event occurs at 17:10. NHK Educational TV. Retrieved 13 April 2016.
  6. ↑ "Katō Momoko Shōreikai Ikkyū, Shodan!" 加藤桃子奨励会1級, 初段に昇段！ [Momoko Katō Apprentice Professional 1 Kyū Promoted to 1 Dan] (in Japanese). 日本将棋連盟 [Japan Shogi Association]. 12 May 2014. Retrieved 21 May 2014.
  7. ↑ "Satomi Joryū Sankan, Shōreikai Sanan ni Josei Hatsu no Kishi Saishū Kanmon" 里見女流三冠, 奨励会三段に 女性初の棋士へ最終関門 [Satomi Women's 3 Crown, Promoted to Apprentice Professional 3 Dan, Last Barrier Before Becoming First Woman "Regular" Shogi Professional]. 朝日新聞デジタル [Asashi Shimbun Digital] (in Japanese) (Tokyo, Japan: The Asahi Shimbun Company). 23 December 2013. Retrieved 21 May 2014.
  8. 1 2 3 4 "Dai 60kai NHK Haisen honsen" 第60回NHK杯戦 本戦 [60th NHK Cup Tournament: Main] (in Japanese). 日本将棋連盟 [Japan Shogi Association]. 2010. Retrieved 29 August 2014.
  9. ↑ "'Fukkatsu! Rajio NHK Hai Tōnomento' Netto Haishin no Oshirase" ｢復活！ラジオNHK杯トーナメント｣ ネット配信のお知らせ [It's back! "Radio NHK Cup Tournament" webcast announcement] (in Japanese). 日本将棋連盟 [Japan Shogi Association]. 12 November 2011. Retrieved 24 March 2014.
  10. ↑ "Rajio NHK Hai Shōgi Tōnamento Dai 61kai Kesshōsen" ラジオNHK杯将棋トーナメント第61回決勝戦 [Radio NHK Cup Shogi Tournament 61st Finals] (in Japanese). NHK. 20 March 2012. Archived from the original on September 14, 2013. Retrieved 27 December 2013.
  11. ↑ "Rajio NHK Hai Shōgi Tōnamento Dai 62kai Kesshōsen" ラジオNHK杯将棋トーナメント第62回決勝戦 [Radio NHK Shogi Tournament 62nd Finals] (in Japanese). NHK. 3 May 2013. Archived from the original on July 23, 2013. Retrieved 27 December 2013.
  12. ↑ "NHK Ondemando NHK Hai Terebi Shōgi Tōnamento" NHKオンデマンドNHK杯テレビ将棋トーナメント [NHK On Demand: NHK Cup TV Shogi Tournament] (in Japanese). NHK. Retrieved 27 December 2013.
  13. ↑ "1-14: Kaigai demo Riyō Dekimasuka" 1-14:海外でも利用できますか [NHK On Demand FAQ #1-14: Can this also be used overseas?] (in Japanese). NHK. Retrieved 27 December 2013.
  14. ↑ "Dai 64kai NHK Terebi Shōgi Tōnamento: Saihōsō - NHK Ondemando de no Haishin wa Arimasen" 第64回NHKテレビ将棋トーナメント:再放送・NHKオンデマンドでの配信はありません。 [64th NHK TV Shogi Tournament: No rebroadcast or NHK On Demand transmission] (in Japanese). NHK. Retrieved 6 June 2014.
  15. ↑ "NHK Shōgi Tōnamento Gaiyō" NHK将棋トーナメント概要 [NHK Shogi Tournament outline] (in Japanese). 日本将棋連盟 [Japan Shogi Association]. Retrieved 31 March 2014.
  16. ↑ "NHK Terebi Shōgi Tōnamento no Shūtsujō Shikaku (Senbatsu Hōhō)" NHKテレビ将棋トーナメントの出場資格(選抜方法) [NHK TV Shogi Tournament participation qualifications (selection process)] (in Japanese). NHK. Retrieved 31 March 2014.
  17. ↑ "Lesson 4: The Players". 81-square Universe. Retrieved 6 January 2014.
