Orthonitrate
| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name
Orthonitrate | |
| Identifiers | |
| 54991-46-7 | |
| Jmol interactive 3D | Image |
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| Properties | |
| NO3− 4 | |
| Molar mass | 78.006 |
| Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
| Infobox references | |
Orthonitrate is a tetrahedral oxoanion of nitrogen with the formula NO3−
4. It was first identified in 1977[1] and is currently known in only two compounds, sodium orthonitrate (Na3NO4) and potassium orthonitrate (K3NO4). These can be prepared by fusion of the nitrate and metal oxide under high temperatures[2] and ideally high pressures (several GPa).[3]
- NaNO3 + Na2O → Na3NO4 (300 °C for 3 days)[4]
The resulting orthonitrates are white solids which are extremely moisture and CO2 sensitive, decomposing within minutes to carbonate and hydroxide upon exposure to air.[1]
- Na3NO4 + CO2 → NaNO3 + Na2CO3
- Na3NO4 + H2O → NaNO3 + 2NaOH
The orthonitrate ion is tetrahedral with N–O bond lengths of 139 pm, which is unexpectedly short, indicating that polar interactions are shortening the bond as dπ orbitals are too high in energy to be involved.[4]
Other nitrogen oxoanions
References
- 1 2 Jansen, Martin (August 1977). "Detection of an Orthonitrate by Vibrational Spectroscopy: Na3NO4". Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 16 (8): 534–535. doi:10.1002/anie.197705341.
- ↑ Jansen, Martin (1979-08-31). "Crystal Structure of Na3NO4". Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 18 (9): 698–699. doi:10.1002/anie.197906982.
- ↑ Quesada Cabrera, R.; Sella, A.; Bailey, E.; Leynaud, O.; McMillan, P.F. (April 2011). "High-pressure synthesis and structural behavior of sodium orthonitrate Na3NO4". Journal of Solid State Chemistry 184 (4): 915–920. doi:10.1016/j.jssc.2011.02.013.
- 1 2 Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 0-08-037941-9.
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