Nikolai Onoprienko
| Nikolai Nikolayevich Onoprienko | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Native name | Николай Николаевич Оноприенко |
| Born |
19 December 1911 Uil, Aktobe Region, Russian Empire |
| Died |
12 November 1979 Orenburg, Soviet Union |
| Allegiance |
 Soviet Union |
| Service/branch | Red Army |
| Years of service | 1931–1954 |
| Rank | Colonel |
| Unit | 37th Guards Rifle Division |
| Battles/wars | |
| Awards |
|
Nikolai Nikolayevich Onoprienko (Russian: Николай Николаевич Оноприенко; 19 December 1911 – 12 November 1979) was a Red Army colonel and World War II Hero of the Soviet Union. Onoprienko fought in the Battle of Smolensk, the Battle of Moscow, the Battle of Kursk,[1] Operation Kutuzov, Operation Bagration, the East Prussian Offensive and the Berlin Offensive.[2]
Early life
Onoprienko was born on 19 December 1911 in the village of Uil in Aktobe Region to a peasant family of Ukrainian ancestry. In 1927, he graduated from seven years of education and worked at his father's farm. In August 1930, he became the foreman of the village "Felix Dzerzhinsky" Kolkhoz.[2][3]
In July 1931, Onoprienko was drafted into the Red Army. He graduated from the 14th Mountain Rifle Regiment school in the Central Asian Military District in May 1932 at Termez.[4] Shortly afterwards, Onoprienko was admitted to the United Central Asian Red Banner Military School, from which he graduated in 1934. In May, he became a platoon commander in the 1st Rifle Regiment of Mining of the 83rd Turkestan Mountain Division. He was promoted in September 1935 to command of a company. In June 1936, Onoprienko transferred to command a company in the division's 45th Mountain Rifle Regiment. In 1937, he was awarded a gold watch for the excellent organization of combat training in his unit. In December 1938, Onoprienko was sent to the Higher Tactical Refresher Courses for Infantry Commanders "Vystrel" and graduated in June 1939. He was appointed commander of the 45th Mountain Rifle Regiment's reconnaissance company in Kushka. Onoprienko became the chief of the regimental school of the 83rd Mountain Division in October. In 1941, he joined the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. He became the 45th Mountain Rifle Regiment's deputy commander in Ashgabat during February.[2][3]
World War II
In August 1941, Onoprienko became the commander of a rifle battalion of the 34th Rifle Brigade in the 16th Army. He fought in the Battle of Smolensk, the Vyazma Defensive Operation and the Battle of Moscow, in which he was wounded on 28 December. After leaving the hospital in February 1942, Onoprienko became commander of the 134th Rifle Brigade's mortar battalion on the Bryansk Front. On 20 September, he was awarded the Medal "For Courage".[5] Promoted to major, he commanded the 74th Rifle Division's 78th Rifle Regiment from October. In February 1943, he reportedly distinguished himself during the Maloarkhangelsk Operation,[2] for which he was awarded the Order of the Red Banner on the 11th.[3][6]
Onoprienko became the commander of the 15th Rifle Division's 676th Rifle Regiment in April 1943 after being promoted to lieutenant colonel. On 10 June, he was awarded the Order of Alexander Nevsky.[7] During the Battle of Kursk, the 676th was positioned on the northern end of the Kursk Bulge, on the boundary with the 81st Rifle Division.[2] On 5 July, the regiment was attacked by German infantry from the 292nd Infantry Division supported by Ferdinand tank destroyers.[1] The regiment was surrounded but was able to break out during the night and fought throughout 6 July. On the next day, the depleted regiment was withdrawn from the front. Onoprienko was awarded his second Order of the Red Banner for his leadership at Kursk.[8] He continued to lead the 676th and fought in Operation Kutuzov in August. The regiment participated in the Chernigov-Pripyat Offensive in September and October and the Gomel-Rechitsa Offensive in November. During the Gomel-Rechitsa Offensive, Onoprienko was wounded on 7 November. After recovering, he returned to command of the regiment.[2][3]