  18. 1 2 "NHK Hai Shūgi Tūnamento Gaiyū" NHK杯将棋トーナメント概要 [NHK Cup Shogi Tournament Overview] (in Japanese). 日本将棋連盟 [Japan Shogi Association]. Retrieved 29 August 2014.
  19. ↑ "Taikyoku no Rūru" 対局のルール [Game rules] (in Japanese). NHK. Retrieved 29 December 2013.
  20. ↑ "Kishi Introduction: Habu Yoshiharu - Yūshō Rireki" 棋士紹介:羽生善治-優勝履歴 [Player profile: Yoshiharu Habu, Tournament Championships] (in Japanese). 日本将棋連盟 [Japan Shogi Association]. Retrieved 29 August 2014.
  21. 1 2 "Habu Yoshiharu, Meiyo NHK Hai ni!" 羽生善治二冠, 名誉NHK杯に！ [Yoshiharu Habu 2 Crown, Lifetime NHK Cup!] (in Japanese). 日本将棋連盟 [Japan Shogi Association]. 19 March 2012. Retrieved 21 December 2013.
  22. ↑ "Dai 60kai NHK Hai Junkesshō Dai ni Kyoku" 第60回NHK杯準決勝第2局 [60th NHK Cup Semifinal #2] (in Japanese). NHK. 20 March 2011. Retrieved 27 December 2013.
  23. 1 2 "Habu Nikan Yon Rempa Meiyo Shōgō mo Kakutokuō NHKhai Shōgi" 羽生二冠4連覇 名誉称号も獲得 NHK杯将棋 [NHK Cup Shogi: Habu 2-crown wins for the fourth year in a row to gain Lifetime NHK Cup title]. Asahi Shimbun Digital (in Japanese). 27 March 2012. Retrieved 26 March 2015. 羽生善治二冠が渡辺明竜王に勝って４連覇した。通算１０回目の優勝は歴代最多で、規定により, 初の｢名誉NHK杯選手権者｣の称号と永久シード権を手にした。[Yoshiharu Habu 2-crown defeats Akira Watanabe Ryūō to win tournament for the fourth year in a row. Wins tournament for the 10th time overall which is the most of any player and becomes the first to qualify for the Lifetime NHK Cup title and be granted a lifetime seed into future tournaments.]
  24. ↑ "NHK Hai Shōgi Tōnamentosen Kako no Kekka" NHK杯将棋トーナメント戦過去の結果 [NHK Cup Shogi Tournament past results] (in Japanese). 日本将棋連盟 [Japan Shogi Association]. Retrieved 24 December 2013.
  25. 1 2 "Moriuchi Kudan ga Yūshō NHKhai Shōgi" 森内九段が優勝 NHK杯将棋 [NHK Cup Shogi: Moriuchi 9d wins tournament]. Asahi Shimbun Digital (in Japanese). 24 March 2015. Retrieved 25 March 2015. 森内俊之九段が134手で行方尚史八段に勝ち, 13年ぶり3回目の優勝を果たした。[Toshiyuki Moriuchi 9d defeats Hisashi Namekata 8d in 134 moves to win tournament for the third time and the first time in 13 years.]
  26. ↑ "Watanabe ga Hatsu Yūshō NHK Shōgi Hai" 渡辺が初優勝 NHK将棋杯 [NHK Cup Shogi: Watanabe wins tournament for the first time]. Asahi Shimbun Digital (in Japanese). 19 March 2013. Retrieved 26 March 2015. 渡辺明竜王が羽生善治三冠に勝ち, 初優勝した。[Akira Watanabe Ryūō defeats Yoshiharu Habu 3-crown to win tournament for the first time.]
  27. ↑ "Gōda Kudan, Hatsu V NHKhai Shōgi" 郷田九段, 初V 将棋NHK杯 [NHK Cup Shogi: Gōda 9d wins tournament for first time]. Asahi Shimbun Digital (in Japanese). 25 March 2014. Retrieved 25 March 2015. 郷田真隆九段が第55回優勝者の丸山忠久九段に82手で勝ち, 初優勝を果たした。[Masataka Gōda 9d defeats 55th NHK Cup winner Tadahisa Maruyama 9d in 82 moves to win tournament for the first time.]
