Olympic winners of the Archaic period

Ancient Olympia
Event Ancient Olympic Games
Subject Ancient Olympic winners
Catalog of the Archaic period
Period 776 BC to 480 BC
Previous no data available
Next Classical period

Just how far back in history organized athletic contests were held remains a matter of debate, but it is reasonably certain that they occurred in Greece almost 3,000 years ago. However ancient in origin, by the end of the 6th century BC at least four Greek sporting festivals, sometimes called "classical games," had achieved major importance: the Olympic Games, held at Olympia; the Pythian Games at Delphi; the Nemean Games at Nemea; and the Isthmian Games, held near Corinth.[1] The Olympic Games was perhaps the greatest of all sporting event held every four years and all Olympian winners, were highly appreciated among the Greeks.

History

Main article: Ancient Olympic Games

The sophist Hippias of Elis was the first who drew up the list of Olympians in his work "Olympians inscription", based perhaps on the records of Olympia, and the oral tradition memories of the older Olympiads were still live in Olympia. Conventional beginning was considered the Olympiad of 776 BC, when Coroebus of Elis win the foot race named stadion. The work of Hippias revised and continued in the 4th century BC by Aristotle, later by Eratosthenes, then by Phlegon of Tralles (Seleucia of Caria) and many others. Thus formed a kind of Olympians' chronicle, which was already in 3rd century BC the base of the ancient dating system.[note 1] Than younger tables survives complete the list of stadion winners by Sextus Julius Africanus (for the first 249 Olympiads), which included in a book by Eusebius of Caesarea.[2][3]

List of Olympic winners in the Archaic period

The table below is an attempt to give a list (as complete as possible) of Olympic winners in the Archaic period (776 BC to 480 BC) combining all surviving sources. The work is based on records in the surviving historical and literary sources, race inscriptions, the texts of the Oxyrhynchus Papyri, the testimony of Pausanias and the list of Sextus Julius Africanus. The first column shows the serial number of any Olympiad, the second column the same date, the third column contains the game and the fourth column lists the name and origin of the winner, or marked with [...] if the element is not readable on the papyrus and giving whenever possible a version of what could contain when an investigation exists over this element.[2][3][4][5]

