Peace Now

Peace Now
Founded 1978[1]
Founders Amos Oz[2]
Amir Peretz
Yuli Tamir
Tzaly Reshef[3]
Janet Aviad
Gavri Bargil[4]
Galia Golan
Type Non-profit
NGO
Focus Two-state solution to the Israeli–Palestinian conflict[5]
Location
Area served
 Israel and the Israeli-occupied territories[1]
Method "public campaigns, advertisements, petitions, distribution of educational materials, conferences, lectures, surveys, dialogue groups, street activities, vigils, and demonstrations."[1]
Members
 over 10,000[1]
Key people
 Yariv Oppenheimer (General Director)[1]
Hagit Ofran (Settlement Watch Director)[1]
Mission "to promote peace and democracy through education of the Israeli public and concerned citizens worldwide."[1]
"to inspire the public to take part in developing initiatives that will both support long-term peace promotion and remove existing obstacles to a politically negotiated two-state solution."[1]
Website peacenow.org.il/eng

Peace Now (Hebrew: שלום עכשיו Shalom Achshav, IPA: [ʃaˈlom (ʔ)aχˈʃav]) is a non-governmental organization,[6] "liberal advocacy"[7] and activist group[8] in Israel with the aim of promoting a two-state solution to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.

Objectives/positions

Origins

Alternative text
The open Officers' Letter presented to the Prime Minister of Israel calling upon his government to normalise relations with Egypt.

Peace Now was formed during the 1978 Israeli-Egyptian peace talks between Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin and Egyptian President Anwar Sadat at a time when the talks looked close to collapse.

348 reserve officers and soldiers from Israeli army combat units published an open letter to the Prime Minister of Israel in which they called for the Israeli government not to squander the historic opportunity for peace between the two nations.[10] The officers realised that Israel could not retain its Jewish-democratic nature whilst it continued to perpetuate its rule over one million Arabs. They concluded that Israel's security needs could only be met by the attainment of peace between Israel and its neighbours via a negotiated agreement.[10] Subsequently tens of thousands of Israelis petitioned the Israeli government in support of the letter, and as a result the movement known as Peace Now was born.

Early activism

Peace Now again came to prominence following Israel's 1982 Invasion of Lebanon, and in particular the massacre of Palestinian refugees by Christian Lebanese Phalangists at the Israeli controlled Sabra and the Shatila refugee camp. On 25 September 1982 Peace Now held a mass protest in Tel Aviv in order to pressure the government to establish a national inquiry commission to investigate the massacres, as well as calling for the resignation of the Defence Minister Ariel Sharon.[3] Peace Now's 1982 demonstration was attended by 400,000 people, approximately 10% of Israel's population at the time.[11]

Subsequently the Israeli government established the Kahan Commission on 28 September 1982. Four months later the commission found Israel to be indirectly responsible for the massacres, and recommended Ariel Sharon's resignation.

Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin at first refused to adopt the Kahan Commission's recommendations. Consequently, Peace Now decided to hold a demonstration on 10 February 1983 that marched from Zion Square towards the Prime Minister's residence in Jerusalem in order to pressure the government to do so.

Emil Grunzweig

In the wake of the Sabra and Shatila massacre, Peace Now led a march from Zion Square and moved towards the Prime Ministers' Office in Jerusalem on 10 February 1983. During the march Peace Now demonstrators encountered a group of right-wing activists. In the ensuing confrontation, Yona Avrushmi tossed a hand-grenade into the crowd, killing Emil Grunzweig, a prominent Peace Now activist, and injuring several others.[12][13][14]

Yona Avrushmi was duly arrested, convicted of murder and given a mandatory life sentence, which was commuted to 27 years by President Ezer Weizman in 1995. Avrushmi was released on 26 January 2011.[15]

As a result of mounting public pressure on Menachem Begin to adopt the Kahan Commission's recommendations, largely due to popular outrage caused by Grunzweig's murder, Ariel Sharon agreed to step down as Defence Minister. However, he remained in the government as a minister without portfolio.[16]

