Preparatory Committee for Indonesian Independence

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The Preparatory Committee for Indonesian Independence (Indonesian: Panitia Persiapan Kemerdekaan Indonesia (PPKI)) was a body established on 7 August 1945 to prepare for the transfer of authority from the occupying Japanese to Indonesia. Permission for the formation of the committee came from Lt. General Hisaichi Terauchi, commander of the Japanese Southern Area who was based in Saigon.^[1]

Membership

Most of the 21 committee members belonged to the older generation. Its appointed members included representatives from Java and the outer islands in approximate relation to population. The membership comprised:^[1]

Sukarno (chairman)
Mohammad Hatta (vice-chairman)
K.R.T. Rajiman Wediodiningrat (Java)
R. Oto Iskandar di Nata (Java)
Abdul Wahid Hasyim (Java)
Bagus Hadikusuma (Java)
B.K.P.A. Soerjohamidjojo (Java)
B.P.H. Poerbojo (Java)
Mas Sutardjo Kertohadikusumo (Java)
R.P. Suroso (Java)
R. Soepomo (Java)
R. Abdul Kadir (Java)
Mohammad Amir (Sumatra)
Teuku Muhammad Hasan (Sumatra)
Abdoel Abas (Sumatra)
Sam Ratulangi (Celebes)
Andi Pangeran (Celebes)
A.A. Hamidhan (Borneo)
I Gusti Ketut Pudja (Lesser Sunda Islands)
Johannes Latuharyhary (the Moluccas)
Yap Tjuan Bing (Chinese community)

Added later

There were 6 (six) additional committee members added without the approval of Japan authority in Indonesia:

Achmad Soebardjo (advisor)
Sayuti Melik (Java)
Ki Hajar Dewantara (Java)
R.A.A. Wiranatakoesoema (Sunda/Java)
Kasman Singodimedjo (Java)
Iwa Koesoemasoemantri (Sunda/Java)

Indonesian independence

On 9 August, the day of the atomic bombing of Nagasaki, the Japanese authorities, who were occupying Indonesia, flew future leaders Sukarno and Hatta to Dalat for a meeting with General Hisaichi Terauchi, the commander of the Southern Area. He promised Indonesian independence would be granted on 24 August, and appointed Sukarno chairman of the PPKI. The first meeting was planned for 18 August, the second 19 August. The men flew back to Indonesia, arriving on 14 August.^[1]^[2]

The Indonesian underground rejected any independence gifted by the Japanese, preferring to win it through force of arms. However, two days after the Japanese surrender, Sukarno declared independence on 17 August 1945.^[1]^[2]

References

Kahin, George McTurnan (1952) Nationalism and Revolution in Indonesia Cornell University Press, ISBN 0-8014-9108-8
Ricklefs (1982), A History of Modern Indonesia, Macmillan Southeast Asian reprint, ISBN 0-333-24380-3

Notes

1 2 3 4 Kahin (1952) pp 127
1 2 Ricklefs (1982) pp 197-198

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