Nikephoros Tarchaneiotes

Nikephoros Tarchaneiotes (Greek: Νικηφόρος Ταρχανειώτης) was a 13th-century Byzantine aristocrat and general.

Biography

Nikephoros Tarchaneiotes was a scion of the Tarchaneiotes family, who were prominent members of the Byzantine military aristocracy since the late 10th century.^[1] Nikephoros first appears in the reign of John III Vatatzes (r. 1221–1254), who named him his epi tes trapezes and in 1237 gave him command of the recently gained and strategically important fortress of Tzouroulos in Thrace. From this post, Tarchaneiotes successfully defended the fortress against a combined Latin-Bulgarian assault in the same year.^[2] Tarchaneiotes later accompanied the Emperor on his campaign (in 1241) that took the city of Thessalonica.^[3] Considered, according to George Akropolites, a skilful general, by 1252 he was placed as acting megas domestikos of the army, succeeding his deceased father-in-law Andronikos Palaiologos. In this capacity, he took part in Vatatzes's last campaign, in 1252–1253 against the Despotate of Epirus.^[4]

Tarchaneiotes remained acting megas domestikos into the first part of Theodore II Laskaris's reign (1254–1258), when the post was conferred onto the new emperor's favourites, the Mouzalon brothers Andronikos and George.^[5] Being related to the Palaiologoi by marriage, he supported the rise of his brother-in-law Michael VIII Palaiologos (r. 1259–1282) to the throne. He was rewarded with the restoration to the rank of megas domestikos (circa 1260), while his sons too received high state offices.^[6] Given that his second wife became a nun circa 1266, he may have died before that date.

Family

Tarchaneiotes was married twice, first to a daughter of the protostrator Andronikos Doukas Aprenos, and secondly to Maria-Martha Palaiologina, the eldest sister of Michael VIII Palaiologos.^[7]

From his second marriage he had four children:

• Theodora Tarchaneiotissa, who married Basil Kaballarios and later the megas stratopedarches Baladionites. She later became a nun with the name of Theodosia.
• Michael Tarchaneiotes, protovestiarios and notable general. He won a major victory against the Angevins at the Siege of Berat (1280–1281), and died in 1283/1284 from disease whilst on campaign.^[8]
• Andronikos Tarchaneiotes, megas konostaulos and governor of Adrianople. He defected to his father-in-law John I Doukas of Thessaly.^[9]
• John Tarchaneiotes, general in Asia Minor against the Turks.^[10]

References

1. Kazhdan 1991, p. 2011; Macrides 2007, p. 170.
2. Macrides 2007, pp. 200–201.
3. Macrides 2007, pp. 215–216.
4. Macrides 2007, pp. 244, 249–252.
5. Macrides 2007, pp. 253, 298.
6. Kazhdan 1991, p. 2012.
7. Macrides 2007, p. 202 (note 5).
8. Bartusis 1997, pp. 63, 68.
9. Bartusis 1997, p. 60.
10. Nicol 1993, pp. 124–125.

Sources

• Bartusis, Mark C. (1997). The Late Byzantine Army: Arms and Society 1204–1453. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: University of Pennsylvania Press. ISBN 0-8122-1620-2.
• Kazhdan, Alexander Petrovich (1991). Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-504652-6.
• Macrides, Ruth (2007). George Akropolites: The History – Introduction, Translation and Commentary. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-921067-1.
• Nicol, Donald MacGillivray (1993). The Last Centuries of Byzantium, 1261–1453. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-43991-4.