Peace Now and the First Intifada (1987–1993)

In 1988 Yasser Arafat (Chairman of the PLO) publicly accepted United Nations Security Council Resolution 242 at the PNC in Algiers. For the first time, Yasser Arafat accepted Israel's existence according to its borders set out in United Nations General Assembly Resolution 181, and rejected and condemned the use of terrorism in all its forms. In reaction Peace Now led a demonstration of more than 100,000 people, calling for immediate Israeli-Palestinian negotiations for the purposes of attaining peace between the two parties.[17][18] Following this, Peace Now led the Hands Around Jerusalem event, in which 25,000 Israelis and Palestinians linked hands to encircle the walls of the Old City of Jerusalem in a chain of peace. [19]

In part due to the Israeli-Palestinian discourse engendered by Peace Now and its activists, Israeli Prime Minister Yitzchak Rabin and Yasser Arafat succeeded in signing the Declaration of Principles/Oslo Accords on the lawn of the White House on 13 September 1993. Peace Now was the first Israeli organisation to meet with the PLO, at a time when such an undertaking was deemed illegal by the Israeli government.[20]

The signing of the Oslo accords marked a milestone in Israeli-Palestinian relations, as for the first time both peoples recognised their counterpart's right to exist. Furthermore, the Oslo Peace Process was initiated; this process was a framework for future negotiations which aimed to resolve the Israel-Palestine conflict within a five-year period according to the logic of the 'two state solution', as set out in UN General Assembly Resolution 181.

Peace Now wholeheartedly supported the Oslo Accords, and since then it has called upon all Israeli administrations to date to adhere to the terms of interim agreements which were agreed upon as part of the Oslo Peace Process.[1]

Peace Now and the Second Intifada (2000–2005)

Since the outbreak of the violent Second Intifada in December 2000, Peace Now has arguably lost a certain degree of the Israeli public's support. While the First Intifada was largely a popular movement on the part of the Palestinian public, the Second Intifada consisted of far more violent confrontations between Palestinian militants and the IDF, Israeli settlers within the West Bank and the Gaza Strip, and Israeli civilians. According to the Israeli Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 132 Israeli individuals were killed by Palestinian militant bomb/suicide attacks within Israel proper between 2000 and 2004.[21]

Despite the arguable decline in the Israeli public's support for the Oslo Peace Process,[22][23] Peace Now succeeded in leading a demonstration of between 60,000[24] to 100,000[25] in May 2002, after Israeli military forces began on March 29 a large-scale military Operation Defensive Shield in the West Bank and as Prime Minister Ariel Sharon was mobilizing reserve forces for a possible military invasion of Gaza. The demonstration was held under the banner "Get Out of The Territories".[26][27] According to "Peace Now" itself, shortly after the outbreak of the Second Intifada, it was instrumental in creating the Israeli Peace Coalition, which later evolved into the Israeli-Palestine Peace Coalition.[1] Its main objective is to end the Israeli occupation of Palestinian lands, and to achieve a just, lasting and comprehensive peace based on a two-state solution.[28]

Israel's unilateral disengagement from the Gaza Strip

Peace Now was a key advocate of Israel's 2004 Disengagement Plan. Peace Now led the 'Mate ha-Rov' ("majority camp") demonstration on 14 May 2004 in Tel Aviv, in order to pressure the Israeli government to adopt the Disengagement Plan.[29] However, support for the Disengagement Plan faced contention within the Peace Now camp over its unilateral nature. Peace Now decided it was most important for Israel to withdraw from the Gaza Strip, regardless of the manner in which this withdrawal was to take place.

