National Islamic Unity Party of Afghanistan

National Islamic Unity Party of Afghanistan حزب وحدت ملی اسلامی افغانستان Hizb-i-Milli-Islami-i-Afghanistan
Leader	Mohammad Akbari Rohullah Loudin^[1]
Founder	Mohammad Akbari
Founded	Late 1994
Split from	Hezbe Wahdat
Ideology	Shi'a Islamism Hazara minority rights Religious conservatism Afghan Nationalism
Politics of Afghanistan Political parties Elections

National Islamic Unity Party of Afghanistan (Persian: حزب وحدت ملی اسلامی افغانستان‎‎) is a political party in Afghanistan led by Muhammad Akbari. Akbari broke away from Hezbe Wahdat when he struck an agreement with the Taliban, offering him a degree of control in Hazara areas .^[2]

Foundation

The party emerged in the early 1990s out of a split in the Hezbe Wahdat leadership between Muhammad Akbari and Abdul Ali Mazari. Tensions between Akbari and Mazari dated back to the Soviet War in Afghanistan, when Akbari and Mazari had led competing factions within the overarching Tehran Eight Shiite alliance. Akbari had led the Revolutionary Guards, whilst Mazari had led the Nasr Organization. Both parties each had approximately 1,500 fighters, although Nasr had a larger support base; 4,000 compared to Akbari's 2,000. Later, in 1989, Akbari and Mazari agreed to merge their respective parties into Hezbe Wahdat, alongside the other members of the Tehran Eight.^[3]

Tensions between the various components of Hezbe Wahdat re-emerged at the parties September 1994 leadership election. Both Akbari and Mazari wished to hold the election in their own respective power bases; Hazarjat for Akbari and Kabul for Mazari. Mazari ultimately won out, and the election was held in Kabul, and saw Mazari elected leader with 43 votes in comparison to the 33 cast in favour of Akbari. The results saw Mazari elected as Secretary General whilst Akbari took over as Chairperson of Hezbe Wahdat's Central Committee. In his new position Mazari advocated in favour of maintaining Hezbe Wahdat's alliance with Hizbi-Islami and Junbish-i-Milli. In contrast Akbari, distressed at high Hazara casualties in the ongoing Battle of Kabul, advocated forming a new alliance with Jamiat-e Islami. Immediately following Akbari was accused of plotting a coup, and was rebuffed by Mazari. Within weeks of the election Akbari was running his own group, which allied with Jamiat-e Islami.^[3]

Ideology

Akbari supported the Shia Family Law, which has been accused of legalizing spousal rape.^[4]

References

↑ Lansford, Tom. Political Handbook of the World 2014. p. 13.
↑ http://www.kas.de/db_files/dokumente/7_dokument_dok_pdf_9674_2.pdf
1 2 Christia, Fotini (2012). Alliance Formation in Civil Wars. Cambridge University Press. p. 90-93.
↑ http://www.afghan-bios.info/index.php?option=com_afghanbios&id=113&task=view&total=2925&start=177&Itemid=2

Political parties in Afghanistan

Present major parties	National Front of Afghanistan National Coalition of Afghanistan (Coalition for Change and Hope) Basej-e Milli (Afghanistan Green Trend) Truth and Justice Party Afghan Mellat Jamiat-e Islami Hezb-e Islami Junbish-e Milli Hezb-e Wahdat (People's Islamic Unity Party of Afghanistan, National Islamic Unity Party of Afghanistan ) Ittehad-i Islami Peace Movement of Afghanistan

Present minor parties	New Afghanistan Party Democratic Party of Afghanistan National Congress Party of Afghanistan National Islamic Front of Afghanistan National Movement of Afghanistan National Solidarity Movement of Afghanistan National United Party of Afghanistan Liberal Democratic Party of Afghanistan Pashtoons Social Democratic Party Progressive Democratic Party of Afghanistan Solidarity Party of Afghanistan

Banned/Former parties	Afghanistan Liberation Organization Communist (Maoist) Party of Afghanistan Khuddamul Furqan Liberation Organization of the People of Afghanistan National Revolutionary Party of Afghanistan People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan Progressive Youth Organization Taliban Watan Party of Afghanistan

Portal:Politics List of political parties Politics of Afghanistan

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