Order of Ushakov

Order of Ushakov
Order of Ushakov (obverse)
Awarded by Russian Federation USSR
Type	Single grade Order
Eligibility	Command grade naval officers
Awarded for	Outstanding military leadership
Status	Active
Statistics
Established	March 3, 1944^[1]
First awarded	May 16, 1944
Precedence
Next (higher)	Order of Suvorov
Next (lower)	Order of Zhukov
Ribbon of the Order of Ushakov

Admiral Nikolay Mikhaylovich Kharlamov, a recipient of the Order of Ushakov 1st class

Admiral Arseniy Golovko, twice recipient of the Order of Ushakov 1st class

Royal Navy Admiral Sir Bertram Home Ramsay, a recipient of the Order of Ushakov 1st class

Admiral of the Fleet of the Soviet Union Sergey Gorshkov, a recipient of both classes of the Order of Ushakov

The Order of Ushakov (Russian: «Орден Ушакова») is a military decoration of the Russian Federation named in honour of admiral Fyodor Ushakov (1744 - 1817) who never lost a battle and was proclaimed patron saint of the Russian Navy. It is bestowed to command grade naval officers for outstanding leadership. The order was established in two classes during World War II by decision of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of March 3, 1944.^[1] The idea was given to Joseph Stalin by admiral Nikolai Gerasimovich Kuznetsov in the summer of 1943. Following the 1991 dissolution of the USSR, the Order of Ushakov was retained unchanged by Decision of the Supreme Soviet of the Russian Federation 2557-I of March 20, 1992^[2] but it was not awarded in this form. The all encompassing Presidential Decree 1099 of September 7, 2010^[3] that modernised and reorganised the entire Russian awards system away from its Soviet past amended the Order to its present form, a ribbon mounted single class Order.

Soviet statute

From its establishment in 1944 until September 2010, the Order of Ushakov was awarded to officers of the Navy for outstanding achievements in the development, implementation and prosecution of naval operations resulting in victory over a numerically superior enemy.^[1]

The Order of Ushakov 1st class was awarded to naval officers for:

excellent organization and conduct of operations against the enemy at sea or against its shore installations, the destruction of enemy naval forces or its coastal bases and fortifications in a sudden and decisive strike based on the full cooperation of all forces and resources of the fleet;^[1]
well organized and successfully completed naval operation against enemy communications, which led to the destruction of a significant number of its warships and transports;^[1]
initiative and determination in the management of combat operations resulting in the defeat of a numerically superior enemy, while retaining the combat capabilities of our forces;^[1]
skilful and covert organisation and management of large-scale amphibious operations, which resulted in heavy enemy losses while retaining the combat capabilities of our forces.^[1]

The Order of Ushakov 2nd class was awarded to naval officers for:

excellent leadership and successful combat actions at sea against a numerically superior enemy, which led to heavy enemy losses;^[1]
skilful, swift and bold actions in raiding enemy bases and coastal facilities, resulting in the destruction of large enemy forces and equipment;^[1]
successful and audacious actions against the enemy lines of communication that led to the destruction of heavily escorted ships and transports of a numerically superior enemy;^[1]
excellent organisation and management of naval units taking part in a major amphibious operation, or for a well-organised and successful operations during a tactical landing;^[1]
the successful execution of combat missions, skilful and efficient organization and coordination of all available forces and resources of the fleet in a battle that led to the destruction of a large enemy force;^[1]
excellent leadership during an operation that led to a major military victory.^[1]

The Order of Ushakov 1st class was worn on the right side of the chest and when in the presence of other Orders of the USSR, located immediately after the Order of Suvorov 1st class. The Order 2nd class was also worn on the right side and located immediately after the Order of Suvorov 2nd class.^[1]

Soviet and pre September 2010 award description

The Order of Ushakov 1st class was of multi part construction consisting of a five pointed star struck from platinum, an oxidised silver anchor and chain secured to the platinum star with four rivets, and a circular central medallion struck from gold superimposed on the anchor and bearing the relief image of admiral Ushakov, the background being covered in dark blue enamel, around the admiral's head, the inscription in gilt letters "ADMIRAL USHAKOV" (Russian: «АДМИРАЛ УШАКОВ»), below the admiral, laurel and oak branches bisected by the hammer and sickle. The central medallion was secured to the platinum star by two rivets and surrounded by a gilt rope. On the reverse, a threaded screw and a 33 mm in diameter nut arrangement for attachment to clothing. The award serial number was hand etched in the lower part. The Order 2nd class differed from the 1st class in the materials used in its construction, its five pointed star was made of gold while the anchor and central medallion were of silver and the oak and laurel branches were omitted.^[1]^[2]