Settlement Watch

Settlement activity

Settlement Watch's map showing settlements in the West Bank

One of the most important activities of Peace Now is its ongoing Settlement Watch project which monitors and protests against the building of Jewish settlements in the West Bank, including East Jerusalem. Dror Aktes headed this committee until 2007 when he was replaced by Hagit Ofran. The project focuses on the following issues with regards to the settlements:-

Peace Now's Settlement Watch project has resulted in the following developments:-

Similarly, the movement continues activity on the ground in support of evacuation through demonstrations, vigils and other campaign activity. Activities include:-

Wikileaks

According to leaked documents released by WikiLeaks in April 2011, Peace Now has regularly updated both the U.S. government and the Israeli Ministry of Defense on ongoing settlement construction in the West Bank.[35] The documents indicate that the Defence Ministry used Peace Now's services to monitor West Bank settlement construction.[35] In 2006, Peace Now director Yariv Oppenheimer reportedly urged the U.S. to pressure Israel into evacuating West Bank outposts, according to a leaked U.S. diplomatic cable.[35] Oppenheimer was quoted as saying that Israel might "evacuate a few outposts to show the U.S. that it is doing something, but in exchange it is trying to co-opt the settlers by retroactively approving some outposts and giving them a freer hand in building in the West Bank."[35]

Disputed information about settlements

In a report, Peace Now said that "a large proportion of the settlements built on the West Bank are built on privately owned Palestinian land," including 86.4 percent of Ma'ale Adumim's land and 35.1 percent of Ariel's. Overall, the report said, "Palestinians privately own nearly 40% of the land on which settlements have been built.".[36] This is disputed by the government, who argue it cannot have been privately owned, as it was "not under the legitimate sovereignty of any state".[37] On the specific issue of Ma'ale Adumim, Peace Now faced criticism for downgrading their estimate of the proportion built on privately owned Palestinian land from 86%, to 0.5%.[38] The group's revision was based on government information which had newly been released to them.[39]

Outreach

Israel Student Campus Project

Peace Now seeks to educate the Israeli youth on the nature of, and solution to, the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. In order to achieve this, the organisation

Internet campaigns

Peace Now seeks to promote its various causes via an active presence on such social networking sites as Facebook. Against the background of the 'Boycott Laws' which were being passed through the Knesset in July 2011,[40] the popular Israeli internet site 'Horim B’reshet' made a survey of the most popular Israeli protest Facebook pages, of which Peace Now's page ranked 5th.[41]

West Bank tours for opinion-makers

Peace Now aims to educate leading decision makers on the perceived counterproductive effects the settlements have on the attainment of the two-state solution.

One such tour was conducted by Peace Now in August 2009 and attended by such figures as MKs Ophir Pines-Paz (Labor), Daniel Ben-Simon (Labor) and Chaim Oron (Meretz Chairman).[42]

Demonstrations/rallies

Peace Now at the Rabin memorial rally in Rabin Square, 1 November 2014

Peace Now organises demonstrations and rallies in support of peace and human rights:-

'Price-Tag' attacks against Peace Now activists

Due to Peace Now's continued opposition to the development and construction of Jewish settlements in the West Bank/East Jerusalem, the organisation and several of its leading activists have been subject to 'price-tag' attacks and death-threats.

A 'price-tag' attack is defined as a violent act committed against Palestinians, Israeli security forces and/or anti-settlement organisations by pro-settlement advocates in retaliation for terrorist attacks on Israeli targets, government demolition of structures in West Bank settlements or curbs on Israeli settlement construction in the West Bank.[52]

In response to the demolition of three homes in the Migron settlement (as a result of a petition submitted to the Israeli Supreme Court by Peace Now in 2006), right-wing demonstrators spray-painted 'Price Tag Migron', 'Revenge' and 'Death to Traitors' on the entrance to the residence of Hagit Ofran, the head of Peace Now's 'Settlement Watch' project, in early October 2011.[53] Following the incident, a police investigation was opened. Approximately two months later, another 'price tag' attack was carried out, again at Hagit Ofran's residence.[54]

At the 2011 Rabin commemoration rally in Tel Aviv, Hagit Ofran stated in reference to the recent 'price tag attacks':

"The graffiti was sprayed in my home, but the taunts are in all of our stairwells. The tag may have marked me, but we all pay the price. We must not fear. We are here, and we are many. We have a voice and we must raise it. And today we say to Benjamin Netanyahu: We are not afraid."[55]

