Obninsk

Obninsk (English)
Обнинск (Russian)
-  City[1]  -

Bird's-eye view of Obninsk

Location of Kaluga Oblast in Russia
Obninsk
Location of Obninsk in Kaluga Oblast
Coordinates: 55°05′35″N 36°36′38″E / 55.09306°N 36.61056°E / 55.09306; 36.61056Coordinates: 55°05′35″N 36°36′38″E / 55.09306°N 36.61056°E / 55.09306; 36.61056
Coat of arms of Obninsk
Administrative status (as of October 2011)
Country Russia
Federal subject Kaluga Oblast[1]
Administratively subordinated to City of Obninsk[1]
Administrative center of City of Obninsk[1]
Municipal status (as of October 2011)
Urban okrug Obninsk Urban Okrug[2]
Administrative center of Obninsk Urban Okrug[2]
Statistics
Area 42.97 km2 (16.59 sq mi)
Population (2010 Census) 104,739 inhabitants[3]
- Rank in 2010 153rd
Density 2,437/km2 (6,310/sq mi)[4]
Time zone MSK (UTC+03:00)[5]
Founded 1946
City status since 1956
Postal code(s)[6] 249030
Dialing code(s) +7 48439
Official website
Obninsk on Wikimedia Commons

Obninsk (Russian: О́бнинск) is a city in Kaluga Oblast, Russia, located on the bank of the Protva River 100 kilometers (62 mi) southwest of Moscow and 80 kilometers (50 mi) from Kaluga. Population: 104,739 (2010 Census).[3]

History

The history of Obninsk began in 1945 when the First Research Institute Laboratory "V", which later became known as IPPE was founded. On June 27, 1954, in Obninsk started operations of the world's first nuclear power plant to generate electricity for a power grid. The city was built next to the plant in order to support it. Scientists, engineers, construction workers, teachers and other professionals moved to Obninsk from all over the Soviet Union. Town status was granted to Obninsk on June 24, 1956. The name of the city is taken from Obninskoye, the train station in Moscow-Bryansk railroad, built in Tsarist times.

Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, it is incorporated as the City of Obninsk—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.[1] As a municipal division, the City of Obninsk is incorporated as Obninsk Urban Okrug.[2]

Demographics

According to the 2010 Census, the population of the city was 104,739,[3] down from 105,706 recorded in the 2002 Census,[7] but up from 100,178 recorded in the 1989 Census.[8]

The average age of the citizens is thirty-nine years.[9]

Transportation

The city is located on the main rail line between Moscow and Kiev and at the intersection of Kiev and Warsaw highways. Three international airports are within reach from Obninsk: Vnukovo (70 km), Domodedovo (100 km), and Sheremetyevo (130 km). Cargo airfield Yermolino is only 15 kilometers (9.3 mi) away.

Science and education

View of the former Obninsk Nuclear Power Plant

Obninsk is one of the major Russian science cities. In 2000, it was awarded the status of the First Science City of Russia. The city is home to twelve scientific research institutes. Their main activities are nuclear power engineering, nuclear methods and radiation technology, technology of non-metallic materials, medical radiology, meteorology and ecology and environmental protection.[9]

The first nuclear power plant in the world for the large-scale production of electricity opened here on June 27, 1954, and it also doubled as a training base for the crew of the Soviet Union's first nuclear submarine, the K-3 Leninsky Komsomol. Now the city is home to twelve scientific research institutes. Their main activities are nuclear power engineering, radiation technology, medical radiology, and meteorology.

Obninsk is famous for its meteorological tower which was built to study spreading of radiation from the nuclear station.

The following institutes are located in the city:[10]

Economy

In the city are the plants of companies such as Kraftway (the largest manufacturer of personal computers in Russia), Ruukki, Lotte Confectionery, Hemofarm a.d..

Government

The Head of the City Administration is Vladislav Shapsha.

Sport

There is a bandy club called Atom.[11]

International relations

Obninsk has three sister cities, as designated by Sister Cities International:

Obninsk also has a partnership with:

References

Notes

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 Charter of Kaluga Oblast
  2. 1 2 3 Law #7-OZ
  3. 1 2 3 Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). "Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1" [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved June 29, 2012.
  4. ↑ The value of density was calculated automatically by dividing the 2010 Census population by the area specified in the infobox. Please note that this value may not be accurate as the area specified in the infobox does not necessarily correspond to the area of the entity proper or is reported for the same year as the population.
  5. ↑ Правительство Российской Федерации. Федеральный закон №107-ФЗ от 3 июня 2011 г. «Об исчислении времени», в ред. Федерального закона №248-ФЗ от 21 июля 2014 г. «О внесении изменений в Федеральный закон "Об исчислении времени"». Вступил в силу по истечении шестидесяти дней после дня официального опубликования (6 августа 2011 г.). Опубликован: "Российская газета", №120, 6 июня 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Federal Law #107-FZ of June 31, 2011 On Calculating Time, as amended by the Federal Law #248-FZ of July 21, 2014 On Amending Federal Law "On Calculating Time". Effective as of after sixty days following the day of the official publication.).
  6. ↑ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (Russian)
  7. ↑ Russian Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек" [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian). Retrieved August 9, 2014.
  8. ↑ Demoscope Weekly (1989). "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров" [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. Retrieved August 9, 2014.
  9. 1 2 "Business Guide to the Kaluga Region of Russia" (PDF). Jyväskylä University of Applied Sciences. 2009.
  10. ↑ "Research & Education". City of Obninsk.
  11. ↑ Official homepage

Sources

External links

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