List of parishes in Louisiana

Parishes of Louisiana
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Category	Second-level administrative division
Location	State of Louisiana
Number	64 Parishes
Populations	5,066 (Tensas) – 440,171 (East Baton Rouge Parish)
Areas	203 square miles (530 km^2) (West Baton Rouge Parish) – 2,429 square miles (6,290 km^2) (Plaquemines Parish)
Government	Parish government
Subdivisions	Cities, Towns, Census designated place, Unincorporated area

The U.S. state of Louisiana is divided into 64 parishes (French: paroisses) in the same way that 48 other states of the United States are divided into counties. Alaska, the other exception, is divided into boroughs and census areas instead.

Forty-one parishes are governed by a council called the Police Jury. The other 23 have various other forms of government, including: president-council, council-manager, parish commission, and consolidated parish/city.

History

Louisiana was formed from French and Spanish colonies, which were both officially Roman Catholic. Local colonial government was based upon parishes, as the local ecclesiastical division (French: paroisse; Spanish: parroquia).

Following the Louisiana Purchase in 1803, the territorial legislative council divided the Territory of Orleans (the predecessor of Louisiana state) into 12 counties. The borders of these counties were poorly defined, but they roughly coincided with the colonial parishes, and hence used the same names.^[1]

On March 31, 1807, the territorial legislature created 19 parishes without abolishing the old counties (which term continued to exist until 1845).^[2] In 1811, a constitutional convention was held to prepare for Louisiana's admission into the Union.^[3] This organized the state into seven judicial districts, each consisting of groups of parishes. In 1816, the first official map of the state used the term "parish," as did the 1845 constitution. Since then, the official term for Louisiana's primary civil divisions has been parishes.

The 19 original parishes were joined by Catahoula Parish in 1808, and four additional parishes were created by the new West Florida territory.

By April 1812, Attakapas Parish became St. Martin Parish and St. Mary Parish. On April 30, the state was admitted to the Union with 25 parishes.

By 1820, Washington Parish was added, and Feliciana Parish split into West and East in 1824. The next year, Jefferson Parish was carved from Orleans Parish. By 1830, Claiborne Parish was created, and the old Warren Parish was mostly absorbed into Ouachita Parish, only to return as Carroll Parish a few years later.

In 1838, Caddo Parish was created from Natchitoches, as were Madison and Caldwell parishes in the east. In 1839, Union Parish was formed from Ouachita, and Calcasieu was formed from St. Landry in 1840.

Five parishes were created in 1843: Bossier, DeSoto, Franklin, Sabine, and Tensas. Morehouse Parish and Vermilion Parish were formed from Ouachita and Lafayette parishes, respectively, in 1844. The next year, Jackson Parish was formed, the old county units were abandoned, and the units were officially referred to as "parishes". In 1848, Bienville Parish was formed from Claiborne Parish. In 1852, Winn parish was formed, while parishes further south added and lost land.

In 1853, Lafourche Interior Parish was renamed to Lafourche Parish. During Reconstruction, state government created a number of new parishes, with the first being Iberia and Richland parishes. Plans for creating a parish like Iberia from St. Martin and St. Mary parishes had dated from the 1840s. Tangipahoa and Grant parishes followed in 1869. In 1870, the fifth Reconstruction parish, Cameron, was created, which was followed by the sixth, seventh, and eighth parishes (Red River, Vernon, and Webster, respectively) in 1871. The ninth parish to be formed under Radical Republican rule was Lincoln, named after the late president and formed in 1873. In 1877, the old parish of Carroll divided into East and West Carroll parishes, which are unofficially called the tenth and eleventh Reconstruction parishes, as the project ended that year.

No new parishes were formed until 1886, when Acadia Parish was formed from St. Landry. Again, no new parishes were formed, this time until 1908, when the western half of Catahoula parish became LaSalle parish.

In 1910, the parish count rose to 61 with the creation of Evangeline Parish, and the 62nd, 63rd, and 64th parishes (Allen, Beauregard, and Jefferson Davis) were created from areas of Calcasieu Parish. There were several minor boundary changes afterward, the most substantial being the division of Lake Pontchartrain among Tangipahoa, St. Tammany, Orleans, Jefferson, St. John the Baptist, and St. Charles Parishes in 1979.

