Orison Swett Marden

This article is about the writer and physician. For the lawyer, see Orison S. Marden (lawyer).
Orison Swett Marden
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Dr. Orison Swett Marden (1848–1924) was an American inspirational author who wrote about achieving success in life and founded SUCCESS magazine in 1897. His writings discuss common-sense principles and virtues that make for a well-rounded, successful life. Many of his ideas are based on New Thought philosophy.

His first book, Pushing to the Front (1894), became an instant best-seller. Marden later published fifty or more books and booklets, averaging two titles per year.[1]

Biography

The "Bound Out" Orphan

Marden was born 11 June 1848 in Thornton Gore, New Hampshire to Lewis and Martha Marden. When he was three years old, his mother died at the age of twenty-two, leaving Orison and his two sisters in the care of their father, who was a farmer, hunter, and trapper. When Orison was seven years old, his father died from injuries incurred while in the woods. Consequently, the children were shuttled from one guardian to another, with Orison working for five successive families as a "hired boy" to earn his keep.[2]

During his early to mid-teens, Marden discovered a book entitled Self-Help by Scottish author Samuel Smiles in an attic.[3] The discovery of the book marked a turning point in the life of the impressionable teenager, for it fired him with ambition and willpower to improve himself and his life circumstances. Marden valued the book as if it were "worth its weight in diamonds" and virtually committed its contents to memory. He developed a deep respect and admiration for the author, whose work planted a desire that he could perhaps, someday, inspire others as Samuel Smiles had done for him.[4]

Marden's young manhood was marked by remarkable energy and unbroken achievement. By his early thirties, he had earned his academic degrees in science, arts, medicine and law. During his college years he supported himself by working in a hotel and afterward by becoming the owner of several hotels and a resort. He remained a successful hotel owner till his early forties (see "Timeline" for dates and other details).[5]

Pushing to the Front (1894)

At age forty-four, Marden switched careers to professional authorship. It was a bold decision he had given careful thought, having suffered repeated business reversals and a hotel fire. His fervent sense of idealism along with an urgent sense of "now or never" in middle life spurred him onward in his new goal.

Margaret Connolly, a contemporary who worked for Marden's publishing firm in the early 1900s, describes the incident of the hotel fire, his narrow escape from death, and the loss of his original manuscript, which he later re-wrote and entitled Pushing to the Front. Marden's unwavering determination to start from scratch after this devastating loss was characteristic of the man and his writings. Connolly writes:

Over five thousand pages of manuscripts – the fruit of all the spare time he had been able to snatch from nearly fifteen crowded years of business life – had gone up in smoke...
Having nothing but his nightshirt on when he escaped from the fire, he went down the street to provide himself with necessary clothing. As soon as this had been attended to, he bought a twenty-five cent notebook, and, while the ruins of the hotel were still smoking, began to rewrite from memory the manuscript of his dream book.[6]

Overwhelmed and heartbroken, Marden picked himself up and started all over again. With little money, but with lots of time on his hands, he decided to rewrite the manuscript. He took a train for Boston, boarded an inexpensive little room, and threw himself energetically into his work. In a short time, he finished writing not only his dream book - Pushing to the Front - but also a second book, Architects of Fate. He then made three manuscripts of Pushing to the Front and submitted them to three Boston publishing firms for approval. All three firms wanted to publish the book upon a first reading of the manuscript. Ultimately, it was published by Houghton, Mifflin & Company (Boston) and presented to the public on December 1, 1894.[7]

Pushing to the Front (1894) became the single greatest runaway classic in the history of personal development books at that time. American presidents William McKinley and Theodore Roosevelt, as well as England's Prime Minister William Gladstone, praised the book. People like Henry Ford, Thomas Edison, Harvey Firestone and J. P. Morgan cited it as inspiration. In summing up the scope and impact of Marden's first literary effort, Connolly states that "[t]wo hundred and fifty editions of Pushing to the Front have so far [in 1925] been published in this country alone. It is known and read in practically every country in the world."[8] Marden went on to write fifty or more books and booklets during his career. Each of his books has produced dozens of famous quotes, and he is considered the base and inspiration of dozens of modern authors of self-help and motivation.