  28. ↑ "Murayama Shichidan, Hatsu V NHKhai Shōgi" 村山七段, 初Ｖ　将棋NHK杯 [Murayama 7d wins NHK Cup for first time]. Asahi Shimbun Digital (in Japanese). 24 March 2016. Retrieved 27 March 2016.
  29. ↑ "Dai 49kai NHK Haisen Honsen" 第49回NHK杯戦 本戦 [49th NHK Cup Tournament: Main] (in Japanese). 日本将棋連盟 [JApan Shogi Association]. 1999. Retrieved 29 August 2014.
  30. ↑ "Dai 50kai NHK Haisen Honsen" 第50回NHK杯戦 本戦 [50th NHK Cup Tournament: Main] (in Japanese). 日本将棋連盟 [Japan Shogi Association]. 2000. Retrieved 29 August 2014.
  31. ↑ "Dai 51kai NHK Haisen Honsen" 第51回NHK杯戦 本戦 [51st NHK Cup Tournament: Main] (in Japanese). 日本将棋連盟 [Japan Shogi Association]. 2001. Retrieved 29 August 2014.
  32. ↑ "Dai 52kai NHK Haisen Honsen" 第52回NHK杯戦 本戦 [52nd NHK Cup Tournament: Main] (in Japanese). 日本将棋連盟 [Japan Shogi Association]. 2002. Retrieved 29 August 2014.
  33. 1 2 3 4 5 "Dai 53kai NHK Hai Terebi Shōgi Tōnamento - Tōnamento Hyō" 第53回NHK杯テレビ将棋トーナメント トーナメント表 [53rd NHK TV Shogi Tournament: Tournament Bracket] (in Japanese). NHK. Retrieved 29 August 2014.
  34. 1 2 3 4 5 "Dai 53kai NHK Haisen Honsen" 第53回NHK杯戦 本戦 [53rd NHK Cup Tournament: Main] (in Japanese). 日本将棋連盟 [Japan Shogi Association]. 2003. Retrieved 29 August 2014.
  35. 1 2 3 4 "Dai 54kai NHK Hai Terebi Shōgi Tōnamento - Tōnamento Hyō" 第54回NHK杯テレビ将棋トーナメント トーナメント表 [54th NHK TV Shogi Tournament: Tournament Bracket] (in Japanese). NHK. Retrieved 29 August 2014.
  36. 1 2 3 4 "Dai 54kai NHK Haisen Honsen" 第54回NHK杯戦 本戦 [54th NHK Cup Tournament: Main] (in Japanese). 日本将棋連盟 [Japan Shogi Association]. 2004. Retrieved 29 August 2014.
  37. ↑ "Dai 55kai NHK Hai Terebi Shōgi Tōnamento - Tōnamento Hyō" 第55回NHK杯テレビ将棋トーナメント トーナメント表 [55th NHK TV Shogi Tournament: Tournament Bracket] (in Japanese). NHK. Retrieved 29 August 2014.
  38. ↑ "Dai 55kai NHK Haisen Honsen" 第55回NHK杯戦 本戦 [55th NHK Cup Tournament: Main] (in Japanese). 日本将棋連盟 [Japan Shogi Association]. 2005. Retrieved 29 August 2014.
  39. ↑ "Dai 56kai NHK Hai Terebi Shōgi Tōnamento - Tōnamento Hyō" 第56回NHK杯テレビ将棋トーナメント トーナメント表 [56th NHK TV Shogi Tournament: Tournament Bracket] (in Japanese). NHK. Retrieved 29 August 2014.
  40. ↑ "Dai 56kai NHK Haisen Honsen" 第56回NHK杯戦 本戦 [56th NHK Cup Tournament: Main] (in Japanese). 日本将棋連盟 [Japan Shogi Association]. 2006. Retrieved 29 August 2014.