Listing

Parish	FIPS County Code [4]	Parish seat [5]	Established [5]	Origin	Etymology [6]	Population [5]	Area [5]	Map
Acadia Parish	001	Crowley	1886	from part of St. Landry Parish.	Named for the Acadians who settled the area.	61,773	658 sq mi (1,704 km^2)
Allen Parish	003	Oberlin	1912	from part of Calcasieu Parish.	Henry Watkins Allen, the Confederate governor of Louisiana	25,764	766 sq mi (1,984 km^2)
Ascension Parish	005	Donaldsonville	1807	One of the original 19 parishes.	Named for the Ascension of Our Lord Catholic Church in Donaldsonville, Louisiana, which was named after the Ascension of Jesus into Heaven	107,215	303 sq mi (785 km^2)
Assumption Parish	007	Napoleonville	1807	One of the original 19 parishes.	Named for the Assumption Roman Catholic Church, the oldest in the state, which was named after the Assumption of the Virgin Mary	23,421	364 sq mi (943 km^2)
Avoyelles Parish	009	Marksville	1807	One of the original 19 parishes.	The Avoyel Native American people	42,073	866 sq mi (2,243 km^2)
Beauregard Parish	011	DeRidder	1912	from part of Calcasieu Parish.	Confederate general P. G. T. Beauregard	35,654	1,166 sq mi (3,020 km^2)
Bienville Parish	013	Arcadia	1848	from part of Claiborne Parish.	Named after the founder of the city of New Orleans, Jean-Baptiste Le Moyne de Bienville	14,353	822 sq mi (2,129 km^2)
Bossier Parish	015	Benton	1843	from part Claiborne Parish.	U.S. Representative Pierre Bossier	116,979	867 sq mi (2,246 km^2)
Caddo Parish	017	Shreveport	1838	from part of Natchitoches Parish.	Named for the Caddo Native American people	254,969	937 sq mi (2,427 km^2)
Calcasieu Parish	019	Lake Charles	1840	from part of St. Landry Parish.	Calcasieu, meaning crying eagle, is said to be the name of an Atakapa Native American leader	192,768	1,094 sq mi (2,833 km^2)
Caldwell Parish	021	Columbia	1838	from part of Catahoula Parish and Ouachita Parish.	Named for the Caldwell family, which owned a large plantation and remains politically active in the state.	10,132	541 sq mi (1,401 km^2)
Cameron Parish	023	Cameron	1870	from parts of Calcasieu Parish and Vermilion Parish.	U.S. Secretary of War Simon Cameron	6,839	1,932 sq mi (5,004 km^2)
Catahoula Parish	025	Harrisonburg	1808	from parts of Ouachita Parish and Rapides Parish.	Catahoula Lake, formerly within the parish's boundaries and named from a Taensa word meaning big, clear lake	10,407	739 sq mi (1,914 km^2)
Claiborne Parish	027	Homer	1828	from part of Natchitoches Parish.	Governor of Louisiana William C. C. Claiborne	17,195	768 sq mi (1,989 km^2)
Concordia Parish	029	Vidalia	1807	One of the original 19 parishes.	Name is of uncertain origin; may be from an early land grant called New Concordia, from the "concord" reached by local authorities over a mutual surrender of slaves or for a mansion called Concord which was owned by Spanish Governor Manuel Gayoso de Lemos	20,822	749 sq mi (1,940 km^2)
De Soto Parish	031	Mansfield	1843	from parts of Caddo Parish and Natchitoches Parish.	Spanish explorer Hernando de Soto	26,656	895 sq mi (2,318 km^2)
East Baton Rouge Parish	033	Baton Rouge	1810	from West Florida territory.	French phrase bâton rouge meaning red stick. A red stick was used by local Native Americans to mark the boundaries between tribal territories	440,171	471 sq mi (1,220 km^2)
East Carroll Parish	035	Lake Providence	1877	when Carroll Parish was divided.	Charles Carroll of Carrollton, the last surviving signer of the U.S. Declaration of Independence	7,759	442 sq mi (1,145 km^2)
East Feliciana Parish	037	Clinton	1824	when Feliciana Parish was divided.	Felicite de Gálvez, the wife of Bernardo de Gálvez, a Spanish governor of Louisiana (New Spain)	20,267	456 sq mi (1,181 km^2)