Success Magazine (1897)

Founded in 1897, Marden's Success magazine eventually grew to a circulation of about half a million subscribers. The publication had its own building and printing plant in New York and was backed by a workforce of two hundred or more employees.[9] For his magazine, Marden wrote articles that focused on self-culture, personal development and principles of success. Other articles featured personal interviews of successful men and women.[10] Notable public figures included the late president Teddy Roosevelt, the poet Julia Ward Howe, inventors Thomas Alva Edison and Alexander Graham Bell, and leading industrialists such as John D. Rockefeller and Andrew Carnegie. Over fifty of these interviews were later compiled into book form. The magazine is still published today by Dallas-based SUCCESS Partners.[11]

Marden served as editor-in-chief in supervising the publication of the Consolidated Encyclopedic Library (1903, 1906, 1907), a collaborative work of nineteen volumes written for the benefit of the general public and young people in particular. He was also a regular contributor to Elizabeth Towne's New Thought magazine, Nautilus, during the first two decades of the twentieth century. During this time he served as the first president of the early New York City-based New Thought organization League for the Larger Life.

Timeline

Note: Information condensed from Margaret Connolly's The Life Story of Orison Swett Marden (1925) and Wende Marden Sinnaeve's Out of the Ashes - The Life Story of Orison Swett Marden (2004). Those marked with an asterisk are plausible approximates where no exact year was found. Events where no approximate year can be ascertained are marked (--).

Philosophy and Style

Philosophy

In addition to Samuel Smiles, Marden cited as influences on his thinking the works of Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr. and Ralph Waldo Emerson, both of whom were influential forerunners of what, by the 1890s, was called the New Thought Movement.

Like many proponents of the New Thought philosophy, Marden believed that our thoughts influence our lives and our life circumstances. He said, "We make the world we live in and shape our own environment."[16] Yet although he is best known for his books on financial success, he always emphasized that this would come as a result of cultivating one's personal development: "The golden opportunity you are seeking is in yourself. It is not in your environment; it is not in luck or chance, or the help of others; it is in yourself alone."[17]

Literary Style

Marden wrote in an energetic and readable style that used simple, yet lucid vocabulary. He favored the "bold headline" approach and presented his ideas with brevity, directness and clarity. It was perhaps owing to his business background that he could pack so much "punch" into a mere few words. He also carried a distinctive American tone and syntax that modern readers may easily relate to.

Among the many subjects to be found in his writings, perhaps his strongest were in business, salesmanship and the art of balanced living. Other interests include literature, history, philosophy, biography, fine art, education, psychology, and physical health. Like Samuel Smiles, he expounded upon many of the virtues that make up success, such as self-reliance, perseverance, and hard work. His writings breathe a spirit of "lofty austerity" and focus on themes of adversity and triumph, defeat and victory, failure and success.”[18]

Marden often kept his writings simple, concrete, and grounded in reality. Indeed, he advises young writers to "Live, Then Write" and to "Keep Close to Life."[19] Yet along with this simplicity, his writings also displayed a remarkable talent for rhetorical flight. Marden made frequent use of metaphors and similes in conveying ethical principles and moral lessons. Objects or scenes observable in nature such as rocks, marbles, streams, trees, snows, and tempests imparted a sublime, poetic depth to his writing:

The frost, the snows, the tempests, the lightnings, are the rough teachers that bring the tiny acorn to the sturdy oak...Obstacles, hardships are the chisel and mallet which shape the strong life into beauty.[20]

Lincoln's Resolution

Some of Marden's most popular books are charged with the adrenaline rush of excitement in its opening chapters. In these passages, the reader could feel the author's intensity of inspiration, if only vicariously.