Olympiad Year Game Winner Sources
1st 776 BCStadion Coroebus of Elis [2][3][4][5]
2nd 772 BCStadion Antimachus of Elis (or of Dyspontium) [2][3][4][5]
3rd 768 BCStadion Androcles of Messenia (or Androclos) [2][3][4][5]
4th 764 BCStadion Polychares of Messenia [2][3][4][5]
5th 760 BCStadion Aeschines of Elis [2][3][4][5]
6th 756 BCStadion Oebotas of Dyme (or Oebolas) [2][3][4][5]
7th 752 BCStadion Diocles of Messenia (or Daicles) [2][3][4][5]
8th[note 2]748 BCStadionAnticles of Messenia [2][3][4][5]
9th 744 BCStadion Xenocles of Messenia (or Xenodocos) [2][3][4][5]
10th 740 BCStadion Dotades of Messenia [2][3][4][5]
11th 736 BCStadion Leochares of Messenia [2][3][4][5]
12th 732 BCStadion Oxythemis of Coronea (or of Cleonea) [2][3][4][5]
13th 728 BCStadion Diocles of Corinth [2][3][4][5]
14th 724 BCStadion Desmon of Corinth (or Dasmon) [2][3][4][5]
Diaulos Hypenus of Pisa [2][3][4][5]
15th 720 BCStadion Orsippus of Megara [2][3][4][5]
Dolichos Acanthus of Laconia [2][3][4][5]
16th 716 BCStadion Pythagoras of Laconia [2][3][4][5]
17th 712 BCStadion Polus of Epidaurus [2][3][4][5]
18th 708 BCStadion Tellis of Sicyon [2][3][4][5]
Wrestling Eurybatus of Laconia [2][3][4][5]
Pentathlon Lampis of Laconia [2][3][4][5]
19th 704 BCStadion Menus of Megara (or Menon) [2][3][4][5]
20th 700 BCStadion Atheradas of Laconia [2][3][4][5]
21st 696 BCStadion Pantacles of Athens [2][3][4][5]
22nd 692 BCStadion Pantacles of Athens [2][3][4][5]
Diaulos Pantacles of Athens[6] [4]
23rd 688 BCStadion Icarius of Hyperesia (or Icarus) [2][3][4][5]
Boxing Onomastus of Smyrna[note 3] [2][3][4][5]
24th 684 BCStadion Cleoptolemus of Laconia [2][3][4][5]
25th 680 BCStadion Thalpis of Laconia (or Thalpius) [2][3][4][5]
Tethrippon Pagon of Thebes (or Pagonus) [2][3][4][5]
26th 676 BCStadion Callisthenes of Laconia [2][3][4][5]
Pentathlon Philombrotus the Lacedaemonian[7] [2][3][4]
27th 672 BCStadion Eurybus of Athens (or Eurybotus or Eurybate) [2][3][4][5]
Pentathlon Philombrotus the Lacedaemonian[7] [2][3][4]
Boxing Dahippus of Croton [3][4]
Public TethripponDyspontium town[8] [3][4]
28th 668 BCStadion Chionis of Laconia (or Carmis or Charmis)[note 4] [2][3][4][5]
Pentathlon Philombrotus the Lacedaemonian[7] [2][3][4]
29th 664 BCStadion Chionis of Laconia (or Carmis or Charmis)[note 5] [2][3][4][5]
Diaulos Chionis of Laconia (or Carmis or Charmis)[6] [3][4]
30th 660 BCStadion Chionis of Laconia (or Carmis or Charmis) [2][3][4][5]
Diaulos Chionis of Laconia (or Carmis or Charmis)[6] [3][4]
31st 656 BCStadion Chionis of Laconia (or Carmis or Charmis) [2][3][4][5]
Diaulos Chionis of Laconia (or Carmis or Charmis)[6] [3][4]
32nd 652 BCStadion Cratinus of Megara [2][3][4][5]
Boxing Comaeus of Megara [2][3][4]
33rd 648 BCStadion Gyges of Laconia (or Gylis) [2][3][4][5]
Pancratium Lygdamis of Syracuse [2][3][4][5]
Tethrippon Myron (Tyrant of Syracuse)[note 6][2][3][4][5]
Keles Crauxidas the Crannonian (or Craxilas) [3][4][5]
34th[note 2]644 BCStadionStomas of Athens [2][3][4][5]
35th 640 BCStadion Sphaerus the Laconian [2][3][4][5]
Diaulos Cylon of Athens [2][3][4][5]