Evangeline Parish	039	Ville Platte	1910	from part of St. Landry Parish.	Acadian heroine of the poem "Evangeline" by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow	33,984	680 sq mi (1,761 km^2)
Franklin Parish	041	Winnsboro	1843	from parts of Carroll Parish, Catahoula Parish, Madison Parish and Ouachita Parish	Founding Father Benjamin Franklin	20,767	636 sq mi (1,647 km^2)
Grant Parish	043	Colfax	1869	from parts of Rapides Parish and Winn Parish.	U.S. President Ulysses S. Grant	22,309	664 sq mi (1,720 km^2)
Iberia Parish	045	New Iberia	1868	from parts of St. Martin Parish and St. Mary Parish.	Named by Spanish settlers in honor of the Iberian Peninsula	73,240	1,031 sq mi (2,670 km^2)
Iberville Parish	047	Plaquemine	1807	One of the original 19 parishes.	Explorer Pierre Le Moyne d'Iberville, the brother of Jean-Baptiste Le Moyne de Bienville	33,387	653 sq mi (1,691 km^2)
Jackson Parish	049	Jonesboro	1845	from parts of Claiborne Parish, Ouachita Parish and Union Parish	U.S. President Andrew Jackson	16,274	580 sq mi (1,502 km^2)
Jefferson Parish	051	Gretna	1825	from part of Orleans Parish	Founding Father Thomas Jefferson	432,552	642 sq mi (1,663 km^2)
Jefferson Davis Parish	053	Jennings	1912	from part of Calcasieu Parish.	Jefferson Davis, president of the Confederate States of America	31,594	659 sq mi (1,707 km^2)
Lafayette Parish	055	Lafayette	1823	from part of St. Martin Parish.	French-born American Revolutionary War hero, the Marquis de Lafayette	221,578	270 sq mi (699 km^2)
Lafourche Parish	057	Thibodaux	1807	One of the original 19 parishes. Was named Interior Parish until 1812 and Lafourche Interior Parish until 1853.	French phrase la fourche or in English, the fork; Bayou Lafourche, or Fork Bayou, is a fork of the Mississippi River	96,318	1,472 sq mi (3,812 km^2)
La Salle Parish	059	Jena	1910	from west half of Catahoula Parish.	Explorer René-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle	14,890	663 sq mi (1,717 km^2)
Lincoln Parish	061	Ruston	1873	from parts of Bienville Parish, Claiborne Parish, Jackson Parish and Union Parish.	U.S. President Abraham Lincoln	46,735	472 sq mi (1,222 km^2)
Livingston Parish	063	Livingston	1832	from part of St. Helena Parish.	U.S. Secretary of State Edward Livingston, brother of Robert R. Livingston who negotiated the Louisiana Purchase	128,026	703 sq mi (1,821 km^2)
Madison Parish	065	Tallulah	1838	from Concordia Parish.	U.S. President James Madison	12,093	651 sq mi (1,686 km^2)
Morehouse Parish	067	Bastrop	1844	from parts of Carroll Parish and Ouachita Parish.	Abraham Morehouse, who led the first settlers into the region	27,979	805 sq mi (2,085 km^2)
Natchitoches Parish	069	Natchitoches	1807	One of the original 19 parishes.	The Natchitoches Native American people	39,566	1,299 sq mi (3,364 km^2)
Orleans Parish	071	New Orleans	1807	One of the original 19 parishes. Today coterminous with the City of New Orleans.	Named after the Duke of Orléans, the regent of France	343,829	350 sq mi (906 km^2)
Ouachita Parish	073	Monroe	1807	One of the original 19 parishes.	The Ouachita Native American people	153,720	633 sq mi (1,639 km^2)
Plaquemines Parish	075	Pointe a la Hache	1807	One of the original 19 parishes.	A word meaning persimmons created from the Louisiana Creole French and the Atakapa language	23,042	2,429 sq mi (6,291 km^2)
Pointe Coupee Parish	077	New Roads	1807	One of the original 19 parishes.	French phrase la pointe coupée or in English, the cut-off point, which refers to a bend in the Mississippi River	22,802	591 sq mi (1,531 km^2)
Rapides Parish	079	Alexandria	1807	One of the original 19 parishes.	Named for local river rapids (French: rapides)	131,613	1,362 sq mi (3,528 km^2)
Red River Parish	081	Coushatta	1871	from parts of Bienville Parish, Bossier Parish, Caddo Parish and Natchitoches Parish.	Named for the Red River, which is part of the Mississippi River watershed	9,091	402 sq mi (1,041 km^2)