Marden's book He Can Who Thinks He Can, for example, opens with a simple quote from Abraham Lincoln's diary. The quote gives us some insight into the mind of a great man and the invisible power that sustained him during a time of great crisis. One could not read Marden's profound analysis and remain unimpressed by Lincoln's faith and resolution:[21]

“I promised my God I would do it."
In September, 1862, when Lincoln issued his preliminary emancipation proclamation, the sublimest act of the nineteenth century, he made this entry in his diary: "I promised my God I would do it."
Does anyone doubt that such a mighty resolution added power to this marvelous man; or that it nerved him to accomplish what he had undertaken? Neither ridicule nor caricature, neither dread of enemies nor desertion of friends, could shake his indomitable faith in his ability to lead the nation through the greatest struggle in its history.

On Leadership

The opening paragraphs to Pushing to the Front are just as invigorating. In the first chapter, "Man and the Opportunity," Marden focuses on the crucial role leadership plays in shaping the course of history. Speed and energy are reflected in the rapid changes in scenery and the repetition of short, compact phrases. They also impart the adrenaline rush of adventure, daring, and ultimate triumph.[22]

Grant at New Orleans had just been seriously injured by a fall from his horse, when he received orders to take command at Chattanooga, so sorely beset by the Confederates that its surrender seemed only a question of a few days...Though in great pain, he immediately gave directions for his removal to the new scene of action...
Things assumed a different aspect immediately. A master had arrived who was equal to the situation. The army felt the grip of his power. Before he could mount his horse he ordered an advance, and although the enemy contested the ground inch by inch, the surrounding hills were soon held by Union soldiers.
Were these things the result of chance, or were they compelled by the indomitable determination of the injured General?
Did things adjust themselves when Horatius with two companions held ninety thousand Tuscans at bay until the bridge across the Tiber had been destroyed? - when Leonidas at Thermopylae checked the mighty march of Xerxes? - when Themistocles, off the coast of Greece, shattered the Persian's Armada? - when Caesar, finding his army hard pressed, seized spear and buckler, fought while he reorganized his men, and snatched victory from defeat? - when Winkelried gathered to his heart a sheaf of Austrian spears, thus opening a path through which his comrades pressed to freedom? - when for years Napoleon did not lose a single battle in which he was personally engaged? - when Wellington fought in many climes without ever being conquered? - when Ney, on a hundred fields, changed apparent disaster into brilliant triumph? - when Perry left the disabled Lawrence, rowed to the Niagara, and silenced the British guns? - when Sheridan arrived from Winchester just as the Union retreat was becoming a rout, and turned the tide by riding along the line? - when Sherman, though sorely pressed, signaled his men to hold the fort, and they, knowing that their leader was coming, held it?
History furnishes thousands of examples of men who have seized occasions to accomplish results deemed impossible by those less resolute. Prompt decision and whole souled action sweep the world before them.

“Wanted — A Man”

In the following passage, Marden's bold and concise wording coupled with the repetition of the phrase, Wanted, a man..., effectively conveys the masculine qualities of ability, confidence and strength:[23]

