Nickel(II) nitrate
Names | |
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IUPAC name
Nickel(II) nitrate | |
Other names
Nickel nitrate Nickelous nitrate Nitric acid, nickel(2+) salt | |
Identifiers | |
13138-45-9 13478-00-7 (hexahydrate) | |
ChemSpider | 23976 |
EC Number | 238-076-4 |
Jmol interactive 3D | Image |
PubChem | 25736 |
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Properties | |
Ni(NO3)2 | |
Molar mass | 182.703 g/mol (anhydrous) 290.79 g/mol (hexahydrate) |
Appearance | emerald green hygroscopic solid |
Odor | odorless |
Density | 2.05 g/cm3 (hexahydrate) |
Melting point | 56.7 °C (134.1 °F; 329.8 K) (hexahydrate) |
Boiling point | 136.7 °C (278.1 °F; 409.8 K) (hexahydrate) |
243 (hexahydrate) g/100ml (0 °C)[1] | |
Solubility | soluble in ethanol |
Refractive index (nD) |
1.422 (hexahydrate) |
Structure | |
monoclinic (hexahydrate) | |
Hazards | |
Safety data sheet | External MSDS |
EU classification (DSD) |
Oxidant (O) Carc. Cat. 1 Muta. Cat. 3 Repr. Cat. 2 Toxic (T) Harmful (Xn) Irritant (Xi) Dangerous for the environment (N) |
R-phrases | R49, R61, R8, R20/22, R38, R41, R42/43, R48/23, R68, R50/53 |
S-phrases | S53, S45, S60, S61 |
NFPA 704 | |
Flash point | Non-flammable |
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |
LD50 (Median dose) |
1620 mg/kg (oral, rat) |
Related compounds | |
Other anions |
Nickel(II) sulfate Nickel(II) chloride |
Other cations |
Palladium(II) nitrate |
Related compounds |
Cobalt(II) nitrate Copper(II) nitrate |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
verify (what is ?) | |
Infobox references | |
Nickel nitrate is the inorganic compound Ni(NO3)2 or any hydrate thereof. The anhydrous form is not commonly encountered, thus "nickel nitrate" usually refers to nickel(II) nitrate hexahydrate. The formula for this species is written in two ways. Ni(NO3)2.6H2O and, more descriptively [Ni(H2O)6](NO3)2. The latter formula indicates that the nickel(II) center is surrounded by six water molecules in this hydrated salt. In the hexahydrate, the nitrate anions are not bonded to nickel. Also known are three other hydrates: Ni(NO3)2.9H2O, Ni(NO3)2.4H2O, and Ni(NO3)2.2H2O. Anhydrous Ni(NO3)2 is also known.[2]
It is prepared by the reaction of nickel oxide with nitric acid:
- NiO + 2 HNO3 + 5 H2O → Ni(NO3)2.6H2O
The anhydrous nickel nitrate is typically not prepared by the heating the hydrates. Rather is generated by reaction of hydrates with dinitrogen pentoxide or of nickel carbonyl with dinitrogen tetroxide:[2]
- Ni(CO)4 + 2 N2O4 → Ni(NO3)2 + 2 NO + 4 CO
The hydrated nitrate is often used as a precursor to supported nickel catalysts.
Safety
Like other nitrates, nickel nitrate is oxidizing. It is also irritating to the eyes, skin and, upon inhalation of the dust, respiratory tract. It may cause skin allergy. Nickel nitrate is a carcinogen, along with most other nickel compounds. The nickel ion is also toxic to aquatic organisms.
References
- ↑ Perry's Chem Eng Handbook, 7th Ed
- 1 2 Keith Lascelles, Lindsay G. Morgan, David Nicholls, Detmar Beyersmann, "Nickel Compounds" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 2005. doi:10.1002/14356007.a17_235.pub2
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Salts and covalent derivatives of the Nitrate ion | |||||||||||||||||||
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HNO3 | He | ||||||||||||||||||
LiNO3 | Be(NO3)2 | B(NO3)4− | C | N | O | FNO3 | Ne | ||||||||||||
NaNO3 | Mg(NO3)2 | Al(NO3)3 | Si | P | S | ClONO2 | Ar | ||||||||||||
KNO3 | Ca(NO3)2 | Sc(NO3)3 | Ti(NO3)4 | VO(NO3)3 | Cr(NO3)3 | Mn(NO3)2 | Fe(NO3)3 | Co(NO3)2, Co(NO3)3 |
Ni(NO3)2 | Cu(NO3)2 | Zn(NO3)2 | Ga(NO3)3 | Ge | As | Se | Br | Kr | ||
RbNO3 | Sr(NO3)2 | Y | Zr(NO3)4 | Nb | Mo | Tc | Ru | Rh | Pd(NO3)2 | AgNO3 | Cd(NO3)2 | In | Sn | Sb | Te | I | Xe(NO3)2 | ||
CsNO3 | Ba(NO3)2 | Hf | Ta | W | Re | Os | Ir | Pt | Au | Hg2(NO3)2, Hg(NO3)2 |
Tl(NO3)3 | Pb(NO3)2 | Bi(NO3)3 | Po | At | Rn | |||
Fr | Ra | Rf | Db | Sg | Bh | Hs | Mt | Ds | Rg | Cn | Uut | Fl | Uup | Lv | Uus | Uuo | |||
↓ | |||||||||||||||||||
La | Ce(NO3)3, Ce(NO3)4 |
Pr | Nd | Pm | Sm | Eu | Gd(NO3)3 | Tb | Dy | Ho | Er | Tm | Yb | Lu | |||||
Ac | Th | Pa | UO2(NO3)2 | Np | Pu | Am | Cm | Bk | Cf | Es | Fm | Md | No | Lr |