Patti LaBelle

Patti LaBelle

LaBelle in 2008.
Background information
Birth name Patricia Louise Holt
Also known as Patricia Edwards
Born (1944-05-24) May 24, 1944
Origin Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.
Genres
Occupation(s)
Years active 1962–present
Labels
Associated acts
Website pattilabelle.com

Patricia Louise Holt-Edwards (born May 24, 1944)[1] better known under the stage name Patti LaBelle, is an American singer, author, actress, and entrepreneur. LaBelle began her career in the early 1960s as lead singer and front woman of the vocal group, Patti LaBelle and the Bluebelles. Following the group's name change to Labelle in the early 1970s, she released the iconic disco song "Lady Marmalade" and the group later became the first African-American vocal group to land the cover of Rolling Stone magazine.[1] After the group split in 1976, LaBelle began a successful solo career, starting with her critically acclaimed debut album, which included the career-defining song, "You Are My Friend". LaBelle became a mainstream solo star in 1984 following the success of the singles, "If Only You Knew", "New Attitude" and "Stir It Up", with the latter two crossing over to pop audiences becoming radio staples.[1]

Less than two years later, in 1986, LaBelle scored with the number-one album, Winner in You and the number-one duet single, "On My Own", with Michael McDonald. LaBelle eventually won a 1992 Grammy for Best Female R&B Vocal Performance for her 1991 album, Burnin', followed by a second Grammy win for the live album, Live! One Night Only. Her 1990s albums, Burnin', Gems (1994) and Flame (1997), continued her popularity with young R&B audiences throughout the decade. Following the release of two mildly receptive solo albums in the early new millennium, she reunited with her Labelle band mates for the album, Back to Now, followed by a briefly well received promotional tour.[1] LaBelle's success has extended as an actress with a notable role in the film, A Soldier's Story, and in TV shows such as A Different World and American Horror Story: Freak Show. In 1992, LaBelle starred in her own TV sitcom, Out All Night. A decade later, LaBelle hosted her own lifestyle TV show, Living It Up with Patti LaBelle on TV One. In 2015, LaBelle took part in the dance competition, Dancing with the Stars.[2]

In a career that has spanned fifty years, she has sold more than 50 million records worldwide. LaBelle has been inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame, the Hollywood Walk of Fame, the Apollo Theater Hall of Fame and the Songwriters' Hall of Fame. In 2005, the World Music Awards recognized her years in the music business by awarding her the Legend Award. Possessing the voice of a soprano,[3] LaBelle was included in Rolling Stone on their list of 100 Greatest Singers.[4][5] LaBelle is commonly identified as the "Godmother of Soul".[6]

Early life and career

Patti LaBelle and the Bluebelles

LaBelle was born Patricia Louise Holte on May 24, 1944 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, the third of four girls to Henry and Bertha Holte.[7] Her father was a railroad worker and her mother was a domestic. Despite enjoying her childhood, LaBelle would later write in her memoirs, Don't Block the Blessings, that her parents' marriage was abusive. When Patti was seven, she was sexually molested by a family friend. At twelve, her parents' marriage came to an end though Patti remained close to her father. Patti joined a local church choir at the Beulah Baptist Church at ten and performed her first solo two years later, while she also grew up listening to secular music styles such as R&B and jazz music. When she was fifteen, she won a talent competition at her high school. This success led to Patti forming her first singing group, the Ordettes, in 1960, with schoolmates Jean Brown, Yvonne Hogen and Johnnie Dawson.[8] The group, with Patti as front woman, became a local attraction until two of its members left to marry.[9] In 1962, the Ordettes included three new members, Cindy Birdsong, Sarah Dash and Nona Hendryx, the latter two girls having sung for another defunct vocal group.[9] That year, they auditioned for local record label owner Harold Robinson. Robinson agreed to work with the group after Patti began singing the song "I Sold My Heart to the Junkman". Initially Robinson was dismissive of Patti due to him feeling Patti was "too dark and too plain".[9]