Over the door of every profession, every occupation, every calling, the world has a standing advertisement: “Wanted — A Man.”
Wanted, a man who will not lose his individuality in a crowd, a man who has the courage of his convictions, who is not afraid to say 'No,' though all the world say "Yes."
Wanted, a man who, though he is dominated by a mighty purpose, will not permit one great faculty to dwarf, cripple, warp, or mutilate his manhood; who will not allow the over-development of one faculty to stunt or paralyze his other faculties.
Wanted, a man who is larger than his calling, who considers it a low estimate of his occupation to value it merely as a means of getting a living.
Wanted, a man who sees self-development, education and culture, discipline and drill, character and manhood, in his occupation...
Wanted, a man of courage who is not a coward in any part of his nature.
Wanted, a man who is well balanced, who is not cursed with some little defect of weakness which cripples his usefulness and neutralizes his powers.
Wanted, a man who is symmetrical, and not one-sided in his development, who has not sent all the energies of his being into one narrow specialty and allowed all the other branches of his life to wither and die.
Wanted, a man who is broad, who does not take half views of things; a man who mixes common sense with his theories, who does not let a college education spoil him for practical, every-day life; a man who prefers substance to show, and one who regards his good name as a priceless treasure.
Wanted, a man, who, no stunted ascetic, is full of life and fire, but whose passions are trained to heed a strong will, the servant of a tender conscience; who has learned to love all beauty, whether of nature or of art, to hate all vileness, and to respect others as himself.
The world wants a man who is educated all over; whose nerves are brought to their acutest sensibility; whose brain is cultured, keen, incisive, broad; whose hands are deft; whose eyes are alert, sensitive, microscopic; whose heart is tender, magnanimous, true.
The whole world is looking for such a man. Although there are millions out of employment, yet it is almost impossible to find just the right man in almost any department of life, and yet everywhere we see the advertisement: “Wanted — A Man.”

~ Quotable Quotes ~

Over the door of every profession, every occupation, every calling, the world has a standing advertisement: “Wanted — A Man.”
There are two essential requirements for success. The first is “go-at-it-iveness” and the second is “stick-to-it-iveness.”
The world makes way for the determined man. Everybody believes in the man who persists, sticks, hangs on, when others let go. Tenacity of purpose gives confidence.

eBooks and Audiobooks

Most of Marden's books are now in Public Domain & available in eBook format for free but few are rare to find and unavailable online like "The Conquest Of Worry (1924)","The Exceptional Employee (1913)" & "You Can, But Will You ? (1920)" . A fairly extensive list can be found on Amazon Kindle's Timeless Wisdom Collection. Many of these eBooks seem to have been conscientiously proofread for correct spelling and provide navigable chapter links. Some of them are also available in other languages, such as German (see Amazon Kindle's Erfolgsklassiker - i.e., Success Classics).

While original hardcopies of Marden's works are generally more expensive compared to their eBook counterparts, the increased use of digital image scanner devices[24] and Optical Character Recognition software make it easier than ever to share Marden's books to others for free.

Under US Copyright law, a book may enter public domain seventy years after the author has died.

Bibliography

  1. Connolly, Margaret.[25] The Life Story of Orison Swett Marden: A Man Who Benefited Men (1925).
  2. Marden, Orison Swett.[26] Papers (circa 1898-1924). Marden's unpublished manuscripts, etc.
  3. Sinnaeve, Wende Marden.[27] Out of the Ashes: The Life Story of Orison Swett Marden (2004).
Inspirational books
Books on health
Biographical anecdotes for children
Interviews of successful men and women
Business and efficiency-type books
Books on love, family and home life
Books on general education
Booklets
Articles

All eleven articles listed are grouped into one Kindle eBook file from Amazon.com under the heading, "After Failure, What?" Many of these articles were probably extracted from or reprinted as separate chapters in Marden's books by the Success publishing company.

