Scaffold web spider
| Scaffold web spiders | |
|---|---|
.jpg) | |
| male Nesticus sp. | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Arachnida |
| Order: | Araneae |
| Suborder: | Opisthothelae |
| Infraorder: | Araneomorphae |
| Family: | Nesticidae Simon, 1894[1] |
| Genera | |
|
See text. | |
| Diversity[2] | |
| 13 genera, 228 species | |
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The scaffold web spiders of the family Nesticidae, are closely allied with the Theridiidae, or tangle web spiders. Like the Theridiidae, these spiders have a comb of serrated bristles on the hind tarsi that are used to pull silk bands from the spinnerets. It contains 13 genera and about 230 species, many of which are associated with caves or overhangs. The genus Nesticus is the type for the family and is found throughout the world. The related Eidmannella has speciated considerably in Texas caves and includes some extremely localized species that are considered threatened. One species, Eidmannella pallida, is found in caves and under overhangs, but also in agricultural fields and other habitats away from such restricted areas. The genus Carpathonesticus is found in central Eurasia.
Genera
As of November 2015, the World Spider Catalog accepted the following extant genera:[1]
- Aituaria Esyunin & Efimik, 1998
- Canarionesticus Wunderlich, 1992
- Carpathonesticus Lehtinen & Saaristo, 1980
- Cyclocarcina Komatsu, 1942
- Eidmannella Roewer, 1935
- Gaucelmus Keyserling, 1884
- Hamus Ballarin & Li, 2015
- Nescina Ballarin & Li, 2015
- Nesticella Lehtinen & Saaristo, 1980
- Nesticus Thorell, 1869
- Pseudonesticus Liu & Li, 2013
- Typhlonesticus Kulczyński, 1914
- Wraios Ballarin & Li, 2015
The following extinct genera have been placed in the Nesticidae:[3]
- †Balticonesticus Wunderlich, 1986 – Palaeogene, Baltic amber
- †Eopopino Petrunkevitch, 1942 – Palaeogene, Baltic and Bitterfeld amber
- †Heteronesticus Wunderlich, 1986 – Palaeogene, Baltic amber
- †Hispanonesticus Wunderlich, 1986 – Neogene, Dominican amber
See also
References
- 1 2 "Family: Nesticidae Simon, 1894 (genus list)". World Spider Catalog. Natural History Museum Bern. Retrieved 2015-11-11.
- ↑ "Currently valid spider genera and species", World Spider Catalog (Natural History Museum Bern), retrieved 2015-11-11
- ↑ Dunlop, J.A.; Penney, D.; Jekel, D. (2015). "A summary list of fossil spiders and their relatives" (PDF). World Spider Catalog. Natural History Museum Bern. Retrieved 2015-11-11.
- Hedin, M. & Dellinger, B. (2005). Descriptions of a new species and previously unknown males of Nesticus (Araneae: Nesticidae) from caves in Eastern North America, with comments on species rarity. Zootaxa 904: 1-19 PDF
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