  41. ↑ "Dai 57kai NHK Hai Terebi Shōgi Tōnamento - Tōnamento Hyō" 第57回NHK杯テレビ将棋トーナメント トーナメント表 [57th NHK TV Shogi Tournament: Tournament Bracket] (in Japanese). NHK. Retrieved 29 August 2014.
  42. ↑ "Dai 57kai NHK Haisen Honsen" 第57回NHK杯戦 本戦 [57th NHK Cup Tournament: Main] (in Japanese). 日本将棋連盟 [Japan Shogi Association]. 2007. Retrieved 29 August 2014.
  43. ↑ "Dai 58kai NHK Hai Terebi Shōgi Tōnamento - Tōnamento Hyō" 第58回NHK杯テレビ将棋トーナメント トーナメント表 [58th NHK TV Shogi Tournament: Tournament Bracket] (in Japanese). NHK. Retrieved 29 August 2014.
  44. ↑ "Dai 58kai NHK Haisen Honsen" 第58回NHK杯戦 本戦 [58th NHK Cup Tournament: Main] (in Japanese). 日本将棋連盟 [Japan Shogi Association]. 2008. Retrieved 29 August 2014.
  45. ↑ "Dai 59kai NHK Hai Terebi Shōgi Tōnamento - Tōnamento Hyō" 第59回NHK杯テレビ将棋トーナメント トーナメント表 [59th NHK TV Shogi Tournament: Tournament Bracket] (in Japanese). NHK. Retrieved 29 August 2014.
  46. 1 2 "Dai 59kai NHK Haisen Honsen" 第59回NHK杯戦 本戦 [59th NHK Cup Tournament: Main] (in Japanese). 日本将棋連盟 [Japan Shogi Association]. 2009. Retrieved 29 August 2014.
  47. ↑ "2010nen 7gatsu 18nichi Dai 60kai NHK Hai 1kaisen Dai 16kyoku" 2010年07月18日第60回NHK杯1回戦第16局 [60th NHK Cup, Round 1 Game 18] (in Japanese). NHK. 18 July 2010. Retrieved 29 August 2014.
  48. ↑ "2010nen 8gatsu Tsuitachi Dai 60kai NHK Hai 1kaisen Dai 18kyoku" 2010年08月01日第60回NHK杯1回戦第18局 [60th NHK Cup, Round 1 Game 18] (in Japanese). NHK. 1 August 2010. Retrieved 29 August 2014.
  49. ↑ "2011nen 7gatsu 31nichi Dai 61kai NHK Hai 1kaisen Dai 18kyoku" 2011年07月31日第61回NHK杯1回戦第18局 [61st NHK Cup, Round 1 Game 18] (in Japanese). NHK. 31 July 2011. Retrieved 29 August 2014.
  50. ↑ "Dai 61kai NHK Haisen Honsen" 第61回NHK杯戦 本戦 [61st NHK Cup Tournament: Main] (in Japanese). 日本将棋連盟 [Japan Shogi Association]. 2011. Retrieved 29 August 2014.
  51. ↑ "2012nen 7gatsu Yōka Dai 62kai NHK Hai 1kaisen Dai 14kyoku" 2012年07月08日第62回NHK杯1回戦第14局 [62nd NHK Cup, Round 1 Game 14] (in Japanese). NHK. 8 July 2012. Retrieved 29 August 2014.
  52. ↑ "Dai 62kai NHK Haisen Honsen" 第62回NHK杯戦 本戦 [62nd NHK Cup Tournament: Main] (in Japanese). 日本将棋連盟 [Japan Shogi Association]. 2012. Retrieved 29 August 2014.
  53. ↑ "2013nen 8gatsu Yokka Dai 63kai NHK Hai 1kaisen Dai 18kyoku" 2013年08月04日第63回NHK杯1回戦第18局 [63rd NHK Cup, Round 1 Game 18] (in Japanese). NHK. 4 August 2014. Retrieved 29 August 2014.
  54. ↑ "Dai 63kai NHK Haisen Honsen" 第63回NHK杯戦 本戦 [63rd NHK Cup Tournament: Main] (in Japanese). 日本将棋連盟 [Japan Shogi Association]. 2013. Retrieved 29 August 2014.