References

  1. ↑ Margaret Connolly, Marden's biographer, mentions fifty or more books and booklets. Wherever possible, duplicate or revised works, republished booklets or reprinted book chapters are footnoted in the bibliography section of this Wiki article.
  2. ↑ Connolly, Margaret. The Life Story of Orison Swett Marden - A Man Who Benefited Men (1925). See "External Links" below for biography and rare photographs. Chapters one through twelve relate details of Marden's early youth. Connolly was a contemporary of Marden who served in his publishing firm in the early 1900s. Her biography provides much valuable information on Marden's life and may be considered an important primary source on the subject.
  3. ↑ Self-Help was originally published in 1859
  4. ↑ Connolly, The Life Story. "A Book That Marked a Turning Point" (Chapter 9).
  5. ↑ Connolly, The Life Story. See "Boston Days - Working Through Two Universities" (Chapter 13), and "Lucky Marden" (Chapter 14) for dates and other details.
  6. ↑ Connolly, The Life Story. "Making and Losing a Fortune" (Chapter 15).
  7. ↑ Most of the information in this paragraph is taken from The Life Story, by Margaret Connolly, "Pushing to the Front" (Chapter 17).
  8. ↑ Connolly, The Life Story. "Pushing to the Front" (Chapter 17).
  9. ↑ Connolly, The Life Story. "The Rise and Fall of Success" (Chapter 19).
  10. ↑ These were conducted by Marden, though at least one interview (i.e., with Marshal Field) was probably carried out by a representative. See Marden's editorial sidenote in Everybody Ahead (1916), "Can You Finance Yourself?" (Chapter 8).
  11. ↑ "SUCCESS magazine About Us". SUCCESS.com. Retrieved 3 October 2015.
  12. ↑ It is not quite clear whether this was Marden's fifth and final home to which he was "bound out." His stay with the farmer may have been a mere temporary arrangement arranged by Marden himself, without the involvement of his guardian Herold Fifield. It is also possible that his fifth home was with General Luther McCutchins, for whom Marden worked for later on.
  13. ↑ Marden attended the junior class and studied at the seminary for one year. He had done so initially on encouragement from his grandmother and relatives who wanted him to become a clergyman. Marden later decided that this was the last thing he wanted to do. (See Marden's biographical side note from his book How to Choose Your Career (1922), Chapter 7, "Following in Father's Footsteps.")
  14. ↑ Graduated with honors from Boston University School of Oratory, Emerson College. The acronym B.O., which may have stood for Bachelor of Oratory, is probably now outdated as Connolly's book was published in 1925.
  15. ↑ Connolly records the following concerning the memorial ceremony which took place March 13, 1924 to honor Dr. Marden: [I]n Unity Church, New York, the members and officers of the Success organization, with representative men and women from every section of the country, gathered to pay their last tribute to the man they had known and loved in life. See Connolly, The Life Story. "Outward Bound," (Chapter 22).
  16. ↑ "We make the world we live in and shape our own environment. - Orison Swett Marden at BrainyQuote". BrainyQuote. Retrieved 27 September 2014.
  17. ↑ "The golden opportunity you are seeking is in yourself. It is not in your environment; it... - Orison Swett Marden at BrainyQuote". BrainyQuote. Retrieved 27 September 2014.
  18. ↑ Connolly, The Life Story. "A Son of Granite Hills" (Chapter 1). Connolly uses the words "lofty austerity" in describing Marden's earliest ideals.
  19. ↑ Marden, Orison. Hints to Young Writers, 1914. See "Live, Then Write" (Chapter 2) and "Keep Close to Life" (Chapter 9).
  20. ↑ Marden, Orison. Architects of Fate, 1896. "Uses of Obstacles" (Chapter 5).
  21. ↑ Marden, Orison. He Can Who Thinks He Can, 1908. "He Can Who Thinks He Can" (Chapter 1).
  22. ↑ Marden, Orison. Pushing to the Front, revised edition, 1911. "The Man and the Opportunity" (Chapter 1).
  23. ↑ Marden, Orison. Pushing to the Front. “Wanted — A Man” (Chapter 2). Revised Edition, 1911.
  24. ↑ High-efficiency scanners (such as ScanSnap by Fujitsu) allow users to convert books to editable text files with comparative ease. These devices can auto-feed multiple pages, scan double-sided, and export data directly to an editable Word file. Proofreading is still necessary after conversion to correct minor spelling errors.
  25. ↑ Connolly was a contemporary of Marden who served in his publishing firm in the early 1900s. Her biography provides much valuable information on Marden's life and may be considered an important primary source on the subject.