On 6 November 2011, Peace Now's Jerusalem office received a bomb threat. Police were called to the scene and the building was evacuated. The threat was later found to be a hoax.[56] Following a brief investigation, Jerusalem District Police arrested a 21-year-old male resident of a settlement near Jerusalem who was suspected of vandalizing Peace Now offices in Jerusalem. Police also tried to ascertain whether the suspect was involved in the 'price-tag' attacks on Hagit Ofran's residence.[52] A gag order was initially placed on the publication of his name and picture due to the “ongoing investigation” into the attacks.[57] Once the investigation was complete, the gag order remained in effect, despite the suspect not being a minor. The order also applied to details about the suspect's parents, due to the politically sensitive nature of their occupation.

Although the suspect had been arrested two months previously for issuing death threats against Peace Now's Director General Yariv Oppenhimer and a bomb hoax at the organisation's Jerusalem office, he was released shortly afterwards.

Following court proceedings against the suspect, he was released to house arrest and forced to wear an electronic bracelet, yet his 'price-tag' activities continued. On 27 November 2011, it was reported that the unnamed individual issued death-threats (via email) against all of Peace Now's core team from his Jerusalem house. The gag order remained.[58]

Financing by foreign governments

Peace Now has received funding from foreign states and international organizations for such projects as those which measure the expansion of Israeli settlements in the West Bank.[59] In 2008 Peace Now received ILS 935,622 from the Norwegian embassy, ILS 547,751 from the British Foreign Office, ILS 285,857 from Germany's Institut für Auslandsbeziehungen, and ILS 76,267 from the Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs.[60] According to Im Tirtzu, Peace Now received ILS 844,000 from the embassy of Norway in 2009, as well as ILS 731,000 from the United Kingdom and ILS 555,000 from the Belgian government.[9]

The Knesset passed a law in 2008 requiring Israeli organizations to publicize any foreign funding they receive. The law was aimed specifically at Peace Now.[59] In 2011, the Knesset passed a law which required organizations to report each quarter on any foreign funding they receive.[61] In November 2011, Benyamin Netanyahu's government began proceedings to introduce legislation which would place a ILS 20,000 (approx $5000) limit on what NGOs could receive from foreign governments, government-supported foundations and/or groups of governments (e.g. the European Union and the United Nations).[62] Another bill, advanced by Avigdor Lieberman's Yisrael Beiteinu party, proposed a 45% tax on foreign government donations to organizations that do not receive Israeli state funding.[63]

Individuals such as Prime Minister Benyamin Netanyahu, Foreign Minister Avigdor Lieberman and MKs Tzipi Hotovely, Ofir Akunis and Fania Kirshenbaum have supported the proposed legislation. They argue that the legislation prevents foreign governments and organizations from unduly influencing Israel's domestic affairs.[64] The legislation has encountered notable resistance from within Israel itself and abroad. The governments of the United Kingdom and the United States warned Benyamin Netanyahu that the adoption of such measures would harm Israel's standing in the West as a democratic country.[65][66][67]

Certificate of Merit for Support to IDF Reservists

Peace Now received a certificate of merit from the Israeli government and IDF for support given to IDF reserve soldiers. The certificate was issued as part of a competition which honours organizations, businesses and companies whose workers serve as reservists and are supported by their workplace. The certificate was personally signed by Ehud Barak and Chief Reserve Officer Brigadier General Shuki Ben-Anat. It read:

'For your activity and care for employees serving in reserve duty. Your activity is commendable and greatly contributes to the IDF's fortitude and the State of Israel's security."[68]

Notable supporters

Notable individuals such as American actor Leonard Nimoy, American authors Michael Chabon and Ayelet Waldman, and Israeli authors David Grossman and Amos Oz support Peace Now's objectives.[2][69][70][71] Actor Mandy Patinkin expressed his support for Peace Now during a visit to Israel in 2012.[72]

