Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man

Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man
Content
Description Catalog of all known human genes and genetic phenotypes.
Data types
captured
Genes, genetic disorders, phenotypic traits
Organisms Homo sapiens
Contact
Research center Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
Primary citation PMID 21472891
Access
Website http://www.omim.org/

Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) is a continuously updated catalog of human genes and genetic disorders and traits, with a particular focus on the gene-phenotype relationship. As of 23 July 2015, approximately 8,062 of the over 23,000 entries in OMIM represented phenotypes; the rest represented genes, many of which were related to known phenotypes.[1]

Versions and history

OMIM is the online continuation of Dr. Victor McKusick's Mendelian Inheritance in Man (MIM), which was published in 12 editions between 1966 and 1998.[2][3][4] Nearly all of the 1,486 entries in the first edition of MIM discussed phenotypes.[2]

MIM/OMIM is produced and curated at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine (JHUSOM). OMIM became available on the internet in 1987 under the direction of the Welch Medical Library at JHUSOM with financial support from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. From 1995 to 2010, OMIM was available on the World Wide Web with informatics and financial support from the National Center for Biotechnology Information. The current OMIM website (OMIM.org), which was developed with funding from JHUSOM, is maintained by Johns Hopkins University with financial support from the National Human Genome Research Institute.[5][6]

Collection process and use

The content of MIM/OMIM is based on selection and review of the published peer-reviewed biomedical literature. Updating of content is performed by a team of science writers and curators under the direction of Dr. Ada Hamosh at the McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine of Johns Hopkins University. While OMIM is freely available to the public, it is designed for use primarily by physicians and other health care professionals concerned with genetic disorders, by genetics researchers, and by advanced students in science and medicine.[5]

The database may be used as a resource for locating literature relevant to inherited conditions,[7] and its numbering system is widely used in the medical literature to provide a unified index for genetic diseases.[8]

MIM classification system

MIM numbers

Each OMIM entry is given a unique six-digit identifier[9] as summarized below:

In cases of allelic heterogeneity, the MIM number of the entry is followed by a decimal point and a unique 4-digit number specifying the variant.[9] For example, allelic variants in the HBB gene (141900) are numbered 141900.0001 through 141900.0538.[10]

Because OMIM has responsibility for the classification and naming of genetic disorders, these numbers are stable identifiers of the disorders.[5]

Symbols preceding MIM numbers

Symbols preceding MIM numbers[11] indicate the entry category:

See also

References

  1. "OMIM Entry Statistics". Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man. Baltimore, MD: McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University. 2015. Retrieved 23 July 2015.
  2. 1 2 McKusick, V. A. Mendelian Inheritance in Man. Catalogs of Autosomal Dominant, Autosomal Recessive and X-Linked Phenotypes. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1st ed, 1996; 2nd ed, 1969; 3rd ed, 1971; 4th ed, 1975; 5th ed, 1978; 6th ed, 1983; 7th ed, 1986; 8th ed, 1988; 9th ed, 1990; 10th ed, 1992.
  3. McKusick, V. A. Mendelian Inheritance in Man. A Catalog of Human Genes and Genetic Disorders. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 11th ed, 1994; 12th ed, 1998.
  4. McKusick, V. A. (2007). "Mendelian Inheritance in Man and its online version, OMIM". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 80 (4): 588–604. doi:10.1086/514346. PMC 1852721. PMID 17357067. Retrieved 23 July 2015.
  5. 1 2 3 Amberger, J.; Bocchini, C.; Hamosh, A. (2011). "A new face and new challenges for Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM®)". Hum. Mutat. 32 (5): 564–7. doi:10.1002/humu.21466. PMID 21472891. Retrieved 23 July 2015. Cite uses deprecated parameter |coauthors= (help)
  6. Amberger, J.S.; Bocchini C.A.; Schiettecatte F.; Scott A.F.; Hamosh A. (2015). "OMIM.org: Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM®), an online catalog of human genes and genetic disorders". Nucleic Acids Res. 43 (Database issue): D789–98. doi:10.1093/nar/gku1205. PMID 25428349. Retrieved 23 July 2015. Cite uses deprecated parameter |coauthors= (help)
  7. Gitomer, W.; Pak, C. (1996). "Recent advances in the biochemical and molecular biological basis of cystinuria". The Journal of Urology 156 (6): 1907–1912. doi:10.1016/S0022-5347(01)65389-8. PMID 8911353.
  8. Tolmie, J.; Shillito, P.; Hughes-Benzie, R.; Stephenson, J. (1995). "The Aicardi-Goutières syndrome (familial, early onset encephalopathy with calcifications of the basal ganglia and chronic cerebrospinal fluid lymphocytosis)". Journal of Medical Genetics 32 (11): 881–884. doi:10.1136/jmg.32.11.881. PMC 1051740. PMID 8592332.
  9. 1 2 "FAQ, §1.2". Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man. Baltimore, MD: McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University. 2015. Retrieved 23 July 2015.
  10. "Hemoglobin beta locus or HBB (141900): Allelic variants". Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man. Baltimore, MD: McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University. 2015. Retrieved 23 July 2015.
  11. "FAQ, §1.3". Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man. Baltimore, MD: McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University. 2015. Retrieved 23 July 2015.

External links

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