Padishah Khatun
| Safwat al-Din Khatun | |
|---|---|
| Died | Template:Death year |
| Nationality | Persia |
| Other names | Padishah Khatun |
| Occupation | sovereign |
| Known for | poet, murdered her step-brother and rival |
Safwat al-Din Khatun, otherwise known as Padishah Khatun, was a member of the Mongol nobility during the Kutlugh-Khanid dynasty when Mongols ruled in Persia.[1][2][3][4] She was born in the Persian province of Kirman. She was a known as a great beauty, and as a poet, who married twice. Her first husband was Abaka Khan, who died shortly after he inherited rule of Persia, in 1282. Her second husband was one of Abaka Khan`s sons, Gaykhatu. When Gaykhatu, in turn, inherited rule of Persia, in 1291, he made Padishah the ruler of Kirman the province of her birth.
Padishah`s half-brother Suyurghatamish had ruled Kirman after Padishah`s mother; she had him imprisoned after she took power, and when he tried to escape she had him murdered.[2][3][4]
When her husband, Gaykhatu, died in 1295, Padishah was killed by factions allied with her half-brother.[2][3][4]
Padishah earned mention in the travel diary of Venetian traveler, Marco Polo, a contemporary of Padishah.[5] He described her as βan ambitious and clever woman, who put her own brother Siyurgutmish to death as a rival.β
References
- β "Women and Islam". The Oxford Dictionary of Islam. Retrieved 2012-06-23.
No woman held religious titles in Islam, but many women held political power, some jointly with their husbands, others independently. The best-known women rulers in the premodern era include ... six Mongol queens, including Kutlugh Khatun (thirteenth century) and her daughter Padishah Khatun of the Kutlugh-Khanid dynasty;
- 1 2 3 Guida Myrl Jackson-Laufer (1999). Women Rulers Throughout the Ages: An Illustrated Guide. ABC-CLIO. p. 319. ISBN 9781576070918. Retrieved 2012-06-23.
- 1 2 3 Ann K. S. Lambton (1988). Continuity and Change in Medieval Persia: Aspects of Administrative, Economic, and Social History, 11th-14th Century. SUNY Press. ISBN 9780887061332. Retrieved 2012-06-23.
- 1 2 3 "Padishah Khatun (Safwat al-Din Khatun): 13th Century". Women in World History. Retrieved 2012-06-23.
- β Marco Polo. The Travels of Marco Polo. Henry Yule (trans.). ISBN 9781607788652. Retrieved 2012-06-23.
The Mongols allowed this family to retain the immediate authority, and at the time when Polo returned from China the representative of the house was a lady known as the Padishah Khatun [who reigned from 1291], the wife successively of the ilkhans Abaka and Kaikhatu, an ambitious and clever woman, who put her own brother Siyurgutmish to death as a rival, and was herself, after the decease of Kaikhatu, put to death by her brother's widow and daughter.