Paama

Paama Voum
Island
Paama, neighbouring islands and main centres
Paama Location in Vanuatu
Coordinates: 16°25′55″S 168°14′08″E / 16.43194°S 168.23556°ECoordinates: 16°25′55″S 168°14′08″E / 16.43194°S 168.23556°E
Country	Vanuatu
Province	Malampa Province
Population (2009)
• Total	1,627
Time zone	VUT (UTC+11)

Paama (Paama language: Voum^[1]) is a small island in the Malampa Province, Vanuatu.

The island is about 8 km from north to south and only 5 km or so at its widest point. The island is dominated by hills, rising to a height of around 550 m in the north.

Paama lies a short distance south of Ambrym, a little further east of Malakula, about 7 km west of the large active volcano Lopevi (Ulvae, in the vernacular (see Crowley 1982), and a short distance north of the island of Epi. During daylight, all of Paama's neighbouring islands are clearly visible from various locations on the island. Indeed, on a clear night the red glow of Ambrym's twin volcanos can be seen clearly from the black sand beach at Liro. The now uninhabited island of Lopevi dominates the view east from the village of Lulep, on the northeast coast of the island. This active volcano is reasonably regular, erupting every two years or so, causing quite serious problems for those living in the villages of Lulep and Luli in the northeast of the island. The acidic volcanic ash falls onto gardens, ruining crops, and onto the natangura (sago palm) thatched roofs, rotting it.

Population

Today the majority of people living on Paama live in villages close to the coast of the island and make their gardens on the hillsides nearby. Agricultural produce is by and large for subsistence although some is exported for sale in Port Vila (Vanuatu's capital on Éfaté) and Luganville (on Espiritu Santo).

Liro, the island's council and administrative centre is the most heavily populated village on the island. The council building, standing a hundred or so metres up from the shore is said to have been the house of the Rev. Maurice Frater, the Presbyterian missionary resident on the island in the early 1900s.^[2][3] Frater arrived on the island in 1900, when outsiders were treated with great hostility, and stayed for 39 years, building 21 churches and converting the majority of the population to Christianity.^[4]

Today the island's population rests at around 1,600,^[5] with the vast majority dwelling on the west coast of the island. However, the number of people claiming to be Paamese is much greater than this. Around 7,000 people living throughout Vanuatu claimed to be Paamese in the 1999 census. Indeed, Paama has the highest outmigration rate of any of Vanuatu's 83 or so islands ^[6]

Language

The inhabitants speak the Paama language, termed Paamese by the linguist Terry Crowley, though the residents have no term for the language themselves. It is an East Vanuatu language, a close cognate of the Southeast Ambrym language. However, they are not so close that all speakers of one understand speakers of the other.^[7] In addition to speaking Paamese, the majority of Paamese people also speak Bislama, one of the three national languages of Vanuatu.^[8]

Transportation

In the northern part of the island there is the grass strip of Paama Airport, based at the village of Tavie. Landing and taking off from this airport is not for the faint-hearted – it is one of the shortest airstrips in the whole of Vanuatu.

References

1. Crowley, Terry. 1982. The Paamese Language of Vanuatu. Pacific Linguistics, Series B – No. 87. Canberra: ANU Printing Services.
2. Frater, Maurice. 1928 [1922]. Midst Volcanic Fires. James Clarke & CO., Limited.
3. Miller, J. Graham. 1989. Live: Book Six: The Northern Islands. Port Vila, Vanuatu: Presbyterian Church of Vanuatu.
4. As his grandson Alexander Frater reports. Frater, A.R. 2004. Tales from the Torrid Zone. Vintage Books/Picador.
5. 2009 Census Summary release final - Government of Vanuatu
6. Haberkorn, Gerald. 1989. Port Vila: Transit Station or Final Stop? Recent Developments in Ni-Vanuatu Population Mobility, Pacific Research Monograph No. 21. Canberra: Australian National University Press. Haberkorn, Gerald. 1992. ‘Temporary versus Permanent Population Mobility in Melanesia: A Case Study from Vanuatu’. International Migration Review, Vol. 26, No. 3. (Autumn, 1992).
7. Crowley, Terry. 1982. The Paamese Language of Vanuatu. Pacific Linguistics, Series B – No. 87. Canberra: ANU Printing Services.
8. Crowley, Terry. 1990. Beach-la-Mar to Bislama: The Emergence of a National Language in Vanuatu. Clarendon Press: Oxford.