Shortly after signing them, he had them record as the Blue Belles and were told to promote the recording of "I Sold My Heart to the Junkman", which had been recorded by The Starlets, but was assigned as a Blue Belles single due to label conflict.[9] The Starlets' manager sued Harold Robinson after the Blue Belles were seen performing a lip-synching version of the song on American Bandstand.[9] After settling out of court, Robinson altered the group's name to "Patti LaBelle and The Blue Belles".[9] Initially, a Billboard ad cited the group as "Patti Bell and the Blue Bells".[10] In 1963, the group scored their first hit single with the ballad, "Down the Aisle (The Wedding Song)", which became a crossover top 40 hit on the Billboard pop and R&B charts after King Records issued it. Later in the year, they recorded their rendition of the standard, "You'll Never Walk Alone", the single was later re-released on Cameo-Parkway Records, where the group scored a second hit on the pop charts with the song in 1964. Another charted single, "Danny Boy", was released that same year. In 1965, after Cameo-Parkway folded, the group moved to New York and signed with Atlantic Records, where they recorded twelve singles for the label, including the mildly charted singles "All or Nothing" and "Take Me for a Little While". The group's Atlantic tenure included their rendition of "Over the Rainbow" and a version of the song, "Groovy Kind of Love". In 1967, Birdsong left the group to join The Supremes and by 1970, the group had been dropped from Atlantic Records as well as by their longtime manager Bernard Montague.

That year, Vicki Wickham, producer of the UK music show, Ready, Steady, Go, agreed to manage the group after Dusty Springfield mentioned signing them. Wickham's first direction for the group was for them to change their name to simply Labelle and advised the group to renew their act, going for a more homegrown look and sound that reflected psychedelic soul. In 1971, the group opened for The Who in several stops on the group's U.S. tour.

Labelle

Main article: Labelle
LaBelle (c) with her Labelle band mates Nona Hendryx and Sarah Dash in a 1974 promotional photo

Labelle signed with the Warner Music imprint, Track Records, and released their self-titled debut album in 1971. The record's psychedelic soul sound and its blending of rock and soul rhythms was a departure from the group's early sound. That same year, they sang background vocals on Laura Nyro's album, Gonna Take a Miracle. A year later, in 1972, the group released Moon Shadow, which repeated the homegrown gritty sound of the previous album. In 1973, influenced by glam rockers David Bowie and Elton John, Wickham had the group dressed in silver space suits and luminescent makeup.[11]

After their third successive album, Pressure Cookin', failed to generate a hit, Labelle signed with Epic Records in 1974, releasing their most successful album to date, with Nightbirds, which blended soul, funk and rock music, thanks to the work of the album's producer, Allen Toussaint. The single, "Lady Marmalade", would become their biggest-selling single, going number one on the Billboard Hot 100 and selling over a million copies, as did Nightbirds, which later earned a RIAA gold award, for sales of a million units. In October 1974, Labelle made pop history by becoming the first rock and roll vocal group to perform at the Metropolitan Opera House.[12] Riding high on the success of "Lady Marmalade" and the Nightbirds album, Labelle made the cover of Rolling Stone in 1975.

Labelle released two more albums, Chameleon and Phoenix in 1975 and 1976 respectively. While both albums continued the group's critical success, none of the singles issued on those albums ever crossed over to the pop charts. By 1976, Patti, Nona and Sarah began arguing over the group's musical direction. Personal difficulties came to ahead during a December 16, 1976 show in Baltimore, Maryland where Nona Hendryx went backstage and injured herself during a nervous breakdown. Following the incident, LaBelle advised the group to separate.

Solo career

Early solo career (1977–1984)

Signing a solo contract with Epic Records in 1977, she recruited David Rubinson, producer of Chameleon, to record her self-titled debut album, which was released that year. The album was noted for the disco hits, "Joy to Have Your Love" and "Dan Swit Me" and the gospel ballad, "You Are My Friend", the latter song becoming her first career-defining single despite its low entry on the R&B chart. Three more albums were released in succession on Epic through 1980, with the songs "Eyes in the Back of My Head", "Little Girls", "Music is My Way of Life", "Come What May", "Release (The Tension)" and "I Don't Go Shopping", the latter song co-written by Peter Allen, being the most successful.

After four albums on Epic, LaBelle signed with Philadelphia International Records, where she recorded her career-defining version of "Over the Rainbow" on the album, The Spirit's in It. In 1982, she was featured on the Grover Washington duet, "The Best Is Yet to Come", and earned accolades that year for starring in the Broadway musical, Your Arms Too Short to Box with God. "The Best Is Yet to Come" later earned LaBelle her first Grammy Award nomination. In 1983, LaBelle released her breakthrough album, I'm in Love Again, which included her first top ten R&B singles, with "Love, Need and Want You" and "If Only You Knew", the latter song also becoming her first number-one single as a solo artist in early 1984. Later in 1984, she scored another hit with Bobby Womack on the song, "Love Has Finally Come at Last" and appeared as a club singer in the film, A Soldier's Story.