In May 1944, Onoprienko became deputy commander of the drill of the 193rd Rifle Division. In June 1944, he was transferred to command the 118th Guards Rifle Regiment of the 87th Guards Rifle Division. During Operation Bagration, the division was part of the attack on Baranovichi. Onoprienko led the 118th around the German flank and advanced into the city, allowing other Soviet divisions to push German troops out of Baranovichi. On 28 August, he was awarded the Order of Suvorov 3rd class for his leadership.[9] In September and October, the regiment held on to the Serocki bridgehead on the Vistula.[2][3]
At the beginning of the East Prussian Offensive in January 1945, the regiment broke through German lines and reportedly advanced more than 10 kilometers in five days. For his leadership, he was awarded the Order of Kutuzov 3rd class on 16 February.[10] In February, Onoprienko became deputy commander of the drill of the 37th Guards Rifle Division. He fought in the East Pomeranian Offensive and the assault on Danzig. During the assault on Danzig, division commander Major General Sobir Rakhimov was killed on 26 March. Onoprienko took command and completed the division's assault on Danzig before being replaced by Major General Kuzma Grebennik on 30 March. On 19 April, the advanced forces of the division crossed the eastern branch of the Oder and were stopped by German troops positioned on a large river island. The vanguard of the division was led by Onoprienko. He reportedly organized communications with artillery, allowing the forward movement of 45mm guns. Fire from the 45mm guns allowed the troops to successfully assault the island. On the night of 20 April, the advance regiment of the division crossed the western branch of the Oder and created a bridgehead. Onoprienko attacked the main objectives and captured high ground and a brick factory. From these positions, the regiment reportedly repulsed 18 counterattacks and provided a bridgehead for the crossing of the rest of the division. On 29 June, Onoprienko was awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union[11] and the Order of Lenin.[2][3]
Postwar
In 1945, Onoprienko became the commander of a Guards Rifle Regiment. In 1948, he became the military commissar of the Dzerzhinsky District in Orenburg. In 1954, he retired from the active army. Orenburg worked in the regional roadbuilding trust at Orenburg. He died on 12 November 1979 and is buried in Orenburg.[2][3]
References
- 1 2 Forczyk, Robert; Noon, Steve (2014-09-20). Kursk 1943: The Northern Front. Osprey Publishing. p. 41. ISBN 9781782008217.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 "Оноприенко Николай Николаевич" [Onoprienko Nikolai Nikolayevich]. www.warheroes.ru (in Russian). Retrieved 2015-12-29.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Shkadov, I. (1988). Герои Советского Союза. Т. 2: Любовь – Ящук [Heroes of the Soviet Union V.2 Love-Yashchuk] (in Russian). Moscow: Voenizdat. ISBN 9785203005366.
- ↑ "ОНОПРИЕНКО НИКОЛАЙ НИКОЛАЕВИЧ | Биографии Героев и писателей СССР" [Onopriyenko Nikolai Nikolaevich | Biographies of Heroes and the Writers' Union]. pavelskaz.ru (in Russian). Retrieved 2015-12-30.
- ↑ Order No. 63 of the Bryansk Front, 20 Sep. 1942, available online at pamyat-naroda.ru
- ↑ Order No. 5 (1943) of the Bryansk Front, 11 Feb 1943, available online at pamyat-naroda.ru
- ↑ Order No. 70 of the Central Front, 10 Jun 1943, available online at pamyat-naroda.ru
- ↑ Order No. 80 of the Central Front, 13 Jul 1943, available online at pamyat-naroda.ru
- ↑ Order No. 206 of the 1st Belorussian Front, 28 Aug 1944, available online at pamyat-naroda.ru
- ↑ Order No. 131 of the 2nd Belorussian Front, 16 Feb 1945, available online at pamyat-naroda.ru
- ↑ Hero of the Soviet Union citation, available online at pamyat-naroda.ru