The only noticeable difference between the Soviet and early Russian Federation variants was the abrogation of the hammer and sickle from the latter.^[2]

First Class 1944 - 1991	Second Class 1944 - 1991	First Class 1992 - 2010	Second Class 1992 - 2010

Ribbons

Recipients of the Soviet award (partial list)

The Soviet Union's Order of Ushakov first class was awarded a total of 47 times, the second class 194 times.

The individuals listed below were awarded the Order of Ushakov 1st class:^[4]^[5]

Admiral of the Fleet of the Soviet Union Nikolay Gerasimovich Kuznetsov
Admiral Gordey Ivanovich Levchenko
Admiral Filipp Sergeyevich Oktyabrskiy (Twice)
Admiral Vladimir Filippovich Tributs (Twice)
Admiral Nikolay Mikhaylovich Kharlamov
Admiral Arseniy Grigoriyevich Golovko (Twice)
Admiral of the Fleet of the Soviet Union Hovhannes Stepani Isakov (Twice)
Admiral Stepan Grigorievich Kucherov
Admiral of the Fleet of the Soviet Union Sergey Georgiyevich Gorshkov (Both classes)
Admiral Lev Mikhailovich Galler (Twice)
Admiral Sir Bertram Home Ramsay KCB, KBE, MVO
Marshal of naval aviation Simon Fedorovich Zhavoronkov (Twice)
Admiral Nikolai Ignatievich Vinogradov
Admiral Vladimir Antonovich Alafuzov
Admiral Pavel Sergeevich Abankin

The individuals listed below were awarded the Order of Ushakov 2nd class:^[4]^[5]

Rear Admiral Vladimir Konstantinovich Konovalov
Captain 2nd grade Israel Ilyich Fisanovich
Captain 1st grade Ivan Vasilyevich Travkin
Admiral Lev Anatolevich Vladimirsky
Rear Admiral Nikolai Alexandrovich Lunin
Major General of naval aviation Nikolai Vasilievich Tchelnokov
Major General of naval aviation Nikolai Alekseevich Musatov
Captain of naval aviation Damian Vasil'evich Osyka
Captain 1st grade Anton Iosifovich Gurin
Captain 1st grade Samuel Nakhmanovich Bogorad
Major General of naval aviation Konstantin Dmitrievich Denisov
Lieutenant Colonel of naval aviation Andrei Ivanovich Barsky
Captain 3rd grade Vasily Markovich Zhil'tchov
Captain Lieutenant Ivan Sergeevich Ivanov
Admiral Ivan Ivanovich Borzov

The Order of Ushakov was also bestowed to the following units and institutions:^[5]

Submarine Brigade of the Northern Fleet
2nd Anti-Submarine Brigade of the Northern Fleet
Torpedo Boat Brigade "Pechenga" of the Northern Fleet
Submarine Brigade of the Baltic Fleet
9th Air Assault Division of the Baltic Fleet
Minelaying Flotilla of the Black Sea Fleet
Dnieper Flotilla
4th Amur River Flotilla
Frunze Higher Naval School
N.G. Kuznetsov Naval Academy

Statute of the modern award

The Order of Ushakov is awarded to command grade officers of formations and divisions of the Navy for:

skilful organization and conduct of operations during naval combat during which, despite the numerical superiority of the enemy, the objectives of the operation were carried out;^[6]
skilful naval manoeuvres leading to the defeat of superior enemy naval forces;^[6]
initiative and determination in choosing a place and time of application of the main attack which led to the defeat of the enemy enabling the preservation and combat readiness of forces (troops);^[6]
the destruction of the enemy fleet or shore facilities;^[6]
skilful organization causing a sudden and decisive blow to enemy forces based on interaction with other branches of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation;^[6]
skilful organization in repelling enemy attacks from the sea while retaining the fighting ability of formations and of forces (troops), of operational facilities on home territory, of the main ports of the fleet;^[6]
success in combined naval (air / sea), amphibious operations, which resulted in achieving its goals.^[6]

The Order of Ushakov may also be awarded to military units and formations of the Navy for participation in successful naval operations.^[6] It may also be awarded to foreign citizens - soldiers of allied forces from among its senior officers involved alongside troops of the Russian Federation. for organizing and conducting successful joint operations of allied troops (forces).^[3]