Crossover success (1984–2009)

LaBelle promoting AIDS awareness in the 1980s

In 1984, LaBelle recorded the songs "New Attitude" and "Stir It Up" for the soundtrack to the Eddie Murphy film, Beverly Hills Cop. Following the release of the film, "New Attitude" was released as a single in late 1984 and became LaBelle's first crossover solo hit, reaching number 17 on the Billboard Hot 100 and becoming a signature song. "Stir It Up" found similar success on pop radio and as a staple in dance clubs. In 1985, LaBelle performed on the TV special, Motown Returns to Apollo and also as part of the all-star benefit concert, Live Aid. LaBelle's notoriety from performing on these two specials made her a pop star and led to having her own television special later that same year. Also in the same year, a video of a performance from her tour of that year was issued on VHS. During this period, LaBelle ended her contractual obligations to Philadelphia International and signed with MCA Records.

In 1986, LaBelle released her best-selling solo album to date with Winner in You with the album reaching number one on the pop charts. The album included the international number-one hit, "On My Own" and the hit ballad "Oh People". The success of Winner in You would prove to be the peak of her solo success, though she continued her acclaim with the 1989 release of Be Yourself, which featured "Yo Mister" and the hit ballad "If You Asked Me To", which found bigger success in a remake by singer Celine Dion. In the year of that album's release, LaBelle began a successful stint in a recurring role on A Different World, the success of which spawned a brief sitcom of her own, titled Out All Night, which only lasted a season. In 1991, she recorded a hit duet version of the Babyface composition, "Superwoman" with Gladys Knight and Dionne Warwick. The trio had previously appeared in the Sisters in the Name of Love TV special in 1987. The same year of the release of "Superwoman", LaBelle issued the solo album, Burnin', which went gold, with three successive top five singles on the R&B charts. This success led to LaBelle winning her first Grammy Award in the Best Female R&B Vocal Performance category, sharing the win with singer Lisa Fischer, who won for her hit ballad, "How Can I Ease the Pain", in a rare tie in the history of the Grammys.

LaBelle's 1994 album, Gems, also went gold and featured the hit, "The Right Kinda Lover". Three years after that, LaBelle released the album, Flame, which included the dance hit, "When You Talk About Love". LaBelle released her best-selling memoirs, Don't Block the Blessings, in 1996, and released the first of five best-selling cookbooks in 1997. In 1998, she released the live album, Live! One Night Only, later resulting in a second Grammy win the following February. It remains her most recent Grammy win. In 2000, LaBelle released her final MCA album, When a Woman Loves, before signing with Def Soul Classics to release the 2004 album, Timeless Journey. Following the release of her 2005 covers album, Classic Moments, LaBelle engaged in a rivalry with Antonio "L.A." Reid over the direction of her career, leading to her leaving the label.[13] In 2006, she released her first gospel album, The Gospel According to Patti LaBelle on the Bungalo label, the album later peaking at number one on Billboard's gospel chart.[14] LaBelle also released the book, Patti's Pearls, during this period. She returned to Def Jam in 2007 and released her second holiday album, Miss Patti's Christmas. In 2008, LaBelle briefly reunited with Nona Hendryx and Sarah Dash as Labelle on the group's first new album in over thirty years, Back to Now.

Later career (2010–present)

On September 14, 2010, LaBelle made a return two decades after her last Broadway performance to star in the award-winning musical Fela![15] about Afrobeat legend Fela Anikulapo-Kuti. LaBelle replaced Tony Award-nominee Lillias White as Fela's mother, Funmilayo Ransome-Kuti, and remained with the production through the end of its run on January 2, 2011.[16]

On May 23, 2011, LaBelle appeared on "Oprah's Farewell Spectacular, Part 1" the first show in a series of three shows constituting the finale of The Oprah Winfrey Show, singing "Over the Rainbow" with Josh Groban.[17] LaBelle was honored with the Lifetime Achievement Award at the BET Awards on June 26, 2011.[18] LaBelle and Aretha Franklin, among others, performed at the "Women of Soul: In Performance at the White House" concert hosted by President Barack Obama at the White House, recorded March 6, 2014.[19]

