Nicolas Nabokov

Nicolas Nabokov (Николай Дмитриевич Набоков; 17 April [O.S. 4 April] 1903 – 6 April 1978) was a Russian-born composer, writer, and cultural figure. He became a U.S. citizen in 1939.^[1]

Life

Nicolas Nabokov, a first cousin of Vladimir Nabokov, was born to a family of landed Russian gentry in the town of Lubcza near Minsk, and was educated by private tutors. In 1918, after his family fled the Bolshevik Revolution to the Crimea, he began his musical education with Vladimir Rebikov. After living briefly in Germany he settled in Paris in 1923, where he studied at the Sorbonne. He was married five times and had three sons. His close friends included the philosopher and fellow émigré Isaiah Berlin and the famous Russian composer Igor Stravinsky.^[2]

Career

After the years in Paris 1923–1932, in 1933 he moved to the U.S. as a lecturer in music for the Barnes Foundation. He taught music at Wells College in New York from 1936 to 41, then moved to St. John's College in Maryland. In 1945, worked for the U. S. Strategic Bombing Survey in Germany, upon the suggestion of W. H. Auden, and stayed to work as a civilian cultural advisor in occupied Germany. Back in the US, he taught at the Peabody Conservatory from the fall of 1944 until the spring of 1945, then, in 1950–51, served as music director at the American Academy in Rome. In 1949 Nabokov attended a New York press conference of the visiting Soviet composer Dmitri Shostakovich, and publicly humiliated Shostakovich by showing he was not a free agent and had to represent the positions of Stalin's government. In 1951, he became Secretary General of the newly formed Congress for Cultural Freedom (CCF), backed by the CIA, and remained in the job for more than fifteen years, organizing well-known music and cultural festivals. With the effective dissolution of the CCF in 1967, Nabokov found a series of teaching jobs at American universities, and in 1970, became resident composer at the Aspen Institute for Humanistic Studies, where he remained until 1973. Although well-connected socially with many prominent cultural figures throughout his life, very little of his music has been recorded as of November 2010.

Works, editions and recordings

• Nabokov's first major musical work was the ballet-oratorio Ode, for Serge Diaghilev's Ballets Russes, in 1928, followed by his Lyrical Symphony in 1931. The ode was on verses of Mikhail Lomonosov "Вечернее размышление о Божием величестве", ballet-oratorio Paris 1928.^[3]
• ballet Union Pacific, composed in 1934 – his best known work.
• opera Rasputin's End (libretto by Stephen Spender) in 1958
• and a ballet on Don Quixote in 1966.
• opera Love's Labour's Lost (libretto by W. H. Auden and Chester Kallman) was composed in 1971 and performed in 1973.

References

1. Nabokov, Nicolas (1951). Old Friends and New Music (memoir). Boston: Little, Brown. OCLC 756321.
   • Nabokov, Nicolas (1975). Bagázh: Memoirs of a Russian Cosmopolitan. New York: Atheneum. ISBN 0-689-10656-4.
   • "Nicolas Nabokov Papers, Biographical Sketch at the University of Texas". Archived from the original on 1 September 2006. Retrieved 2007-01-07.
   • Wellens, Ian (2002). Music on the Frontline: Nicolas Nabokov's Struggle against Communism and Middlebrow Culture. Aldershot: Ashgate. ISBN 0-7546-0635-X
2. Vincent Giroud, Nicolas Nabokov: A Life in Freedom and Music, Oxford University Press, 2015.
3. Recording sung in Russian, Ode, Méditation Sur La Majesté De Dieu recorded by Valery Polyansky, Chandos Records, 2002. Booklet essay Leo Samama, libretto in Cyrillic, translations in French English German

External links

• Nicolas Nabokov's Collection at the Harry Ransom Center at The University of Texas at Austin