36th 636 BCStadion[2] orPancratium[9]Phrynon of Athens [2][3][4][5]
37th[note 7]632 BCStadionEurycleidas of Laconia [2][3][4][5]
Stadion boys Polynices of Elis (or Polyneices or Polyneites) [2][3][4][5]
Wrestling boys Hipposthenes of Laconia [2][3][4][5]
38th 628 BCStadion Olyntheus of Laconia [2][3][4][5]
Wrestling boys Eutelidas the Lacedaemonian[note 8] [2][3][4]
Pentathlon boys Eutelidas the Lacedaemonian [3][4][5]
39th 624 BCStadion Rhipsolaus of Laconia (or Rhipsolcus) [2][3][4][5]
Wrestling Hipposthenes of Laconia [2][3][4][5]
40th 620 BCStadion Olyntheus of Laconia [2][3][4][5]
Wrestling Hipposthenes of Laconia [2][3][4][5]
41st 616 BCStadion Cleondas of Thebes (or Cleonidas) [2][3][4][5]
Wrestling Hipposthenes of Laconia [2][3][4][5]
Boxing boys Philotas of Sybaris (or Philytas) [2][3][4][5]
42nd 612 BCStadion Lycotas of Laconia [2][3][4][5]
Wrestling Hipposthenes of Laconia [2][3][4][5]
43rd 608 BCStadion Cleon of Epidaurus [2][3][4][5]
Wrestling Hipposthenes of Laconia [2][3][4][5]
44th 604 BCStadion Gelon the Laconian [2][3][4][5]
45th 600 BCStadion Anticrates of Epidaurus [2][3][4][5]
46th 596 BCStadion Crysamaxos of Laconia [2][3][4][5]
Stadion boys Polymnestor of Miletus [2][3][4]
47th 592 BCStadion Eurycles of Laconia [2][3][4][5]
Tethrippon Megacleus of Athens [3]
48th 588 BCStadion Glaucias of Croton (or Glycon) [2][3][4][5]
Boxing Pythagoras of Samos [2][3][4]
49th 584 BCStadion Lycinus of Croton [2][3][4][5]
50th 580 BCStadion Epitelidas of Laconia [2][3][4][5]
51st 576 BCStadion Eratosthenes of Croton [2][3][4][5]
52nd 572 BCStadion Agis of Elis [2][3][4][5]
Pancratium Arrhichion of Phigalia (or Arrhachion) [2][3][4]
Tethrippon Cleisthenes (Tyrant of Sicyon)[7][10] [3][4][5]
53rd 568 BCStadion Agnon of Peparethus (or Hagnon) [2][3][4][5]
Pancratium Arrhichion of Phigalia (or Arrhachion) [2][3][4]
54th 564 BCStadion Hippostratus of Croton [2][3][4][5]
Pancratium Arrhichion of Phigalia (or Arrhachion) [2][3][4]
Keles Callius of Athens (son of Phaenhippus) [3][4]
55th 560 BCStadion Hippostratus of Croton [2][3][4][5]
56th 556 BCStadion Phaedrus of Pharsalus [2][3][4][5]
Boxing [...][11] the Lacedaemonian (son of Chilon of Sparta)[note 9] [3][4]
57th 552 BCStadion Ladromus of Laconia [2][3][4][5]
58th 548 BCStadion Diognetus of Croton [2][3][4][5]
59th 544 BCStadion Archilochus of Corcyra [2][3][4][5]
Boxing Praxidamas of Aegina [3][4][5]
60th 540 BCStadion Apellaeus of Elis [2][3][4][5]
Boxing boys[...]creon of Kea[7][12] [3][4]
Wrestling boys Milo of Croton[7] [2][3][4][5]
61st 536 BCStadion Agatharchus of Corcyra [2][3][4][5]
Pancratium Rexibius of Opous [3][4]
62nd 532 BCStadion Eryxias of Chalcis (or Eryxidas) [2][3][4][5]
Wrestling Milo of Croton[7][note 10] [2][3][4][5]
Pancratium orBoxingEurymenes of Samos [13]
Tethrippon Cimon Coalemos (son of Stesagoras of Athens) [3][4]
63rd 528 BCStadion Parmenides of Camarina [2][3][4][5]
Wrestling Milo of Croton[7] [2][3][4][5]
Tethrippon Peisistratos of Athens (son of Hippocrates) [3][4]
64th 524 BCStadion Evander of Thessaly (or Menander) [2][3][4][5]
