Parnassius orleans

Parnassius orleans
Parnassius orleans
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Lepidoptera
Family:	Papilionidae
Genus:	Parnassius
Species:	P. orleans
Binomial name
Parnassius orleans Oberthur, 1890

Parnassius orleans is a high altitude butterfly which is found in Mongolia Western China and Tibet It is a member of the Snow Apollo genus Parnassius of the Swallowtail (Papilionidae) family. It was named after Prince Henri of Orleans who discovered it.

Note. The wing pattern in Parnassius species is inconsistent and the very many subspecies and forms make identification problematic and uncertain. Structural characters derived from the genitalia, wing venation, sphragis and foretibial epiphysis are more, but not entirely reliable. The description given here is a guide only.For an identification key see Ackery P.R. (1975^[1]

Description

Ground-colour with a feeble yellow tint; forewing with the costal spots connected, band-like, including 2 or 3 red dots, hindmarginal spot likewise frequently filled in with red, between these spots a blackish discal shadow; marginal band moderately wide, interrupted by narrow white marginal spots; submarginal macular band deeply incised. Hindwing with large, red, white-centred ocelli,1 or 2 anal spots, mostly also filled in with red, and with a submarginal row of 4 or 5 black spots partly filled in with blue. Female more sharply marked, the costal spots of forewing connected with the hindmarginal one by denser black shading, the submarginal spots of hindwing larger, brighter. Apart from these characters the general aspect very similar to that of Parnassius eversmanni. Ta-tsien-lu, Western China. — In the female of the smaller form groumi Oberth. from Amdo (Kuku-nor) the red is usually absent from the spots of the forewing, the spots themselves being very strongly marked, the black discal shadow stronger, groundcolour of wings purer, submarginal band of forewing separated into spots and abbreviated, ocelli of hindwing bright red, anal spot black.^[2]

References

1. Ackery P.R. (1975) A guide to the genera and species of Parnassiinae (Lepidoptera:Papilionidae). Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist. (Ent.) 31, 4 pdf
2. Stichel in Seitz, 1906 (Parnassius). Die Groß-Schmetterlinge der Erde. Die Groß-Schmetterlinge des palaearktischen Faunengebietes. Die palaearktischen Tagfalter, Stuttgart.

• Bernard Turlin et Luc Manil, 2005 Étude synoptique et répartition mondiale des espèces du genre "Parnassius" Latreille 1804 ("Lepidoptera Papilionidae") Luc Manil, Paris.

Further reading

Parnassius orleans Sv Parnassius orleans provides further references and synonymy

External links