On June 10, 2014, LaBelle returned to Broadway as the cast and creative team of the Tony Award-nominated smash hit Broadway musical After Midnight, welcomed her as "Special Guest Star".[20] In August 2014, it was announced that LaBelle would appear in a guest role on the upcoming fourth season of the FX horror anthology television series American Horror Story, subtitled Freak Show.[2]

On February 24, 2015, LaBelle was announced as one of the celebrities who would compete on the 20th season of Dancing with the Stars. She partnered with professional dancer Artem Chigvintsev.[21] The couple was eliminated on Week 6 and finished in 8th place.[22] LaBelle has consistently toured the United States selling out shows in various markets. In 2012 and 2014 she appeared with Frankie Beverly & Maze on cross-country USA tours. In 2015 LaBelle made a guest appearance on Fox's Empire as herself.[2]

She is scheduled to be a "key advisor" on the NBC series, The Voice.[23]

Personal life

LaBelle later accounted in her memoirs that she was sexually assaulted by Jackie Wilson while at the Brooklyn Fox Theatre in the 1960s. Around 1964, LaBelle was engaged to Otis Williams, founding member of The Temptations, but broke it off due to scheduling conflicts. In 1969, LaBelle married a longtime friend, Armstead Edwards. After LaBelle started a solo career, Edwards became her manager up until the couple separated in the late 1990s. In 2000, the couple announced they had legally separated. Three years later, their divorce was finalized. They have a child, Zuri Kye Edwards (born 1973), who is now her current manager. In addition to Zuri, LaBelle has two adopted sons, Stanley and Dodd.

In 1982, her eldest sister Vivian Rogers died of lung cancer at 42. In 1984, she lost her second-eldest sister, Barbara Purifoy, to colon cancer at 41. A year later, she lost her mother, Bertha, to diabetes.[24] In 1989, she lost her father Henry to emphysema brought on by complications of Alzheimer's disease and her youngest sister, Jacqueline "Jackie" Padgett, to lung cancer. Jackie was only 43 when she died. LaBelle dedicated her album, Burnin' and her rendition of "Wind Beneath My Wings" in her 1991/92 concert tour to Padgett. After burying Padgett, LaBelle shot the music video to "If You Asked Me To". In 1995, LaBelle was diagnosed with diabetes. LaBelle has a home in the Philadelphia suburb of Wynnewood and also has condos in Los Angeles and in the Bahamas.

Civil suit

In June 2011, a West Point cadet filed a civil suit against LaBelle after he was allegedly assaulted by her bodyguards. LaBelle and her entourage were on their way to a gig in Louisiana when Richard King, a 23-year-old cadet on spring break, approached her limousine. Having been drinking, he then verbally assailed LaBelle and exchanged heated words with her son Zuri Edwards, working as her driver at the time. King punched Edwards, and Holmes stepped in, striking King several times. According to court documents, King's intoxication level was almost 3.5 times the Texas legal limit that day. Initially, he could not remember what happened and authorities reported him as the aggressor, but no one from LaBelle's team pressed charges.

King was later given a suspension from the U.S. Military Academy. He sued LaBelle and Holmes for assault, seeking $1 million in civil court. LaBelle filed a counter-suit. Efrem Holmes, Labelle's bodyguard, was acquitted of misdemeanor assault on November 12, 2013, a charge stemming from the 2011 incident at George Bush International Airport in Houston, Texas.[25]

Voice

LaBelle is a dramatic soprano, with a range spanning approximately 3 octaves and a semitone (Bb2–E6).

Influence

As lead singer of the idiosyncratic group Labelle, Patti LaBelle has been called one of the pioneers of the disco movement due to singles such as "Lady Marmalade" and "Messin' With My Mind". In turn, "Lady Marmalade" has been also called one of the first mainstream disco hits (Jones and Kantonen, 1999). Rolling Stone included LaBelle in its 100 Greatest Singers list in 2011, citing her as an influencing factor to "generations of soul singers" including Luther Vandross, Alicia Keys, Mary J. Blige and Christina Aguilera.[4]

Pop culture

LaBelle made some headlines in late 2015 when a YouTube vlogger known as James Wright spoke enthusiastically on YouTube of her brand of sweet potato pies. The video went so viral that one pie was sold every second at Walmart, selling out across the country.[26]