The Russian Federation order of precedence dictates that the Order of Ushakov is to be worn on the left side of the chest, and in the presence of other orders of the Russian Federation, is to be located immediately after the Order of Suvorov.^[7]

Description of the modern award

Badge of the Order of Ushakov

The Order of Ushakov is a 40 mm wide blue enamelled silver cross pattée, seven silver rays of increasing size protrude from the center between each cross arm. On the obverse, a convex central blue enamelled medallion superimposed over a ship's anchor, the arms and flukes, stock and shackle visible. On the medallion, the gilded bust of Admiral Fyodor Ushakov half turned to the left. Below the medallion, on the crown and arms of the anchor, crossed gilded branches of oak and laurel. On either side of the bust, following the medallion's circumference, the gilded relief inscription "ADMIRAL USHAKOV" (Russian: «АДМИРАЛ УШАКОВ»). The maximum distance between the tips of opposing silver rays is 45 mm. The plain reverse bears only a relief "N" and a line for the award serial number.^[6]

The badge of the Order is suspended by a ring through the award's suspension loop to a standard Russian pentagonal mount covered by an overlapping 24 mm wide white silk moiré ribbon with a 4 mm wide blue central stripe and two 2 mm blue edge stripes.

References

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 "Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of March 3, 1944" (in Russian). Legal Library of the USSR. 1944-03-03. Retrieved 2012-05-22.
1 2 3 "Decision of the Supreme Soviet of the Russian Federation 2557-I of March 20, 1992" (in Russian). Commission under the President of the Russian Federation on state awards. 1999-12-15. Retrieved 2012-05-22.
1 2 "Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of September 7, 2010 No 1099" (in Russian). Russian Gazette. 2010-09-07. Retrieved 2012-05-22.
1 2 "List of recipients of the Order of Nakhimov compiled from en.Wikipedia". English Wikipedia. Missing or empty |url= (help); |access-date= requires |url= (help)
1 2 3 "List of recipients of the Order of Nakhimov compiled from ru.Wikipedia" (in Russian). Russian Wikipedia. Missing or empty |url= (help); |access-date= requires |url= (help)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 "Statute of the Order of Ushakov" (in Russian). Commission under the President of the Russian Federation on state awards. 2010-09-07. Retrieved 2012-05-22.
↑ "Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of December 16, 2011 No 1631" (in Russian). Russian Gazette. 2011-12-16. Retrieved 2012-02-12.

External links

Orders, decorations, and medals of the Soviet Union

Highest grade of distinction	Hero of the Soviet Union Hero of Socialist Labour Mother Heroine

Honorary titles	Honoured Military Pilot of the USSR Honoured Military Navigator of the USSR Pilot-Cosmonaut of the USSR Honoured Test Pilot of the USSR Honoured Test Navigator of the USSR Honoured Pilot of the USSR Honoured Navigator of the USSR Honoured Inventor of the USSR People's Artist of the USSR People's Doctor of the USSR People's Architect of the USSR People's Teacher of the USSR

Civil and military orders	Order of Victory Order of Lenin Order of the October Revolution Order of the Red Banner Order of Suvorov Order of Ushakov Order of Kutuzov Order of Nakhimov Order of the Red Star Order of the Patriotic War Order of Alexander Nevsky Order of Bogdan Khmelnitsky Order of Glory Order for Service to the Homeland in the Armed Forces of the USSR Order of the Red Banner of Labour Order of Friendship of Peoples Order of the Badge of Honour Order of Maternal Glory Order of Labour Glory Order of Honour Order "For Personal Courage"

Military medals	Medal "For Courage" Medal for Battle Merit Medal of Ushakov Medal of Nakhimov Medal "For Distinction in Guarding the State Border of the USSR" Medal "For Distinction in the Protection of Public Order" Medal "For Distinction in Military Service" 1st class Medal "For Distinction in Military Service" 2nd class Medal "For Strengthening Military Cooperation" Medal "For Impeccable Service" Medal "Veteran of the Armed Forces of the USSR"