Logo

Peace Now's logo was designed by Israeli graphic designer David Tartakover in 1978.[73] The logo emerged from a poster created by Tartakover for a mass rally, held in what is now Rabin Square in Tel Aviv on 1 April 1978, titled "Peace Now."[73] It became the name of the organization, and was used on the first political bumper sticker in Israel.[74][75] It is still one of Israel's most popular stickers.[73] Tartakover, commenting in 2006, said "The movement activists liked the logo, [b]ut they thought there should also be a symbol. I told them it wasn't needed - this is the symbol. It took time until they understood that this was the first political sticker in Israel."[73]

Affiliated organisations

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 "Who We Are". Peace Now. Retrieved 15 November 2011.
  2. 1 2 "Amos Oz, Israel’s Best Known Novelist and An Advocate of Middle East Peace". American Council for Judaism. Retrieved 28 November 2011.
  3. 1 2 3 "Peace Now - Knesset's Definition". Knesset. Retrieved 16 November 2011.
  4. ↑ About Us Ameinu Retrieved 16 November 2011
  5. 1 2 "What We Stand For". Peace Now. Retrieved 15 November 2011.
  6. ↑ "Peace Now in Hebron: Expel settlers from city - Israel News, Ynetnews". Ynetnews.com. 20 June 1995. Retrieved 2 May 2012.
  7. ↑ A West Bank Enclave Is on Edge
  8. ↑ Warren, Stacy (2011). "Chapter 4: The Social Potential of GIS". In Nyerges, Timothy L.; Couclelis, Helen; McMaster, Robert. The SAGE Handbook of GIS and Society. London: SAGE Publications. p. 80. ISBN 978-1-4129-4645-2. Retrieved 20 May 2012.
  9. 1 2 Attali, Amihai (18 May 2012). אם תרצו נגד שלום עכשיו: הקרב על י-ם [Im Tirtzu v. Peace Now: the battle for Jerusalem]. Nrg (Maariv) (in Hebrew). Retrieved 20 May 2012. 'לא תמיד הייתה שלום עכשיו תנועה כל כך קיצונית', נטען בסרטון, שמציג מסמך עקרונות של שלום עכשיו משנת 1982 בו נקבע כי ירושלים לא תחולק." "'הנה לדוגמא רק בשנת 2009 קיבלה שלום עכשיו 844 אלף שקל משגרירות נורבגיה, 731 אלף מבריטניה, ו-555 אלף מממשלת בלגיה.'
  10. 1 2 "The Officers' Letter March- 1978". Peace Now. Retrieved 15 November 2011.
  11. ↑ Achievements Canadian Friends of Peace Now Retrieved 20 November 2011
  12. ↑ "Thousands attend Israeli's funeral". The New York Times. 12 February 1983. Retrieved 25 August 2007.
  13. ↑ Shipler, David K. (16 February 1983). "A crude shrine rises at spot where bomb halted protest". The New York Times. Retrieved 25 August 2007.
  14. ↑ Shipler, David K. (29 January 1984). "Israel begins to note Jewish terrorism". The New York Times. Retrieved 25 August 2007.
  15. ↑ "The troubled personality of Yona Avrushmi". Jerusalem Post. 12 January 2011. Retrieved 20 November 2011.
  16. ↑ Ariel Sharon Jewish Virtual Library Retrieved 20 November 2011
  17. ↑ Palestinian Declaration of Independence - 1988 Israeli Ministry of Foreign Affairs Retrieved 20 November 2011
  18. ↑ What Is Israel's Peace Now? About.com Retrieved 20 November
  19. ↑ Peace Movement in the United States Jewish Women Comprehensive Encyclopedia Retrieved 20 November 2011
  20. ↑ Mitchell, Thomas. "Indispensable Traitors: Liberal Parties in Secular Conflicts". Greenwood Press, 2002, p.13
  21. ↑ Suicide and Other Bombing Attacks in Israel Since the Declaration of Principles (Sept 1993) Israeli Ministry of Foreign Affairs Retrieved 21 November 2011