  26. ↑ Papers include unpublished manuscripts, biographical material, scrapbooks of clippings and books. Archival material available from Brown University Library in Providence, Rhode Island. Near the end of his life, Marden mentioned to Connolly that "he had about two million words of manuscript awaiting publication." (See Connolly, The Life Story. "The Message of His Writing," Chapter 23). Most likely, an abundant amount of material about Marden lies extant, only awaiting to be rediscovered, examined, and published. If so, Marden's life presents fertile ground for authors and biographers. Additional source material could probably be accessed upon request from families or foundations who were in some way associated with Marden. Now that almost a century has passed since his death, a fresh reappraisal of his achievements would be an interesting direction for future study.
  27. ↑ A more recent biography by Marden's great-granddaughter. Both Sinnaeve and Connolly seem to have drawn from the same source material in Marden's first-person accounts. Sinnaeve's biography, however, is presented completely in Marden's voice. As Marden's notes for an autobiography may have presented gaps requiring further explanation or context, Sinnaeve may have written in the first-person to keep the narrative voice consistent. If anything was added to Marden’s original account, it is assumed that Sinnaeve has closely adhered to his probable thoughts and viewpoint. Indeed, the biography seems to have a more concise and personal tone when presented solely from Marden's perspective. On the other hand, it is also possible that Marden's original material remains unaltered and had merely been arranged in logical sequence. Perhaps a future edition would include some comments on how the book was written.
  28. ↑ Reprinted and possibly revised in 1922 under the title Heading for Victory (or, Getting the Most Out of Life) as the chapter titles between both books are identical.
  29. ↑ A collaborative work of nineteen volumes containing illustrations and lessons on a wide array of educational subjects with Marden as editor-in-chief. Articles were written for the benefit of the general public and young people in particular. Subjects include the Arts, Sciences, Literature, History, Biography, Geography, Commerce, Finance and Statistics. A few volumes are available in eBook format from Google Play. These books may have also been published as The Success Library (1901-1902) in ten volumes or the Home Lovers' Library (1906) in fifteen volumes.
  30. ↑ http://www.amazon.com/Friendship-Orison-Swett-Marden/dp/1596051523
  31. ↑ Worldcat.org spells first word as "Fact," which is possibly a typographical error. Material from booklet probably included as a separate chapter in the 1911 edition of Pushing to the Front (Chapter 20, "Tact or Common Sense").
  32. ↑ Possibly a reprint of an earlier work or book chapter. This seventy-seven page booklet was published in Tokyo, Japan (see Worldcat.org).
  33. ↑ Material from booklet probably included as a separate chapter in the 1911 edition of Pushing to the Front (Chapter 48, "The Cigarette").
  34. ↑ Material from booklet was included as a separate chapter in the 1911 edition of Pushing to the Front (Chapter 22, "Do It to a Finish").
  35. ↑ Material from this booklet was included as a separate chapter in the 1911 edition of Pushing to the Front (Chapter 42, "The Salary You Do Not Find in Your Pay Envelope").
  36. ↑ Possibly a revision or unaltered re-issue of an earlier booklet, Character: The Grandest Thing in the World (1899).
  37. ↑ Possibly a revision or unaltered re-issue of an earlier booklet, Friendship (1897). The material from this booklet was also included in Marden's book Self-Investment (Chapter 7, "I Had a Friend").
  38. ↑ How to Secure Health, Wealth, and Happiness was recorded by the Library of Congress under Catalog of Copyright Entries (Part 1. [A] Group 1. Books. New Series). Available hardcopies of the booklet seem non-existent online at the time of this writing (January, 2014).
  39. ↑ Material from this article was probably included as a separate chapter in Marden's Success Fundamentals (Part 3, Chapter 5, "The Man You Long to Be") or in Masterful Personality (Chapter 3, "The Man You Could Be").
  40. ↑ Possibly a revision or unaltered reprint of "Thrift" (Chapter 61) from Pushing to the Front (1911 Edition).
  41. ↑ The Law of Financial Independence was recorded by the Library of Congress under the Catalog of Copyright Entries (Part 1, Volume 16). Available hardcopies of the booklet (thirty-two pages) seem non-existent online at the time of this writing (January, 2014).

External links

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