Wrestling Milo of Croton[7] [2][3][4][5]
Tethrippon Cimon Coalemos (son of Stesagoras of Athens) [3][4]
65th 520 BCStadion Anochus of Tarentum (or Anochas) [2][3][4][5]
Diaulos Anochus of Tarentum (or Anochas)[6] [3][4]
Hoplitodromos Damaretus of Heraea (or Demaretus) [2][3][4][5]
Wrestling Milo of Croton[7] [2][3][4][5]
Boxing boys Glaukos of Carystos [3][4]
Tethrippon [...] of Thebes [4]
66th 516 BCStadion Ischyrus of Himera [2][3][4][5]
Hoplitodromos Damaretus of Heraea (or Demaretus) [3][4]
Wrestling Milo of Croton[7] [2][3][4][5]
Pancratium Timasitheus of Delphi[7] [3][4]
Tethrippon Cleosthenes of Epidamnus (or the Illyrian) [3][4][5]
67th 512 BCStadion Phanas of Pellene [2][3][4][5]
Diaulos Phanas of Pellene [2][3][4]
Hoplitodromos Phanas of Pellene [2][3][4]
Pancratium Timasitheus of Delphi[7] [3][4]
Wrestling Timasitheus of Croton[7][3][4]
68th 508 BCStadion Isomachus of Croton (or Ischomachus) [2][3][4][5]
Hoplitodromos Phrikias of Pellene[7] [3][4]
Wrestling Calliteles of Laconia[7] [4]
Keles [Sons of Pheidolas of Corinth] [3][4]
69th 504 BCStadion Isomachus of Croton (or Ischomachus) [2][3][4][5]
Diaulos orDolichosThessalos of Corinth[7] [3][4]
Hoplitodromos Phrikias of Pellene[7] [3][4]
(unknown game)Titas of [...][6] [4]
70th 500 BCStadion Nicasias of Opus (or Nicaestas or Nicias) [2][3][4][5]
Stadion boys Philon of Corcyra[7] [3][14][15]
Boxing boys Agametor of Mantineia [4]
Apene Thersius of Thessaly [3][4][5]
71st 496 BCStadion Tisicrates of Croton [2][3][4][5]
Boxing Kleomedes of Astypalaia[16] [3][4]
Wrestling Exaenetus of Agrigento [3][4]
Keles Empedocles of Agrigento (son of Exaenetus) [3][4][5]
Kalpe Pataecus of Dyme [3][4][5]
72nd 492 BCStadion Tisicrates of Croton [2][3][4][5]
(foot race)Hippokleas of Pelinna [3][4]
Keles Crocon ο Eretria [4]
73rd 488 BCStadion Astylos of Croton (or Astyalus) [2][3][4][5]
Diaulos Astylos of Croton (or Astyalus) [3][4]
Hoplitodromos orDolichosHippocleas of Pelinna [3][4]
Pentathlon Euthycles of Lokroi [4]
Stadion boys Asopichos of Orchomenos [3][4]
Boxing boys Agiadas of Elis [4]
Keles Hieron of Syracuse[6] [5]
Tethrippon Gelon (Tyrant of Syracuse) [3][4][5]
74th 484 BCStadion Astylos of Croton (as of Syracuse) [2][3][4][5]
Diaulos Astylos of Croton (as of Syracuse) [3][4]
Hoplitodromos Mnaseas of Cyrene [4]
Dolichos [Dromeus of Stymfalia][7] [3][4]
Wrestling Theopompus of Heraea[7] [3][15]
Pancratium Agias of Pharsalus[7] [4]
Boxing Euthymos of Locri (or the Italian) [3][4]
Tethrippon Polypeithes of Laconia [4]
75th 480 BCStadion Astylos of Croton (as of Syracuse) [2][3][4][5]
Diaulos Astylos of Croton (as of Syracuse) [3][4]
Hoplitodromos Astylos of Croton (as of Syracuse) [3][4]
Dolichos [Dromeus of Stymfalia][7] [3][4]
Wrestling Theopompus of Heraea[7] [3][15]
Boxing Theagenes of Thasos [3][4]
Pancratium [Dromeus of Mantineia] [3][4]
Stadion boys [Xe]nopithes of Chios[17] [3][4]
Wrestling boys [...]con of Argos [3][4]
Boxing boys [...]phanes of Heraea [3][4]
Tethrippon [Dae]tondas and Arsilochus of Thebes [3][4]
Public KelesArgos town[8] [3][4]

