Legal Adviser of the Department of State

Legal Adviser of the United States Department of State
Seal of the United States Department of State
Incumbent Mary McLeod since September 1, 2013
Inaugural holder	Green Hackworth
Formation	1931
Website	Official Website

The Legal Adviser of the Department of State is a position within the United States Department of State. It was created by an Act of Congress on February 23, 1931 (P.L. 71-715; 46 Stat. 1214). The Legal Adviser replaced the Solicitor, a Department of Justice employee who had functioned as the Department of State's chief legal officer since 1891. Between 1870 and 1891, the Examiner of Claims had been the chief legal officer of the Department. The Legal Adviser provides legal advice on all problems (domestic and international) arising in the course of the Department's activities. Solicitors and Examiners of Claims were by statute officials of the Department of Justice. The first Legal Adviser was Green Hackworth, who served until 1946 and then became a judge on the International Court of Justice.

The Legal Adviser heads the United States Department of State Office of the Legal Adviser. As such, the Legal Adviser has the rank of Assistant Secretary.^[1]^[2]

List of Legal Advisers of the Department of State

Name	Assumed Office	Left Office	President served under
Green Hackworth	July 1, 1931^[3]	March 1, 1946	Franklin D. Roosevelt and Harry S. Truman
Charles H. Fahy	June 19, 1946	August 15, 1947	Harry S. Truman
Ernest A. Gross	August 16, 1947	March 3, 1949	Harry S. Truman
Adrian S. Fisher	June 28, 1949	January 27, 1953	Harry S. Truman
Herman Phleger	February 2, 1953	April 1, 1957	Dwight D. Eisenhower
Loftus Becker	June 13, 1957	August 15, 1959	Dwight D. Eisenhower
Eric H. Hager	September 9, 1959	January 20, 1961	Dwight D. Eisenhower
Abram Chayes	February 6, 1961	June 27, 1964	John F. Kennedy
Leonard C. Meeker	May 18, 1965	July 13, 1969	Lyndon B. Johnson
John Reese Stevenson	July 14, 1969	January 1, 1973	Richard Nixon
Carlyle E. Maw	November 27, 1973	July 9, 1974	Richard Nixon
Monroe Leigh	January 21, 1975	January 20, 1977	Gerald Ford
Herbert J. Hansell	April 8, 1977	September 20, 1979	Jimmy Carter
Roberts Bishop Owen	October 4, 1979	February 16, 1981	Jimmy Carter
Davis Rowland Robinson	July 30, 1981	February 27, 1985	Ronald Reagan
Abraham David Sofaer	June 10, 1985	June 15, 1990	Ronald Reagan and George H. W. Bush
Edwin D. Williamson	September 20, 1990	January 20, 1993	George H. W. Bush
Conrad K. Harper	May 24, 1993	June 30, 1996	Bill Clinton
David Andrews	September 2, 1997	April 25, 2000	Bill Clinton
William Howard Taft IV	April 16, 2001	March 1, 2005	George W. Bush
John B. Bellinger III	April 6, 2005	March 23, 2009^[4]	George W. Bush, Barack Obama
Harold Hongju Koh	June 25, 2009	January 22, 2013	Barack Obama
Mary McLeod	September 1, 2013	present	Barack Obama

References

↑ "Assistant Secretaries and Equivalent Rank". January 20, 2009. Retrieved November 15, 2015.
↑ "Department Organization Chart". March 2014. Retrieved November 15, 2015.
↑ Initially commissioned during a Senate recess; subsequently confirmed and re-commissioned on December 17, 1931.
↑ http://fdsys.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/DCPD-2009NOMINATIONS/html/DCPD-2009NOMINATIONS.htm

United States Department of State

Headquarters: Harry S Truman Building John Kerry, Secretary of State Tony Blinken, Deputy Secretary of State Heather Higginbottom, Deputy Secretary of State for Management and Resources

Deputy Secretary of State & Deputy Secretary of State for Management and Resources	Bureau of Budget and Planning Counselor of the Department Office of U.S. Foreign Assistance Resources

Under Secretary for Political Affairs	Bureau of African Affairs Bureau of East Asian and Pacific Affairs Bureau of European and Eurasian Affairs Bureau of International Organization Affairs Bureau of Near Eastern Affairs Bureau of South and Central Asian Affairs Bureau of Western Hemisphere Affairs

Under Secretary for Economic Growth, Energy, and the Environment	Bureau of Economic and Business Affairs Bureau of Energy Resources Bureau of Oceans and International Environmental and Scientific Affairs Office of the Science and Technology Adviser Office of the Chief Economist

Under Secretary for Arms Control and International Security Affairs	Bureau of Arms Control, Verification and Compliance Bureau of International Security and Nonproliferation Bureau of Political-Military Affairs

Under Secretary for Public Diplomacy and Public Affairs	Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs Bureau of Public Affairs Bureau of International Information Programs Department Spokesperson Office of the Historian Office of Policy, Planning, and Resources for Public Diplomacy and Public Affairs United States Diplomacy Center

Under Secretary for Management	Bureau of Administration Bureau of Consular Affairs Bureau of Diplomatic Security Bureau of Human Resources Bureau of Information Resource Management Bureau of Overseas Buildings Operations Diplomatic Reception Rooms Foreign Service Institute Office of Children's Issues Office of eDiplomacy Office of Foreign Missions Office of Management Policy, Rightsizing, and Innovation Office of Medical Services Office of White House Liaison

Under Secretary for Civilian Security, Democracy, and Human Rights	Bureau of Conflict and Stabilization Operations Bureau of Counterterrorism Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor Bureau of International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs Bureau of Population, Refugees, and Migration Office of Global Criminal Justice Office of Global Youth Issues Office to Monitor and Combat Anti-Semitism Office to Monitor and Combat Trafficking in Persons

Bureaus/Offices reporting directly to the Secretary	Bureau of Intelligence and Research Bureau of Legislative Affairs Executive Secretariat Operations Center Office of Civil Rights Office of Inspector General Office of the Legal Adviser Office of Policy Planning Staff Office of the Chief of Protocol Office of Global Food Security Office of Global Women's Issues Office of the United States Global AIDS Coordinator Office of Global Partnerships

United States Assistant Secretaries of State (and Equivalent Ranks)

Reporting to the Under Secretary for Political Affairs	African Affairs East Asian and Pacific Affairs European and Eurasian Affairs International Organization Affairs Near Eastern Affairs South and Central Asian Affairs Western Hemisphere Affairs

Reporting to the Under Secretary for Economic Growth, Energy, and the Environment	Economic and Business Affairs Oceans and International Environmental and Scientific Affairs

Reporting to the Under Secretary for Arms Control and International Security Affairs	Arms Control, Verification, and Compliance International Security and Nonproliferation Political-Military Affairs

Reporting to the Under Secretary for Public Diplomacy and Public Affairs	Educational and Cultural Affairs Public Affairs Coordinator for International Information Programs

Reporting to the Under Secretary for Management	Administration Consular Affairs Diplomatic Security Director General of the Foreign Service

Reporting to the Under Secretary for Civilian Security, Democracy, and Human Rights	Conflict and Stabilization Operations Coordinator for Counterterrorism (Ambassador-at-Large) Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Population, Refugees, and Migration Trafficking in Persons (Ambassador-at-Large) War Crimes Issues (Ambassador-at-Large)

Reporting directly to the Secretary	Intelligence and Research Legislative Affairs Executive Secretary Inspector General Legal Adviser Director of Policy Planning Chief of Protocol Global Women's Issues (Ambassador-at-Large) Global AIDS Coordinator (Ambassador-at-Large)

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