Neottia convallarioides

broad-lipped twayblade
broad-leaved twayblade
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
(unranked): Angiosperms
(unranked): Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Orchidaceae
Subfamily: Epidendroideae
Genus: Neottia
Species: N. convallarioides
Binomial name
Neottia convallarioides
(Sw.) Rich.[1]
Synonyms[1]
  • Epipactis convallarioides Sw.
  • Listera convallarioides (Sw.) Nutt.
  • Serapias convallarioides (Sw.) Steud.
  • Diphryllum convallarioides (Sw.) Kuntze
  • Ophrys convallarioides (Sw.) W.Wight ex House
  • Bifolium convallarioides (Sw.) Nieuwl.
  • Listera convallarioides subsp. euconvallarioides Beauverd

Neottia convallarioides is a species of orchid known by the common names broad-lipped twayblade and broad-leaved twayblade. It was formerly placed in the genus Listera, but molecular phylogenetic studies have shown that Neottia nidus-avis, the bird's-nest orchid, evolved within the same group,[2] and all species of Listera have been moved to Neottia.[3]

Neottia convallarioides is native to much of Canada and in parts of the United States (Alaska, the Great Lakes Region, New England, and the mountains of the West: Rockies, Cascades, Sierra Nevada, etc.). I also reportedly occurs in St. Pierre & Miquelon and on the Komandor Islands in the Bering Sea, part of the Russian Far East.[1][4][5]

Neottia convallarioides is a plant of cool, moist, dim habitat, such as woods and forest, as well as swamps and streambanks. It is a rhizomatous perennial herb growing erect 10 to 35 centimeters tall. It has one pair of green oval leaves each up to 7 centimeters long near the base of the stem. The inflorescence is a small raceme of green or yellow-green flowers, sometimes slightly purple-tinged. Each has usually 3 reflexed lance-shaped sepals, 2 similar petals, and one petal known as the lip, which is longer, wedge-shaped, and notched at the tip. The plant sometimes forms large colonies, creating a groundcover.[6] It is known to hybridize with Neottia auriculata.[6]

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