  22. ↑ Daniel Dor (2003). "Media and the Second Intifada". Palestine-Israel Journal, Vol.10 No.2. Retrieved 4 September 2015.
  23. ↑ Gawerc, Michelle I. (2012). Prefiguring Peace: Israeli-Palestinian Peacebuilding Partnerships. Lexington Books. pp. 41–42. ISBN 9780739166109.
  24. ↑ "Police said"
  25. ↑ according to "Peace Now"
  26. ↑ Israeli Troops Standing By on the Outskirts of Gaza New York Times
  27. ↑ Thousands rally for peace in Tel Aviv BBC News, 12 May 2002, Retrieved 21 November 2011
  28. ↑ Israeli Palestinian Peace Coalition (IPPC) Global Partnership for the Prevention of Armed Conflict Retrieved 21 November 2011
  29. ↑ Thousands of Israelis Urge Gaza Pullout Democratic Underground Retrieved 21 November 2011
  30. ↑ What is Settlement Watch Team? Peace Now Retrieved 22 November 2011
  31. ↑ "Cabinet: All West Bank outposts on private Palestinian land to go by year's end". Ha'aretz. 7 March 2011. Retrieved 24 November 2011.
  32. ↑ "Israel's Supreme Court orders state to dismantle largest West Bank outpost". Ha'aretz. 2 August 2011. Retrieved 24 November 2011.
  33. ↑ "Haaretz WikiLeaks exclusive / Israel's Peace Now updates U.S. on West Bank construction". Ha'aretz. 7 April 2011. Retrieved 27 November 2011.
  34. ↑ November 2011 Map of Settlements in the West Bank and East Jerusalem Peace Now Retrieved 27 November 2011
  35. 1 2 3 4 Aderet, Ofer (7 April 2011). "Haaretz WikiLeaks exclusive / Israel's Peace Now updates U.S. on West Bank construction". Haaretz. Retrieved 8 April 2011.
  36. ↑ Dror Etkes & Hagit Ofran: Breaking the law in the West Bank - One violation leads to another: Israeli Settlement Building on Private Palestinian Property Peace Now, October 2006.
  37. ↑ Israeli Settlements and International Law Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 20 May 2001.
  38. ↑ Alex Safian: Peace Now’s Blunder: Erred on Ma'ale Adumim Land by 15,900 Percent CAMERA 16 March 2007.
  39. ↑ Shragai, Nadav (14 March 2007). "Peace Now: 32% of land held for settlements is private Palestinian property". Haaretz. Retrieved 6 July 2009.
  40. ↑ "Israel law targets boycott campaigns". LA Times. 12 July 2011. Retrieved 27 November 2011.
  41. ↑ Tמגלעד ועד דימונה: 30 דפי המחאה המובילים בפייסבוק 'Horim B’reshet' Retrieved 27 November 2011 (Hebrew)
  42. ↑ "MKs, leftists tour West Bank outposts". Ynet. 25 August 2009. Retrieved 27 November 2011.
  43. ↑ "Hundreds rally in Jerusalem against racism". Ynet. 26 February 2011. Retrieved 27 November 2011.
  44. ↑ "Thousands march in Tel Aviv in support of Palestinian state based on 1967 borders". Ha'aretz. 4 June 2011. Retrieved 27 November 2011.
  45. ↑ "Knesset braces for 'Boycott bill' vote". Ynet. 10 July 2011. Retrieved 27 November 2011.
  46. ↑ "Peace Now protests boycott bill". Jposttv. 10 July 2011. Retrieved 27 November 2011.
  47. ↑ "Peace Now launches boycott of settlement products". Jpost. 12 July 2011. Retrieved 27 November 2011.
  48. ↑ "Peace Now rally calls on Glenn Beck to ‘go home!’". Jpost. 24 August 2011. Retrieved 27 November 2011.
  49. ↑ "16 years on: Annual Tel Aviv rally remembers Rabin". Jpost. 11 August 2011. Retrieved 27 November 2011.
  50. ↑ "Libel bill passes first Knesset reading". Ynet. 21 November 2011. Retrieved 28 November 2011.
