Neil Loring

"Sr Neel Loringe": Sir Neil Loring, KG, shown wearing his garter robes over his tunic showing the arms: Quarterly argent and gules, a bendlet engrailed sable. Illustration from the 1430 Bruges Garter Book made by William Bruges (1375–1450), first Garter King of Arms

Arms of Sir Nele Loring, KG: Quarterly argent and gules a bend engrailed sable. As he displays on his tunic in the Bruges Garter Book and as shown on his Garter stall plate in St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle^[1]

Sir Neil Loring ("Loryng", "Loringe" etc., Neel alias Nigel, Latin: Nigellus) (c. 1320 – 18 March 1386), KG, was a medieval English soldier and diplomat and a founding member of the Order of the Garter, established by King Edward III in 1348. The central character in two historical novels by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, Sir Nigel and The White Company, is loosely based on Neil Loring.

Origins

He was born in Chalgrave, Bedfordshire, the son of Roger Loring by his wife Cassandra Perrott.

Career

Loring fought at the Battle of Sluys in 1340, following which he was knighted for his bravery and awarded a pension of £20 a year. In 1347 he was with King Edward III during the Siege of Calais, and the following year was invested as one of the founding Knights of the Garter. By 1351 Loring was chamberlain to the Prince of Wales, and a member of his council. He accompanied the prince to Aquitaine in 1353, and distinguished himself in the Poitiers Campaign, during which he was "appointed to be in attendance on the prince's person". He was sent back to England after the Battle of Poitiers on 19 September 1356 to report news of the English victory. For his service to the prince he was given an annual pension of £83 6s 8d for life as well as lands in Wales.^[2]

In November 1359 Loring was back in France accompanying Edward III on his military campaign that resulted in the Treaty of Brétigny, signed on 25 May 1360. He was appointed a guardian of the truce and one of the commissioners responsible for overseeing the transfer of lands as agreed in the treaty. Loring was with the Prince of Wales in Aquitaine in 1366, and fought in the prince's division at the Battle of Nájera on 3 April 1367. In 1369 he served under Sir Robert Knolles at the Siege of Domme, and the following year in Poitou, under the Earl of Pembroke.^[2]

Later life

Loring spent his latter days in retirement at his ancestral home in Chalgrave, where in 1365 he had received a royal licence to enclose a park.^[2] He died on 18 March 1386, and according to Leland was buried in the church of the Black Canons at Dunstable.

The central character of Sir Nigel Loring in two historical novels by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle – Sir Nigel and The White Company – is loosely based on Neil Loring.^[3]

Benefactions

Loring was the founder of a chantry in Chalgrave church.^[2] In the list of Benefactors to St. Albans Abbey, Sir Nigel is introduced as the donor of 10 marks and depicted as an old man with a red cap or hood on his head, wearing red shoes, covered with a white robe powdered with Garters, and holding a purse in his left hand.

Marriage and progeny

He married Margaret de Beaupel, the daughter, and apparently the heiress, of Ralph de Beaupel whose home was the sub-manor of Beaupel, in the parish of Knowstone, North Devon. There exists today about 1 mile SW of Knowstone village the still-important farmhouse called "Beaple's Barton", bordered to the south by Beaple's Moor and to the north by Beaple's Wood. He appears in ancient records as "Nele Loring of Knowston-Beaupell". By marriage he also came to hold the manor of Landkey, 2 miles east of Barnstaple and 16 miles west of Knowstone. They had the following progeny, two daughters and co-heiresses:

• Isabel Loring (d. 21 August 1400) who married twice:^[4]
  • Firstly at some time before 1382, as his 2nd wife, to Sir William Cogan, feudal baron of Bampton. She bore him the following progeny:
    • John Cogan (d.1382), who died as a minor in the wardship of the king. His heiress was his sister Elizabeth Cogan.^[5]
    • Elizabeth Cogan, heiress of her brother John Cogan (d.1382), the wife of Fulk IX FitzWarin, 5th Baron FitzWarin (1362–1391), who from his mother Margaret Audley, 3rd daughter and co-heiress of James Audley, 2nd Baron Audley (d.1386),^[6] feudal baron of Barnstaple, Devon, was the heir to the manor of Tawstock, Devon, which had become the later seat of the feudal barons of Barnstaple.^[7]
  • Secondly, in about 1383, to Robert Harington, 3rd Baron Harington (1356-1406)^[8] of Gleaston Castle in the manor of Aldingham in Furness, Lancashire. Isabel's eldest son by her second marriage was John Harington, 4th Baron Harington (1384–1418), whose very high quality and well preserved alabaster effigy exists in the Church of St Dubricius, Porlock, Somerset. Her second son was William Harington, 5th Baron Harington (1390-1458), who succeeded his childless elder brother in the title, married Margaret Hill but died without male progeny.
• Margaret Loring, the wife of Thomas Pevyre of Bedfordshire by whom she had progeny.

References

1. Hope, Sir William Henry St. John, The Stall Plates of the Knights of the Order of the Garter, 1348–1485, 1901
2. Kingsford, C. L.; rev. Barber, Richard (2004), "Loring, Sir Neil (c.1315–1386)’", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.), Oxford University Press, retrieved 31 August 2013 (subscription or UK public library membership required)
3. "Sir Nigel", arthurconandoyle.org http://arthurconandoyle.org/novels/sir-nigel, retrieved 30 August 2013 Missing or empty |title= (help)
4. http://thepeerage.com/p48958.htm#i489577
5. GEC Complete Peerage, vol. V, p.502, Baron FitzWarin
6. GEC Complete Peerage, vol. V, p.500-1
7. Strong, H.W., History & Description of Tawstock Church, Barnstaple, 1889, p.8
8. GEC Complete Peerage, Vol.6, p.316

Further reading

• Thomas Johnes, Sir John Froissart's chronicles of England, France, Spain, and the adjoining countries: from the latter part of the reign of Edward II. to the coronation of Henry IV, Volume 3, Printed for Longman, Hurst, Rees, and Orme, 1805, p. 123 ("see his life in Ashmole").
• Loruge in 00The Battle Abbey Roll, with some account of the Norman lineages by the Duchess of Cleveland, John Murray, London, 1889 (online version by Michael A. Linton, 2007).

External links

• "Nele Loring 1320–1386". Medieval Combat Society.