Parthamaspates of Parthia

Coin of Parthamaspates.

Parthamaspates, was the Roman client king of the Parthian Empire and later of Osroene. He was the son of the Parthian emperor Osroes I.

Biography

After spending much of his life in Roman exile, he accompanied the Roman Emperor Trajan on the latter's campaign to conquer Parthia. Trajan originally planned to annex Parthia as part of the Roman Empire, but ultimately decided instead to place Parthamaspates on his father's throne as a Roman client, doing so in 116. Following Roman withdrawal from the area, Osroes easily defeated Parthamaspates and reclaimed the Parthian throne.

After his defeat in Parthia, Parthamaspates again fled to the Romans who then, as a consolation, granted him the co-rule of Osroene, a small Roman client state between Asia Minor and Syria. He was king of Osroene together with Yalur from 118 to 122, and afterwards sole ruler to 123.

Sources

(French) Clément Huart & Louis Delaporte, L'Iran antique : Élam et Perse et la civilisation iranienne, Albin Michel, coll. « L'Évolution de l'Humanité », Paris, 1943, p. 327.
Toumanoff, Cyril (1986). "Arsacids". Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. II, Fasc. 5. Cyril Toumanoff. pp. 525–546.

Parthamaspates of Parthia Arsacid dynasty
Preceded by Osroes I	Great King (Shah) of Parthia 116–117	Succeeded by Osroes I
Preceded by None (interregnum)	King of Osroene 118–123 (with Yalur to 122)	Succeeded by Ma'nu VII

Rulers of the Parthian Empire (247 BC – 224 AD)

Arsaces I (250–246/211 BC) Tiridates I (246–211 BC) Arsaces II (211–191 BC) Phriapatius (191–176 BC) Phraates I (176–171 BC) Mithridates I (171–138 BC) Phraates II (138–127 BC) Artabanus II (127–124 BC) Mithridates II (124–88 BC) Gotarzes I (95–90 BC) Orodes I (90–80 BC) Sanatruces (77–70 BC) Phraates III (70–57 BC) Mithridates III (57–54 BC) Orodes II (57–38 BC) Pacorus I^§ (51 BC) Phraates IV (37–2 BC) Tiridates II^§ (32 BC) Musa (2 BC–4 AD) Phraates V (2 BC–4 AD) Orodes III (4–6) Vonones I (6–12) Artabanus III (10–35) Tiridates III (35–36) Artabanus III (36–38) Vardanes I (40–47) Gotarzes II (40–51) Vonones II (51) Vologases I (51–78) Vardanes II^§ (55–58) Vologases II (77–80) Pacorus II (78–105) Artabanus IV^§ (80–90) Vologases III (105–147) Osroes I (109–116) Parthamaspates^§ (116–117) Sanatruces II^§ (116) Osroes I (117–129) Vologases III (129–140) Mithridates IV (129–140) Vologases IV (147–191) Osroes II^§ (191) Vologases V (191–208) Vologases VI (208–228) Artabanus V^§ (208–224)

^§ usurpers or rival claimants

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