Musician MonoNeon wrote a bass guitar musical accompaniment to James Wright's original viral video.[27][28][29]

Discography

The Bluebelles & Labelle

Year Title Chart Position
1962 "I Sold My Heart To The Junkman" US #15
R&B #13
1963 "Down the Aisle (The Wedding Song)" US #34
R&B #14
1964 "You'll Never Walk Alone" US #34
R&B #32
1966 "Over The Rainbow" R&B #20
1974 "Lady Marmalade" US #1
R&B #1
1975 "What Can I Do for You?" US #48
R&B #8
1976 "Isn't It A Shame" R&B #8

Moon Shadow R&B LP (1972)

Solo career

Awards and nominations

Emmy Awards

Year Category Work Result
1985 Outstanding Individual Performance in a Variety or Music Program Motown Returns to the Apollo Nominated
1986 Sylvia Fine Kaye's Musical Comedy Tonight III Nominated

Grammy Awards

Year Category Work Result
1984 Best Female R&B Vocal Performance "The Best Is Yet to Come" Nominated
1986 "New Attitude" Nominated
1987 Winner in You Nominated
Best Pop Vocal Performance by a Duo or Group "On My Own" (with Michael McDonald) Nominated
1991 Best Female R&B Vocal Performance "I Can't Complain" Nominated
1992 Best R&B Vocal Performance by a Duo or Group "Superwoman" (with Gladys Knight & Dionne Warwick) Nominated
Best Female R&B Vocal Performance Burnin' Won
1994 "All Right Now (live)" Nominated
1998 "When You Talk About Love" Nominated
Best R&B Album Flame Nominated
1999 Best Traditional R&B Vocal Performance Live! One Night Only Won
2004 Best Traditional R&B Vocal Performance "Way Up There" Nominated
2004 Grammy Hall of Fame "Lady Marmalade"
Inducted
2005 Best Traditional R&B Vocal Performance "New Day" Nominated

NAACP Image Awards

Year Category Work Result
1986 Entertainer of the Year Herself Won
1992 Won
1996 Outstanding Performance – Variety Series/Special The Essence Awards Won
1998 Outstanding Performance – Variety Series/Special Live! One Night Only Won
2004 Outstanding Female Artist Herself Won
2006 Outstanding Actress – Television, Movie, Miniseries or Dramatic Special Why I Wore Lipstick to My Mastectomy Won
Outstanding Gospel Artist Herself Won

Lifetime Achievement Awards

Year Organization Category
1995 Soul Train Music Awards Heritage Award – Career Achievement
1998 The Essence Awards Triumphant Spirit Award – Career Achievement
2001 BET Walk of Fame Walk of Fame Award
Lady of Soul Awards Lena Horne Lifetime Achievement Award
2003 Songwriter's Hall of Fame Sammy Cahn Lifetime Achievement Award
2008 World Music Awards Legend Award
2009 Apollo Theater Legends Hall of Fame
2011 BET Awards Lifetime Achievement Award
2013 Black Girls Rock Living Legend Award
2016 BET Honors Musical Arts Award

Other

Year Organization Category Work Result
1986 American Music Awards Favorite Soul/R&B Female Artist Herself Won
1992 Won
2007 GLAAD Media Excellence Award Won
2009 UNCF Evening of Stars UNCF Award of Excellence Won

Tours

Filmography

Film

Year Title Notes
1979 Richard Pryor: Live in Concert Documentary, scenes deleted
1984 A Soldier's Story
1989 Sing
2002 Sylvester: Mighty Real Short subject
2005 Preaching to the Choir
2006 Idlewild
2007 Cover
2008 Semi-Pro
2011 Mama, I Want to Sing!

Television

Year Title Notes
1982 Working
1985 The Patti LaBelle Show Host
1986 Unnatural Causes
1989 Fire and Rain
1990 A Different World
Parker Kane
1991 The Real Story of the Itsy Bitsy Spider Voice only
1992 Out All Night
1994 The Nanny Special guest star
1997 Cosby
2001 Santa Baby Voice only
2003 Living It Up With Patti LaBelle
2004 All of Us
2006 Why I Wore Lipstick to My Mastectomy
2007 The Dog Whisperer
2008 An Evening With The Stars: A Tribute to Patti Labelle
2011 Oprah's Farewell Season
UNCF: An Evening of Stars "When You've Been Blessed"
Top Chef Season 9: "Texas" (Episode 8)
2013 Oprah's Next Chapter
2014 American Horror Story: Freak Show Dora (4 episodes)[30]
2015 Empire
Dancing with the Stars Season 20: eliminated Week 6
Patti LaBelle's Place Cooking Channel special

