Deep Underground Command Center
The Deep Underground Command Center (DUCC) was a United States military installation that was proposed on January 31, 1962[1],:317 to be "a very deep underground center close to the Pentagon, perhaps 3,000-4,000 feet down, protected to withstand direct hits by high-yield weapons and endure about 30 days in a post-attack period"[1].:318 The DUCC would have been built as "an austere 50-man … or an expanded 300-man version (with the former built to permit expansion into the latter, if desired)"[1].:318–9 Based on Strategic Air Command's Deep Underground Support Center (DUSC) planned near the Cheyenne Mountain nuclear bunker[1],:363 the DUCC plan was recommended to President John F. Kennedy for fiscal year 1965 funding shortly before his assassination[1],:318,364 but the underground DUCC, SAC's DUSC, and NORAD's Super Combat Centers were never built. Other contemporary underground installations did see upgrades, such as the 1953 Site R which was "hardened further to about 140 psi blast resistance by 1963"[1],:315 or completion, such as the NORAD's Canadian bunker in 1963, and NORAD's Combat Operations Center & Space Defense Center in the Cheyenne Mountain bunker became operational in 1966.