Richland Parish	083	Rayville	1868	from parts of Carroll Parish, Franklin Parish, Morehouse Parish and Ouachita Parish.	Named for its rich land	20,725	564 sq mi (1,461 km^2)
Sabine Parish	085	Many	1843	from parts of Caddo Parish and Natchitoches Parish.	Named for the Sabine River and the so-called Sabine Free State	24,233	1,012 sq mi (2,621 km^2)
Saint Bernard Parish	087	Chalmette	1807	One of the original 19 parishes.	Saint Bernard, patron saint of Bernardo de Galvez, the Spanish governor who granted land to the Canary Islanders settling the area in 1778	35,897	1,794 sq mi (4,646 km^2)
Saint Charles Parish	089	Hahnville	1807	One of the original 19 parishes.	Saint Charles	52,780	410 sq mi (1,062 km^2)
Saint Helena Parish	091	Greensburg	1810	from West Florida territory.	Saint Helena	11,203	409 sq mi (1,059 km^2)
Saint James Parish	093	Convent	1807	One of the original 19 parishes.	Saint James	22,102	258 sq mi (668 km^2)
Saint John the Baptist Parish	095	Edgard	1807	One of the original 19 parishes.	Saint John the Baptist	45,924	348 sq mi (901 km^2)
Saint Landry Parish	097	Opelousas	1807	One of the original 19 parishes.	Saint Landry	83,384	939 sq mi (2,432 km^2)
Saint Martin Parish	099	Saint Martinville	1807	One of the original 19 parishes.	Saint Martin	52,160	817 sq mi (2,116 km^2)
Saint Mary Parish	101	Franklin	1811	from part of St. Martin Parish.	Saint Mary.	54,650	612 sq mi (1,585 km^2)
Saint Tammany Parish	103	Covington	1810	from West Florida territory.	Legendary Indian Chief Tamanend.	233,740	1,124 sq mi (2,911 km^2)
Tangipahoa Parish	105	Amite	1869	from parts of Livingston Parish, St. Helena Parish, St. Tammany Parish and Washington Parish.	Comes from an Acolapissa word meaning ear of corn or those who gather corn	121,097	823 sq mi (2,132 km^2)
Tensas Parish	107	Saint Joseph	1843	from part of Concordia Parish.	The Taensa Native American people.	5,066	641 sq mi (1,660 km^2)
Terrebonne Parish	109	Houma	1822	from part of Lafourche Interior Parish.	French phrase terre bonne or in English, good earth	111,860	2,080 sq mi (5,387 km^2)
Union Parish	111	Farmerville	1839	from part of Ouachita Parish.	Named for the union of states which make up the U.S.	22,721	905 sq mi (2,344 km^2)
Vermilion Parish	113	Abbeville	1844	from part of Lafayette Parish.	Both the Vermilion River and Vermilion Bay	57,999	1,538 sq mi (3,983 km^2)
Vernon Parish	115	Leesville	1871	from parts of Natchitoches Parish, Rapides Parish and Sabine Parish.	Mount Vernon, the home of George Washington, the first U.S. President	52,334	1,341 sq mi (3,473 km^2)
Washington Parish	117	Franklinton	1819	from part of St. Tammany Parish.	U.S. President George Washington	47,168	676 sq mi (1,751 km^2)
Webster Parish	119	Minden	1871	from parts of Bienville Parish, Bossier Parish and Claiborne Parish.	U.S. statesman Daniel Webster	41,207	615 sq mi (1,593 km^2)
West Baton Rouge Parish	121	Port Allen	1807	One of the original 19 parishes. Was named Baton Rouge Parish until 1812.	French phrase bâton rouge meaning red stick. A red stick was used by local Native Americans to mark the boundaries between tribal territories	23,788	203 sq mi (526 km^2)
West Carroll Parish	123	Oak Grove, West Carroll Parish	1877	when Carroll Parish was divided.	Charles Carroll of Carrollton, the last surviving signer of the U.S. Declaration of Independence	11,604	360 sq mi (932 km^2)
West Feliciana Parish	125	Saint Francisville	1824	when Feliciana Parish was divided.	Felicite de Gálvez, the wife of Bernardo de Gálvez, a Spanish governor of Louisiana (New Spain)	15,625	1,051 sq mi (2,722 km^2)
Winn Parish	127	Winnfield	1852	from parts of Catahoula Parish, Natchitoches Parish and Rapides Parish.	Louisiana state legislator Walter Winn	15,313	957 sq mi (2,479 km^2)