Supplementary list

The supplementary list contains Olympic winners of this period known from literary and epigraphic records, but who have been dated only approximately and cannot be included in specific Olympiads.[3]

Chronology Game Winner Sources
700 BC to 650 BC Dolichos Phanas of Messenia [3][4]
c. 636 BC Stadion Arytamas of Laconia [3][4]
612 BC to 592 BC Tethrippon Alcmaeon of Athens (son of Megacles) [3][4]
672 BC to 532 BC Tethrippon Euagoras the Lacedaemonian (three consecutive times) [3][4]
late 7th or early 6th century BCTethrippon Periandros of Corinth (son of Cypselus of Corinth)[7] [3]
early 6th century BC WrestlingHetoimocles of Laconia (son of Hipposthenes) (five times)[18] [3][4]
572 BC to 528 BC Boxing Tisandros of Sicilian Naxos (four consecutive times)[19] [3][4]
c. 560 BC Tethrippon Miltiades of Athens (son of Cypselus of Athens) [3][4]
550 BC to 500 BC Keles Pheidolas of Corinth [3][4]
c. 520 BC (unknown game)Philippus of Croton (son of Butacides) [3][4][20]
late 6th century BC Tethrippon Pantares the Sicilian (son of Menecrates of Gela)[6][21] [3][4]
510 BC to 491 BC Tethrippon Demaratus (King of Sparta) [3][4]
c. 500 BC Pentathlon Akmatidas the Lacedaemonian [3][4]
c. 500 BC Stadion boys Meneptolemos of Apollonia [4]
5th century BC (unknown game)Damarchos of Parrhasia [3]
early 5th century BC Keles Echecrates of Pharsalus (or Echecratidas) [3]
early 5th century BC Pentathlon Theopombus of Heraea (son of Damaretos) (two times)[22] [3][4]
500 BC to 488 BC Boxing Philon of Corcyra (two times)[7][23] [3][4]
500 BC to 484 BC Tethrippon Callius of Athens (son of Hipponicus) (three times) [3][4]
c. 488 BC Boxing Diognetus of Croton[7] [4]
c. 484 BC Wrestling Telemachus of Pharsalus[7] [4]
before 484 BC (unknown game)Praxiteles of Syracuse [3]
before 480 BC Boxing boys Epikradios of Mantineia [3][4]
492 BC to 480 BC Pentathlon Hieronymos of Andros [4]
500 BC to 476 BC Apene Anaxilas (Tyrant of Region) [3][4]
500 BC to 450 BC Boxing boys Protolaus of Mantineia [3]

Notes

  1. According to Encyclopaedia Britannica (1911), Chronology (§ Olympiads).
  2. 1 2 None-Olympiad for Elis. Organized by Pisatans.
  3. It was Onomastus who established the rules of Boxing, according to Eusebius, p. 196.
  4. According to Eusebius, p. 198, Chionis was not the winner of this Olympiad, but Charmis of Laconia, who trained on a diet of dried figs.
  5. Chionis could leap a distance of 22 feet (about 6,71 meters), according to Eusebius, p. 198.
  6. Myron, son of Andreas, tyrant of Sicyon, according to Müller, p. 452.
  7. Were performed for the first time the games for boys.
  8. According to Eusebius, p. 199, exceptionally, only in this Olympiad, the boys fought in pancratium, and the name of winner was Deftelidas of Laconia.
  9. Chilon died of happiness after the victory of his son (according to Diogenes, ch. III (Chilon), pp. 72-73).
  10. He won six times at the Olympic games, six times at the Pythian games, ten times at the Isthmian games, and nine times at the Nemean games, according to Eusebius p. 202.

References

  1. Encyclopedia Britannica 2006, The ancient Olympic Games.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 According to Eusebius.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 According to HHN.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 According to FHW.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 According to Müller.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 The chronological value is considered to be uncertain.
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 The chronology is considered to be relevant.
  8. 1 2 The victory belongs to this town.
  9. According to Diogenes, ch. IV (Pittacus), p. 74
  10. This was in 584 BC, according to Müller, p. 454.
  11. Mentioned as Damagetos, HHN, p. 503.
  12. Mentioned as Leocreon (according to FHW) or Neocreon (according to HHN, p. 503).
  13. According to Greek base of FHW.
  14. According to FHW, this was on previous Olympiad.
  15. 1 2 3 There is also a reference in the supplementary list below.
  16. According to FHW, this was on next Olympiad.
  17. According to FHW was from Kea.
  18. According to FHW the first one as a boy.
  19. Beginning (the most likely) from the 60th Olympiad (according to HHN) or maybe the 52nd Olympiad (according to FHW).
  20. According to Herodotus Book 5: ch. 47, 1-2.
  21. In 508 BC according to FHW.
  22. In 484 BC and 480 BC according to FHW. Also there are references to wrestling by athlete Theopombus according to HHN, p. 503 (wrestling) and p. 507 (pentathlon).
  23. In 500 BC and 496 BC (according to FHW), or in 492 BC and 488 BC (according to HHN, p. 503).

Sources

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ancient sports.

See also

This article is issued from Wikipedia - version of the Tuesday, April 26, 2016. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike but additional terms may apply for the media files.