Nakhodka
Nakhodka (English) Ðаходка (Russian) | |
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- City[1] - | |
![]() View of Nakhodka | |
![]() Location of Primorsky Krai in Russia | |
![]() ![]() Nakhodka | |
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City Day | Last Sunday in May |
Administrative status (as of December 2013) | |
Country | Russia |
Federal subject | Primorsky Krai[1] |
Administratively subordinated to | Nakhodka City Under Krai Jurisdiction[1] |
Administrative center of | Nakhodka City Under Krai Jurisdiction[1] |
Municipal status (as of December 2004) | |
Urban okrug | Nakhodkinsky Urban Okrug[2] |
Administrative center of | Nakhodkinsky Urban Okrug[2] |
Head | Oleg Kolyadin |
Statistics | |
Population (2010 Census) | 159,719 inhabitants[3] |
- Rank in 2010 | 110th |
Time zone | VLAT (UTC+10:00)[4] |
City status since | May 18, 1950 |
Postal code(s)[5] | 690890, 692900–692906, 692909–692911, 692913, 692914, 692916–692924, 692926, 692928–692930, 692939–692941, 692943, 692952–692954, 692956 |
Dialing code(s) | +7 4236 |
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Nakhodka on Wikimedia Commons |
Nakhodka (Russian: Ðаходка; IPA: [nÉˈxotkÉ™]) is a port city in Primorsky Krai, Russia, located on the Trudny Peninsula jutting into the Nakhodka Bay of the Sea of Japan, about 85 kilometers (53 mi) east of Vladivostok, the administrative center of the krai. Population: 159,719 (2010 Census);[3] 148,826 (2002 Census);[6] 160,056 (1989 Census).[7]
History
The Nakhodka Bay, around which the city is organized, was found in 1859 by the Russian corvette Amerika, which sought shelter in the bay during a storm. In honor of this occasion, the ice-free and relatively calm bay was named Nakhodka, which in Russian means "discovery" or "lucky find".
An imperial settlement existed here from 1868 to 1872 but was abandoned following the death of its administer, Harold Furuhjelm. In the fall of 1870, Otto Wilhelm Lindholm established a whaling station across the bay from the settlement. In the spring of 1871 he fitted out his schooner Hannah Rice and sailed to Pasiet, where he caught six gray whales.[8]
Until the 20th century, the area around the bay remained uninhabited, with the first settlement a small fishing village founded in 1907. When the Soviet government decided to build a harbor in the area in the 1930s, a number of small settlements were founded, which were merged as a work settlement in the 1940s. On May 18, 1950, the settlement, by then with a population of about 28,000 residents, was granted town status.
Administrative and municipal status
Within the framework of administrative divisions, it is, together with three rural localities, incorporated as Nakhodka City Under Krai Jurisdiction—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.[1] As a municipal division, Nakhodka City Under Krai Jurisdiction is incorporated as Nakhodkinsky Urban Okrug.[2]
Climate
Nakhodka has one of the mildest climates in Primorsky Krai and in the whole of the Asian part of Russia thanks to its southerly location and oceanic influences from the Sea of Japan. Average temperature in January is −9.3 °C (15.3 °F); in August (the warmest month), it is +20.6 °C (69.1 °F).
Economy and infrastructure
The city's economy, based mostly around the port and port-related activity such as fish processing and canning, has suffered since 1991 as Vladivostok was opened to foreign activity again. Local industry also took a hit during the 1998 Russian financial crisis. However, Nakhodka has been declared a free economic zone, and the governments in both Moscow (federal) and Vladivostok (regional) have seemed interested in opening the city further to foreign investment.
Nakhodka is also an important transport junction where goods from Japan are transferred from ships onto the Russian railway system, including the Trans-Siberian Railway portion of the Eurasian Land Bridge.
As of 2010, there are 1,932 enterprises listed. There are 646 retail stores, 210 public catering entities, 9 markets. Annual turnover tops 13, 1 bln rubles (over 400, 400 USD). There operate many malls, supermarkets, federal chain store outlets in the city, the examples being Svyaznoy, Yevroset, Eldorado, and many others.
City's enterprises make their entry in the '100 best goods of Russia' nationwide contest, among numerous others, on a regular basis to a moderate success.
There was also opened a consulting center for young entrepreneurs, a collaboration of sister-cities' municipalities of Nakhodka and Bellingham, United States.
Sports
FC Okean Nakhodka is the only professional sport club in the city. It spent the 1992 and 1993 seasons in the Russian Premier League. It is also the home town of association football player Viktor Fayzulin.
Twin towns and sister cities
Nakhodka has the following sister city relationships:
City | State/Province | Country | Date |
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Maizuru | ![]() |
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June 19611 |
Otaru | ![]() |
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September 12, 1966 |
Bellingham | ![]() |
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April 1975 |
Oakland | ![]() |
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April 1975 |
Tsuruga | ![]() |
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October 1982 |
Jilin | ![]() |
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July 1991 |
Donghae | ![]() |
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December 1991 |
Clare | ![]() |
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October 1997 |
Phuket | ![]() |
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September 21, 2006 |
^1 First Soviet Union-Japan sister city
References
Notes
- 1 2 3 4 5 Law #161-KZ
- 1 2 3 Law #183-KZ
- 1 2 Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). "Ð’ÑероÑÑийÑÐºÐ°Ñ Ð¿ÐµÑ€ÐµÐ¿Ð¸ÑÑŒ наÑÐµÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ 2010 года. Том 1" [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Ð’ÑероÑÑийÑÐºÐ°Ñ Ð¿ÐµÑ€ÐµÐ¿Ð¸ÑÑŒ наÑÐµÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved June 29, 2012.
