PHC2

Polyhomeotic homolog 2 (Drosophila)
Identifiers
Symbols	PHC2 ; EDR2; HPH2; PH2
External IDs	OMIM: 602979 MGI: 1860454 HomoloGene: 75090 GeneCards: PHC2 Gene
Gene ontology Molecular function • DNA binding • protein binding • zinc ion binding • identical protein binding Cellular component • heterochromatin • nucleus • nucleoplasm • PcG protein complex • PRC1 complex Biological process • multicellular organismal development • spermatogenesis • protein sumoylation • post-translational protein modification • cellular protein metabolic process Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	1912	54383
Ensembl	ENSG00000134686	ENSMUSG00000028796
UniProt	Q8IXK0	Q9QWH1
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_004427	NM_001195083
RefSeq (protein)	NP_004418	NP_001182012
Location (UCSC)	Chr 1: 33.32 – 33.43 Mb	Chr 4: 128.65 – 128.75 Mb
PubMed search

Polyhomeotic-like protein 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PHC2 gene.^[1][2][3]

Function

In Drosophila melanogaster, the 'Polycomb' group (PcG) of genes are part of a cellular memory system that is responsible for the stable inheritance of gene activity. PcG proteins form a large multimeric, chromatin-associated protein complex. The protein encoded by this gene has homology to the Drosophila PcG protein 'polyhomeotic' (Ph) and is known to heterodimerize with EDR1 and colocalize with BMI1 in interphase nuclei of human cells. The specific function in human cells has not yet been determined. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.^[3]

Interactions

PHC2 has been shown to interact with MAPKAPK2,^[4] PHC1,^[1][5] BMI1^[1] and MCRS1.^[5]

References

1. Gunster MJ, Satijn DP, Hamer KM, den Blaauwen JL, de Bruijn D, Alkema MJ, van Lohuizen M, van Driel R, Otte AP (Apr 1997). "Identification and characterization of interactions between the vertebrate polycomb-group protein BMI1 and human homologs of polyhomeotic". Molecular and Cellular Biology 17 (4): 2326–35. doi:10.1128/mcb.17.4.2326. PMC 232081. PMID 9121482.
2. Tonkin E, Hagan DM, Li W, Strachan T (Oct 2002). "Identification and characterisation of novel mammalian homologues of Drosophila polyhomeoticpermits new insights into relationships between members of the polyhomeotic family". Human Genetics 111 (4-5): 435–42. doi:10.1007/s00439-002-0814-3. PMID 12384788.
3. "Entrez Gene: PHC2 polyhomeotic homolog 2 (Drosophila)".
4. Yannoni YM, Gaestel M, Lin LL (Apr 2004). "P66(ShcA) interacts with MAPKAP kinase 2 and regulates its activity". FEBS Letters 564 (1-2): 205–11. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(04)00351-5. PMID 15094067.
5. Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, Hirozane-Kishikawa T, Dricot A, Li N, Berriz GF, Gibbons FD, Dreze M, Ayivi-Guedehoussou N, Klitgord N, Simon C, Boxem M, Milstein S, Rosenberg J, Goldberg DS, Zhang LV, Wong SL, Franklin G, Li S, Albala JS, Lim J, Fraughton C, Llamosas E, Cevik S, Bex C, Lamesch P, Sikorski RS, Vandenhaute J, Zoghbi HY, Smolyar A, Bosak S, Sequerra R, Doucette-Stamm L, Cusick ME, Hill DE, Roth FP, Vidal M (Oct 2005). "Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network". Nature 437 (7062): 1173–8. doi:10.1038/nature04209. PMID 16189514.

Further reading

• Satijn DP, Gunster MJ, van der Vlag J, Hamer KM, Schul W, Alkema MJ, Saurin AJ, Freemont PS, van Driel R, Otte AP (Jul 1997). "RING1 is associated with the polycomb group protein complex and acts as a transcriptional repressor". Molecular and Cellular Biology 17 (7): 4105–13. doi:10.1128/mcb.17.7.4105. PMC 232264. PMID 9199346.
• Gunther M, Laithier M, Brison O (Jul 2000). "A set of proteins interacting with transcription factor Sp1 identified in a two-hybrid screening". Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry 210 (1-2): 131–42. doi:10.1023/A:1007177623283. PMID 10976766.
• Levine SS, Weiss A, Erdjument-Bromage H, Shao Z, Tempst P, Kingston RE (Sep 2002). "The core of the polycomb repressive complex is compositionally and functionally conserved in flies and humans". Molecular and Cellular Biology 22 (17): 6070–8. doi:10.1128/MCB.22.17.6070-6078.2002. PMC 134016. PMID 12167701.
• Yannoni YM, Gaestel M, Lin LL (Apr 2004). "P66(ShcA) interacts with MAPKAP kinase 2 and regulates its activity". FEBS Letters 564 (1-2): 205–11. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(04)00351-5. PMID 15094067.
• Beausoleil SA, Jedrychowski M, Schwartz D, Elias JE, Villén J, Li J, Cohn MA, Cantley LC, Gygi SP (Aug 2004). "Large-scale characterization of HeLa cell nuclear phosphoproteins". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 101 (33): 12130–5. doi:10.1073/pnas.0404720101. PMC 514446. PMID 15302935.
• Wang H, Wang L, Erdjument-Bromage H, Vidal M, Tempst P, Jones RS, Zhang Y (Oct 2004). "Role of histone H2A ubiquitination in Polycomb silencing". Nature 431 (7010): 873–8. doi:10.1038/nature02985. PMID 15386022.
• Voncken JW, Niessen H, Neufeld B, Rennefahrt U, Dahlmans V, Kubben N, Holzer B, Ludwig S, Rapp UR (Feb 2005). "MAPKAP kinase 3pK phosphorylates and regulates chromatin association of the polycomb group protein Bmi1". The Journal of Biological Chemistry 280 (7): 5178–87. doi:10.1074/jbc.M407155200. PMID 15563468.
• Stelzl U, Worm U, Lalowski M, Haenig C, Brembeck FH, Goehler H, Stroedicke M, Zenkner M, Schoenherr A, Koeppen S, Timm J, Mintzlaff S, Abraham C, Bock N, Kietzmann S, Goedde A, Toksöz E, Droege A, Krobitsch S, Korn B, Birchmeier W, Lehrach H, Wanker EE (Sep 2005). "A human protein-protein interaction network: a resource for annotating the proteome". Cell 122 (6): 957–68. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2005.08.029. PMID 16169070.