See also

Notes

  1. 1 2 3 4 "Patti LaBelle profile". Biography.com. Retrieved August 12, 2014.
  2. 1 2 3 Patti LaBelle at the Internet Movie Database
  3. ↑ Tricker, Spencer (July 22, 2008). "Patti LaBelle: The Essential Patti La Belle/Live In Washington, D.C.". Popmatters. Retrieved April 17, 2012.
  4. 1 2 "Patti LaBelle: 100 Greatest Singers". Rolling Stone. Retrieved 2012-10-15.
  5. ↑ "Patti LaBelle News, Pictures, and Videos". Tmz.com. Retrieved 2014-07-29.
  6. ↑ "The Godmother of Soul Patti LaBelle: The Better She Feels, The Better She Looks". Parade. March 13, 2015. Retrieved September 8, 2015.
  7. ↑ "Patti LaBelle Biography". filmreference.com. Retrieved 2011-12-22.
  8. ↑ Clemente 2013, p. 50.
  9. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Clemente 2013, p. 51.
  10. ↑ Warner 2006, p. 408.
  11. ↑ Warner 2006, p. 409.
  12. ↑ "Musician Guide Biography: Patti LaBelle". Retrieved 2009-09-02.
  13. ↑ "PATTI LABELLE VS. ANTONIO 'LA' REID: Did mogul pull artists out of her all-star birthday celebration?". EURweb. October 18, 2005.
  14. ↑ Campbell, Dwayne (December 15, 2006). "Patti LaBelle's first gospel album recalls her Baptist roots". The Philadelphia Inquirer.
  15. ↑ "Renowned Multiple Grammy Award-Winner Patti Labelle Joins Cast Of Award-Winning Broadway Musical Fela!". Fusemix.com. Retrieved 2011-12-22.
  16. ↑ "Patti LaBelle Will Step into Fela! in September; Musical to Close in January". Playbill.com. Retrieved 2011-12-22.
  17. ↑ "Josh Groban and Patti LaBelle's Duet – Oprah's Farewell Spectacular". Oprah.com. 2011-05-23. Retrieved 2011-12-22.
  18. ↑ "Patti LaBelle: Biography, Life, Facts and Songs". Famoussingers.org. Retrieved 28 August 2015.
  19. ↑ "Aretha Franklin, Patti LaBelle and Ariana Grande White House Gig to Air April 7 @ARTISTdirect". Artistdirect.com. Retrieved 2014-07-29.
  20. ↑ "BWW TV: Grammy Winner Patti LaBelle Joins Broadway's AFTER MIDNIGHT!". Broadwayworld.com. Retrieved 2014-07-29.
  21. ↑ ABC News. "'Dancing With the Stars' 2015: Season 20 Celebrity Cast Announced". ABC News. Retrieved March 10, 2015.
  22. ↑ "Dancing with the Stars 2015 Results Tonight: Patti LaBelle Gets DWTS Eliminated 4/20". lalate.com. Retrieved April 20, 2015.
  23. ↑ http://popcrush.com/the-voice-tori-kelly-patti-labelle-diddy-season-10-advisers/
  24. ↑ Jet 1990, p. 56.
  25. ↑ "Patti LaBelle Bodyguard acquitted of airport assault". BET. Retrieved 2014-07-29.
  26. ↑ http://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2015/11/17/456395409/once-a-hard-sell-wal-marts-patti-labelle-pies-fly-off-shelves
  27. ↑ "Patti LaBelle Says She Was Selling Out Pies 'Before the Guy Did His Wonderful Video". billboard.com
  28. ↑ "Somebody Added a Bass Guitar Riff to the Patti Pie Guy's Viral Video". complex.com
  29. ↑ "Hungry For Some Pie? MonoNeon Will Entice Your Sweet Tooth In This Clip (Video)". bassplayer.com
  30. ↑ "'AHS: Freak Show' debut: Ryan Murphy on sex, scary clowns & season 5". Entertainment Weekly's EW.com. Retrieved 10 March 2015.

References

Further reading

External links

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