- ↑ ПравительÑтво РоÑÑийÑкой Федерации. Федеральный закон â„–107-ФЗ от 3 Ð¸ÑŽÐ½Ñ 2011 г. «Об иÑчиÑлении времени», в ред. Федерального закона â„–248-ФЗ от 21 Ð¸ÑŽÐ»Ñ 2014 г. «О внеÑении изменений в Федеральный закон "Об иÑчиÑлении времени"». Ð’Ñтупил в Ñилу по иÑтечении шеÑтидеÑÑти дней поÑле Ð´Ð½Ñ Ð¾Ñ„Ð¸Ñ†Ð¸Ð°Ð»ÑŒÐ½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¾Ð¿ÑƒÐ±Ð»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ (6 авгуÑта 2011 г.). Опубликован: "РоÑÑийÑÐºÐ°Ñ Ð³Ð°Ð·ÐµÑ‚Ð°", â„–120, 6 Ð¸ÑŽÐ½Ñ 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Federal Law #107-FZ of June 31, 2011 On Calculating Time, as amended by the Federal Law #248-FZ of July 21, 2014 On Amending Federal Law "On Calculating Time". Effective as of after sixty days following the day of the official publication.).
- ↑ Почта РоÑÑии. Информационно-вычиÑлительный центр ОÐСУ РПО. (Russian Post). ПоиÑк объектов почтовой ÑвÑзи (Postal Objects Search) (Russian)
- ↑ Russian Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). "ЧиÑленноÑÑ‚ÑŒ наÑÐµÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð Ð¾ÑÑии, Ñубъектов РоÑÑийÑкой Федерации в ÑоÑтаве федеральных округов, районов, городÑких поÑелений, ÑельÑких наÑелённых пунктов – районных центров и ÑельÑких наÑелённых пунктов Ñ Ð½Ð°Ñелением 3 Ñ‚Ñ‹ÑÑчи и более человек" [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Ð’ÑероÑÑийÑÐºÐ°Ñ Ð¿ÐµÑ€ÐµÐ¿Ð¸ÑÑŒ наÑÐµÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian). Retrieved August 9, 2014.
- ↑ Demoscope Weekly (1989). "Ð’ÑеÑÐ¾ÑŽÐ·Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð¿ÐµÑ€ÐµÐ¿Ð¸ÑÑŒ наÑÐµÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ 1989 г. ЧиÑленноÑÑ‚ÑŒ наличного наÑÐµÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ñоюзных и автономных реÑпублик, автономных облаÑтей и округов, краёв, облаÑтей, районов, городÑких поÑелений и Ñёл-райцентров" [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Ð’ÑеÑÐ¾ÑŽÐ·Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð¿ÐµÑ€ÐµÐ¿Ð¸ÑÑŒ наÑÐµÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). ИнÑтитут демографии Ðационального иÑÑледовательÑкого универÑитета: Ð’Ñ‹ÑÑˆÐ°Ñ ÑˆÐºÐ¾Ð»Ð° Ñкономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. Retrieved August 9, 2014.
- ↑ Lindholm, O. V., Haes, T. A., & Tyrtoff, D. N. (2008). Beyond the frontiers of imperial Russia: From the memoirs of Otto W. Lindholm. Javea, Spain: A. de Haes OWL Publishing.
Sources
- Законодательное Собрание ПриморÑкого краÑ. Закон â„–161-КЗ от 14 ноÑÐ±Ñ€Ñ 2001 г. «Об админиÑтративно-территориальном уÑтройÑтве ПриморÑкого краÑ», в ред. Закона â„–673-КЗ от 6 октÑÐ±Ñ€Ñ 2015 г. «О внеÑении изменений в Закон ПриморÑкого ÐºÑ€Ð°Ñ "Об админиÑтративно-территориальном уÑтройÑтве ПриморÑкого краÑ"». Ð’Ñтупил в Ñилу Ñо Ð´Ð½Ñ Ð¾Ñ„Ð¸Ñ†Ð¸Ð°Ð»ÑŒÐ½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ опубликованиÑ. Опубликован: "КраÑное Ð·Ð½Ð°Ð¼Ñ ÐŸÑ€Ð¸Ð¼Ð¾Ñ€ÑŒÑ", â„–69 (119), 29 ноÑÐ±Ñ€Ñ 2001 г. (Legislative Assembly of Primorsky Krai. Law #161-KZ of November 14, 2001 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Primorsky Krai, as amended by the Law #673-KZ of October 6, 2015 On Amending the Law of Primorsky Krai "On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Primorsky Krai". Effective as of the official publication date.).
- Законодательное Собрание ПриморÑкого краÑ. Закон â„–183-КЗ от 6 Ð´ÐµÐºÐ°Ð±Ñ€Ñ 2004 г. «О ÐаходкинÑком городÑком округе». Ð’Ñтупил в Ñилу 1 ÑÐ½Ð²Ð°Ñ€Ñ 2005 г.. Опубликован: "ВедомоÑти Законодательного Ð¡Ð¾Ð±Ñ€Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ ÐŸÑ€Ð¸Ð¼Ð¾Ñ€Ñкого краÑ", â„–77, 8 Ð´ÐµÐºÐ°Ð±Ñ€Ñ 2004 г. (Legislative Assembly of Primorsky Krai. Law #183-KZ of December 6, 2004 On Nakhodkinsky Urban Okrug. Effective as of January 1, 2005.).
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