  51. ↑ "Thousands protest against 'libel bill'". Ynet. 22 November 2011. Retrieved 28 November 2011.
  52. 1 2 "Jerusalem police arrest suspect in 'price tag' attacks on Peace Now offices". Ha'aretz 9 November 2011. Retrieved 28 November 2011.
  53. ↑ "Activist's home vandalized in latest 'price tag' attack". Jpost. 12 September 2011. Retrieved 28 November 2011.
  54. ↑ "'Rabin is waiting for you' spray-painted on leftist's building". Ynet. 8 November 2011. Retrieved 28 November 2011.
  55. ↑ "Peace Now activist Ofran: ‘We must not fear. We are here, and we are many’". Ha'aretz. 13 November 2011. Retrieved 28 November 2011.
  56. ↑ "Jerusalem offices of Peace Now evacuated after bomb threat". Ha'aretz. 6 November 2011. Retrieved 28 November 2011.
  57. ↑ "Jerusalem ‘price tag’ suspect arrested". Jpost. 10 November 2011. Retrieved 28 November 2011.
  58. ↑ "'Price tag' suspect emailed death threats from house arrest, police says". Ha'aretz. 27 November 2011. Retrieved 28 November 2011.
  59. 1 2 "'Peace Now' Will Have to Publicize EU Contributions". Israel National News 17 January 2008. Retrieved 29 November 2011.
  60. ↑ מדינות שסייעו לשלום עכשיו בשנת 2008 [Countries that helped Peace Now in 2008] (in Hebrew). Peace Now. 1 December 2009. Retrieved 23 May 2012.
  61. ↑ New law: Groups must report on funding Ynet 21 February 2011 Retrieved 29 November 2011
  62. ↑ "Israeli ministers accused of trying to muzzle critics with funding curbs". Guardian. 13 November 2011. Retrieved 29 November 2011.
  63. ↑ "Britain warns Israel against blocking funds for rights groups". The Independent. 12 November 2011. Retrieved 29 November 2011.
  64. ↑ "Likud MK, Peace Now leader spar over NGO bill". Jpost. 23 November 2011. Retrieved 1 December 2011.
  65. ↑ "Britain warns Israel against blocking funds for rights groups". The Independent. 12 November 2011. Retrieved 1 December 2011.
  66. ↑ "Israeli rights groups rail against planned law". The Financial Times. 13 November 2011. Retrieved 1 December 2011.
  67. ↑ "EU-US urge Israel to scrap legislation against civil society". New Europe Online. 14 November 2011. Retrieved 1 December 2011.
  68. ↑ "Peace Now honored for supporting reservists". Ynet. 6 October 2011. Retrieved 29 November 2011.
  69. ↑ "'Spock' calls for Jerusalem's division". Ynet. 9 June 2011. Retrieved 29 November 2011.
  70. ↑ Authors Michael Chabon& Ayelet Waldman "NOW is the time to support Americans for Peace Now" Americans for Peace Now Retrieved 29 November 2011
  71. ↑ Dictionary of Literary Biography on David Grossman Book Rags Retrieved 29 November 2011
  72. ↑ Bar-Zohar, Ofir (11 May 2012). בשמאל תהו: כיצד ומתי חוזרים לשלטון [The Left pondered: how and when to return to power]. Haaretz (in Hebrew). Retrieved 21 May 2012.
  73. 1 2 3 4 Becher, Nir (27 April 2006). "Peace Now". Haaretz. Retrieved 10 April 2011.
  74. ↑ Bloch, L. R. (June 2000). "Mobile discourse: political bumper stickers as a communication event in Israel". Journal of Communication 50 (2): 48–76. doi:10.1111/j.1460-2466.2000.tb02841.x.
  75. ↑ Salamon, Hagar (June 2000). "Political Bumper Stickers in Contemporary Israel: Folklore as an Emotional Battleground". The Journal of American Folklore 114 (453): 277–308. doi:10.1353/jaf.2001.0020.

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