Former parishes

• Attakapas Parish existed from 1805 to 1811.
• Biloxi Parish formed in 1811 from West Florida territory. It was eliminated in 1812 when it was transferred to the Mississippi Territory.^[1]
• Carroll Parish formed in 1838 from part of Ouachita Parish. In 1877, it was divided into East Carroll Parish and West Carroll Parish.^[1]
• Feliciana Parish formed in 1810 from West Florida territory. In 1824, it was divided into East Feliciana Parish and West Feliciana Parish.^[1]
• German Coast Parish existed from 1805 to 1807.
• Opelousas Parish
• Pascagoula Parish formed in 1811 from West Florida territory. It was eliminated in 1812 when it was transferred to the Mississippi Territory.^[1]
• Warren Parish formed in 1811 from part of Concordia Parish, and merged into Concordia Parish and Ouachita Parish in 1814.^[1]

Parishes in 1803

The twelve parishes defined by the Territorial Legislative Council in 1803 were:

• Acadia Parish
• Attakapas Parish
• Concordia Parish
• German Coast Parish
• Iberville Parish
• Lafourche Parish
• Natchitoches Parish
• Opelousas Parish
• Orleans Parish
• Ouachita Parish
• Pointe Coupee Parish
• Rapides Parish

In 1807, German Coast Parish was divided into several different parishes, when the Territorial Council revised the list from 12 to 19. Similarly, in 1811 Attakapas Parish was subdivided. The parish names German Coast and Attakapas were dropped.

Fictional parishes

• In the novels Little Altars Everywhere, Divine Secrets of the Ya-Ya Sisterhood, and Ya-Yas in Bloom, author Rebecca Wells created the fictional "Garnet Parish".
• The movie Steel Magnolias was said to take place in the fictional "Chinquapin Parish", likely a suburban parish of Shreveport, Louisiana. However, the movie was shot in Natchitoches, Louisiana, and involved several elements of culture indicative of the town and parish of the same name. For example, the annual Christmas Festival of Lights in Natchitoches is shown, as are Cajun dance styles with a distinctive country-Cajun band. (Natchitoches is in the Crossroads region of Louisiana, where southern Louisiana's predominantly Catholic, Cajun culture meets the primarily Protestant, Anglo culture of northern Louisiana.)
• Part of Walter Jon Williams' novel The Rift is set in the fictional "Spottswood Parish".
• The Southern Vampire Mysteries series of novels written by Charlaine Harris and HBO’s True Blood, which is based on the novels, take place in the fictional northwestern Louisiana "Renard Parish".
• In the movie In the Electric Mist, Deputy Jason J. Bayard was from the fictional "St. Clare Parish".
• In the DC Comics Universe, "Belle Reve Parish" is a parish in Louisiana that contains the Bell Reve Penitentiary.
• In the movie The Green Mile, a fictional parish named "Trapingus Parish" is featured in the movie. The film was actually shot in Tennessee.
• In the Cinemax TV series "Banshee", Chayton Littlestone is seen fighting in a fictional parish named "Sang Tholis", which is said to be in New Orleans. "Sang" is the French word for "blood", but "tholis" is not a French word.

References

1. Tabor, B. "Bryansite - Louisiana parishes".
2. "Louisiana Timeline - 1807".
3. The Admission of Louisiana into the Union
4. "EPA County FIPS Code Listing". EPA.gov. Retrieved 2008-02-23.
5. National Association of Counties. "NACo - Find a county". Archived from the original on 2008-06-04. Retrieved 2008-06-12.
6. Louisiana Dept. of Public Health Parish Profiles

External links