  55. ↑ "2014nen 8gatsu Mikka Dai 64kai NHK Hai 1kaisen Dai 18kyoku" 2014年08月03日第64回NHK杯1回戦第18局 [64th NHK Cup, Round 1 Game 18] (in Japanese). NHK. 3 August 2014. Retrieved 29 August 2014.
  56. ↑ "Dai 64kai NHK Haisen Honsen" 第64回NHK杯戦 本戦 [64th NHK Cup Tournament: Main] (in Japanese). 日本将棋連盟 [Japan Shogi Association]. 2014. Retrieved 29 August 2014.
  57. ↑ "2015 Nen 7 Gatsu 19 Nichi Dai 65 Kai NHK Hai Ikaisen Dai 16 Kyoku" 2015年07月19日第65回NHK杯1回戦第16局 [65th NHK Cup: Rd. 1, Game 16, July 19, 2015] (in Japanese). NHK-E. 2015. Retrieved 27 July 2015.
  58. ↑ "Dai 55kai NHK Haisen Yosen" 第55回NHK杯戦 予選 [55th NHK Cup Tournament: Preliminaries] (in Japanese). 日本将棋連盟 [Japan Shogi Association]. 2005. Retrieved 29 August 2014.
  59. ↑ "Dai 56kai NHK Haisen Yosen" 第56回NHK杯戦 予選 [56th NHK Cup Tournament: Preliminaries] (in Japanese). 日本将棋連盟 [Japan Shogi Association]. 2006. Retrieved 29 August 2014.
  60. ↑ "Dai 57kai NHK Haisen Yosen" 第57回NHK杯戦 予選 [57th NHK Cup Tournament: Preliminaries] (in Japanese). 日本将棋連盟 [Japan Shogi Association]. 2007. Retrieved 29 August 2014.
  61. ↑ "Dai 58kai NHK Haisen Yosen" 第58回NHK杯戦 予選 [58th NHK Cup Tournament: Preliminaries] (in Japanese). 日本将棋連盟 [Japan Shogi Association]. 2008. Retrieved 29 August 2014.
  62. ↑ "Dai 59kai NHK Haisen Yosen" 第59回NHK杯戦 予選 [59th NHK Cup Tournament: Preliminaries] (in Japanese). 日本将棋連盟 [Japan Shogi Association]. 2009. Retrieved 29 August 2014.
  63. ↑ "Dai 60kai NHK Haisen Yosen" 第60回NHK杯戦 予選 [60th NHK Cup Tournament: Preliminaries] (in Japanese). 日本将棋連盟 [Japan Shogi Association]. 2010. Retrieved 29 August 2014.
  64. ↑ "Dai 61kai NHK Haisen Yosen" 第61回NHK杯戦 予選 [61st NHK Cup Tournament: Preliminaries] (in Japanese). 日本将棋連盟 [Japan Shogi Association]. 2011. Retrieved 29 August 2014.
  65. ↑ "2014nen 3gatsu 16nichi Dai 64kai NHK Hai Shūtsujō Joryū Kishi Ketteisen" 2014年03月16日第64回NHK杯出場女流棋士決定戦 [64th NHK Cup Women's Professional Playoff] (in Japanese). NHK. 16 March 2014. Retrieved 29 August 2014.
  66. ↑ "2015nen 3gatsu 15nichi Dai 65kai NHK Hai Shūtsujō Joryū Kishi Ketteisen" 2015年03月15日第65回NHK杯出場女流棋士決定戦 [65th NHK Cup Women's Professional Playoff] (in Japanese). NHK. 15 March 2015. Retrieved 21 March 2015.
