PADI4

Peptidyl arginine deiminase, type IV

PDB rendering based on 1wd8.
Available structures
PDB Ortholog search: PDBe, RCSB
Identifiers
Symbols PADI4 ; PAD; PAD4; PADI5; PDI4; PDI5
External IDs OMIM: 605347 MGI: 1338898 HomoloGene: 7883 ChEMBL: 6111 GeneCards: PADI4 Gene
EC number 3.5.3.15
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species Human Mouse
Entrez 23569 18602
Ensembl ENSG00000159339 ENSMUSG00000025330
UniProt Q9UM07 Q9Z183
RefSeq (mRNA) NM_012387 NM_011061
RefSeq (protein) NP_036519 NP_035191
Location (UCSC) Chr 1:
17.31 – 17.36 Mb
Chr 4:
140.75 – 140.77 Mb
PubMed search

Peptidyl arginine deiminase, type IV, also known as PADI4, is a human protein which in humans is encoded by the PADI4 gene.[1][2]

Molecular biology

The human gene is found on the short arm of Chromosome 1 near the telomere (1p36.13). It is located on the Watson (plus) strand and is 55,806 bases long. The protein is 663 amino acids long with a molecular weight of 74,095 Da.[1]

Function

This gene is a member of a gene family which encodes enzymes responsible for the conversion of arginine to citrulline residues. This gene may play a role in granulocyte and macrophage development leading to inflammation and immune response.[2] PADI4 plays a role in the epigenetics, the deimination of arginines on histones 3 and 4 can act antagonistically to arginine methylation (Chromatin modifications and their function, Kouzarides 2007, Cell, review)

The protein may be found in oligomers and binds 5 calcium ions per subunit. It catalyses the reaction:

Subcellular and tissue distribution

It is normally found in the cytoplasm, nucleus and in cytoplasmic granules of eosinophils and neutrophils. It is not expressed in peripheral monocytes or lymphocytes. It is also expressed in rheumatoid arthritis synovial tissues.

References

Further reading

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