Second World War medals	Medal "For the Defence of Leningrad" Medal "For the Defence of Odessa" Medal "For the Defence of Sevastopol" Medal "For the Defence of Stalingrad" Medal "For the Defence of Moscow" Medal "For the Defence of the Caucasus" Medal "For the Defence of the Soviet Transarctic" Medal "For the Defence of Kiev" Medal "For the Capture of Berlin" Medal "For the Capture of Budapest" Medal "For the Capture of Königsberg" Medal "For the Capture of Vienna" Medal "For the Liberation of Prague" Medal "For the Liberation of Warsaw" Medal "For the Liberation of Belgrade" Medal "For the Victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War 1941–1945" Medal "For the Victory over Japan" Medal "Partisan of the Patriotic War" 1st class Medal "Partisan of the Patriotic War" 2nd class Medal "For Valiant Labour in the Great Patriotic War 1941–1945"

Civil medals	Medal "For Labour Valour" Medal "For Distinguished Labour" Medal "For the Salvation of the Drowning" Medal "For Courage in a Fire" Medal "Veteran of Labour" Medal "For the Restoration of the Donbass Coal Mines" Medal "For the Restoration of the Black Metallurgy Enterprises of the South" Medal "For the Development of Virgin Lands" Medal "For Construction of the Baikal-Amur Railway" Medal "For Transforming the Non-Black Earth of the RSFSR" Medal "For the Tapping of the Subsoil and Expansion of the Petrochemical Complex of Western Siberia"

Jubilee medals	Jubilee Medal "XX Years of the Workers' and Peasants' Red Army" Jubilee Medal "30 Years of the Soviet Army and Navy" Jubilee Medal "40 Years of the Armed Forces of the USSR" Jubilee Medal "50 Years of the Armed Forces of the USSR" Jubilee Medal "60 Years of the Armed Forces of the USSR" Jubilee Medal "70 Years of the Armed Forces of the USSR" Jubilee Medal "Twenty Years of Victory in the Great Patriotic War 1941–1945" Jubilee Medal "Thirty Years of Victory in the Great Patriotic War 1941–1945" Jubilee Medal "Forty Years of Victory in the Great Patriotic War 1941–1945" Medal "In Commemoration of the 800th Anniversary of Moscow" Medal "In Commemoration of the 250th Anniversary of Leningrad" Medal "In Commemoration of the 1500th Anniversary of Kiev" Jubilee Medal "50 Years of the Soviet Militia" Jubilee Medal "In Commemoration of the 100th Anniversary since the Birth of Vladimir Il'ich Lenin"

State orders, decorations, and medals of the Russian Federation

Honorary titles	Hero of the Russian Federation Hero of Labour of the Russian Federation Pilot-Cosmonaut of the Russian Federation Honoured Military Pilot of the Russian Federation Honoured Military Navigator of the Russian Federation Honored Cultural Worker of the RSFSR

Orders	Order of St. Andrew Order of St. George Order "For Merit to the Fatherland" Order of St. Catherine Order of Alexander Nevsky Order of Suvorov Order of Ushakov Order of Zhukov Order of Kutuzov Order of Nakhimov Order of Courage Order "For Military Merit" Order "For Naval Merit" Order of Honour Order of Friendship Order of Parental Glory

Decorations	Cross of St. George Decoration "For Beneficence" Decoration For Impeccable Service

Medals	Medal of the Order "For Merit to the Fatherland" Medal "For Courage" Medal of Suvorov Medal of Ushakov Medal of Zhukov Medal of Nesterov Medal of Pushkin Medal Defender of a Free Russia Medal "For Distinction in the Protection of Public Order" Medal "For Distinction in the Protection of the State Borders" Medal "For Life Saving" Medal "For Work in Agriculture" Medal "For the Development of Railways" Medal "For Merit in Space Exploration" Medal of the Order of Parental Glory

Jubilee medals	Jubilee Medal "50 Years of Victory in the Great Patriotic War 1941–1945" Jubilee Medal "60 Years of Victory in the Great Patriotic War 1941–1945" Jubilee Medal "65 Years of Victory in the Great Patriotic War 1941–1945" Jubilee Medal "70 Years of Victory in the Great Patriotic War 1941–1945" Jubilee Medal "300 Years of the Russian Navy" Medal "In Commemoration of the 850th Anniversary of Moscow" Jubilee Medal "100 Years of the Trans-Siberian Railway" Medal "In Commemoration of the 300th Anniversary of Saint Petersburg" Medal "In Commemoration of the 1000th Anniversary of Kazan"

Presidential certificates	Russian Federation Presidential Certificate of Honour Russian Federation Presidential Certificate of Gratitude

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