  67. ↑ "Dai Roku-jū-rokkai NHK Hai Terebi Shōgi Tōnamento" 第66回NHK杯テレビ将棋トーナメント [66th NHK Cup TV Shogi Tournament] (in Japanese). NHK. 司会 藤田綾女流初段 [Host: Women's professional Aya Fujita 1-dan]
  68. ↑ Tobiya, Masanori (February 1990). "Chapter 2: Habu, the genius that defeated four Meijin". Yonin no Meijin wo Yabutta Shonen—Tensai Habu Yoshiharu no Kenkyu 四人の名人を破った少年―天才羽生善治の研究 [The Boy Who Beat Four Meijin—Researching the Genius of Yoshiharu Habu] (in Japanese). 評伝社 (Hyōdensha). ISBN 4-89371-815-0. Retrieved 2 September 2014.
  69. ↑ "NHKhai Meikyoku Pureibakku: Ōyama tai Habu Gekitotsu" NHK杯名局プレイバック: 大山・羽生激突 [NHK Cup Famous Game Playback: Clash between Ōyama and Habu]. 将棋フォーカス [Shogi Focus] (in Japanese). 27 September 2015. Event occurs at 28:33. NHK Educational TV. Retrieved 29 September 2015.
  70. ↑ 甲斐女流王位, 深浦九段破る, Ａ級に勝った女流２人目 [Kai Ladies' Oi Defeats Fukaura 9 dan: Second Women Professional to Win Against a Class A Pro.]. Asahi Shimbun Digital (in Japanese). 29 October 2013. Retrieved 29 August 2014.
  71. ↑ "NHK Hai Meikyoku Pureibakku - Nakai Hiroe -" NHK杯名局プレイバック - 中井広恵 - [NHK Cup Famous Games Playback - Hiroe Nakai -]. 将棋フォーカス [Shogi Focus] (in Japanese). 1 March 2015. Event occurs at 15:35. NHK Educational TV. Retrieved 4 March 2015.
  72. ↑ "第59回NHK杯テレビ将棋トーナメント トーナメント表" [59th NHK TV Shogi Tournament: Tournament Bracket (Final)] (in Japanese). NHK. Retrieved 29 August 2014.
  73. ↑ "第60回NHK杯テレビ将棋トーナメント トーナメント表" [60th NHK TV Shogi Tournament: Tournament Bracket (Final)] (in Japanese). NHK. Retrieved 29 August 2014.
  74. ↑ "Shōgikai Hapuningu Sono Ni" 将棋界ハプニング集 其の二 [Unexpected happenings in Shogi #2]. 将棋フォーカス [Shogi Focus] (in Japanese). 5 July 2015. Event occurs at 20:26. NHK Educational TV. Retrieved 6 July 2015.
  75. ↑ "Shōgikai Hapuningu Shū" 将棋界ハプニング集 [Unexpected happenings in Shogi]. 将棋フォーカス [Shogi Focus] (in Japanese). 23 November 2014. Event occurs at 14:55. NHK Educational TV. Retrieved 12 December 2014.
  76. ↑ "Hashimoto Hachidan ga "Nifu", Irei no Hansokumake, Shōgi no NHKhai" 橋本八段が「二歩」, 異例の反則負け 将棋のNHK杯 [Hashimoto 8d loss by disqualification an anomaly, plays the illegal move "Nifu" in the Shogi NHK Cup]. Asahi Shimbun Digital (in Japanese). 8 March 2015. Retrieved 8 March 2015.
  77. ↑ "(NHKhai) Shōgi no Hashimoto Hachidan, Masaka no "Nifu" Hansokumake" (NHK杯) 将棋の橋本八段, まさかの「二歩」反則負け [(NHK Cup) Shogi's Hashimoto 8d, unbelievable "Nifu" loss by illegal move]. Sports Hochi (in Japanese). 8 March 2015. Retrieved 9 March 2015. ただ, 棋戦の準決勝という大舞台で起きることは極めて異例だ. NHK杯では2004年に豊川孝弘六段(当時)が, 05年には松尾歩五段(当時)が二歩による反則負けしているが, いずれも１回戦だった。[However, it's extremely unusual for such a thing to happen on such a big stage like the semifinals of a shogi tournament. To date in the NHK Cup, Takanori Toyokawa (6 dan at the time) in 2004 and Ayumu Matsuo (5 dan at the time) both lost for playing the illegal move "Nifu", but each of those games were in the first round.]

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